biology studyguide

What is it called when a nondisjunction could result in one of the zygots (once egg & sperm unite) forming having only one copy of the affected chromosome?

monosomy

what is the last chromosome pair (#23) known as?

the last chromosome pair(#23) is known as the sex chromosomes

What is it called when another zygote could have 3 copies of one chromosome?

trisomy

what would it be called if on chromosome pair 21 there were three chromosomes? what would the sex of this person be?

trisomy 21; male

by looking at karyotypes you should be able to determine the number of what?

By looking at kayotypes you should be able to determine the number of autosomes and sex chromosomes present.

what is failure to separate chromosomes?

The failure to separate is called nondisjunction.sometimes during meiosis when gametes are made, the chromosomes fail to separate correctly at anaphase I. or anaphase II.

what is a karyotype?

a karyotype is a photograph of all of an organism's chromosomes.

what are the other chromosomes (other then chromosome pair #23) known as?

all the other chromosomes are known as autosomes. those are all the chromosomes besides chromosome pair (#23)

by looking at karyotypes you should be able to determine what about the organism?

another thing you should be able to do by looking at a kayotype is determine if the organism is "normal" or has a chromosomal disorder.

by looking at karyotypes you should be able to identify what?

by looking at karyotypes you should be able to identify where the disorder is located and what type of disorder (either monosomy, trisomy, or malformation of a chromosome) and possibly the specific name (like Turner's, Down, etc.)

how many chromosome pairs do humans have?

humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes.

nondisjunction disorders can often be diagnosed with a what?

karyotype

what do karyotypes allow you to study?

karyotypes allow you to study differences in chromosome shape, structure, and size.

by looking at karyotypes you should be able to determine what?

one thing you should be able to do by looking at a karyotype is determine the sex/gender of the organism.