Biology Test 2
What are the 10 amino acids the body can not produce?
alanine, asparagine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamic acid, glutamine, glycine, proline, serine and tyrosine.
A ribozyme is _____.
an RNA with catalytic activity
the Codon on an mRNA will base pair with what on the tRNA?
anti-codon
What 2 amino acids are acidic?
aspartic acid and glutamic acid
Alternative RNA splicing _____.
can allow the production of proteins of different sizes and functions from a single mRNA
Which of the following occurs in prokaryotes but not in eukaryotes?
concurrent transcription and translation
One way that chromatin can change between the 30nMeter (condensed) filament and the 10nMeter (uncondensed) filament
is through the interaction of histone H1 with the linker DNA regions
Which type of RNA is translated?
mRNA
Transcription in eukaryotes requires which of the following in addition to RNA polymerase?
several transcription factors
What is Chromatin?
the material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than bacteria (i.e., eukaryotes) are composed. It consists of protein, RNA, and DNA.
Which of the following is directly related to a single amino acid?
the three-base sequence of mRNA
In the structural organization of many eukaryotic genes, individual exons may be related to which of the following?
the various domains or regions of the polypeptide product
How many bases are required to code for a single amino acid?
three
If a protein has 100 amino acids, what is the minimum length of the RNA required to code for this protein
300
the genetic code read from the mRNA in what manner?
5' to 3' in groups of three bases called codons.
Which of the following does not occur in prokaryotic gene expression, but does occur in eukaryotic gene expression?
A cap is added to the 5' end of the mRNA.
The genetic code is essentially the same for all organisms. From this, one can logically assume which of the following?
A gene from an organism can be expressed by any other organism and the resulting protein is functional.
How does termination of translation take place?
A stop codon is reached.
what site in the ribosome is where the codon / anti-codon relationship tested?
A- stie
What are the 5 electrically charged amino acids?
Asparitic Acid, Glutamic Acid, Lysine, Arginine and Histidine
What are 6 polar amino acids?
Glycine, Alanine, Valine, Leucine, Isoleusine, Proline (
In two or three sentences describe what a ribosome is
It is a collection of RNA and protein molecules that are responsible for translation. It is comprised of a small subunit and a large subunit. There is a high degree of similarity between the eukaryotic and prokaryotic ribosomes.
What 3 amino acids are basic?
Lysine, Arginine, Histidine
What does it mean when we say the genetic code is redundant or degenerate?
More than one codon can specify the addition of the same amino acid.
Do Bacteria have chromatin?
No
A mutation occurs in the 5'UTR of an eukarotic Gene. Predict what might occur to the protein encoded by this gene?
Nothing this region is not translated so no change to the protein will occur
Which site "holds onto" the growing poly peptide chain?
P-site
In eukaryotes there are several different types of RNA polymerase. Which type is involved in transcription of mRNA for a globin protein?
RNA polymerase II
Describe the factor for independent termination of transciptson in prokaryotes.
RNA polymerase transcribes though the terminator sequence causing the polymerase to separate from the DNA and release the transcript
Which of the following statements best describes the factor independent termination of transcription in prokaryotes?Which of the following statements best describes the factor independent termination of transcription in prokaryotes?
RNA polymerase transcribes through the terminator sequence, causing the polymerase to separate from the DNA and release the transcript.
What happened with the experiment Avery, Macleod, and McCarty did?
The experiment was a demonstration that DNA causes bacterial transformation. Avery and his colleagues showed that DNA was the key component of Griffith's experiment, in which mice are injected with dead bacteria of one strain and live bacteria of another, and develop an infection of the dead strain's type
In prokaryotes, the consensus -10 promoter sequence is TATAAT. What would your predict might happen if this sequence was mutated to GAGAAT?
The rate or amount of transcription from the mutated promoter would be less than the wild type consensus sequence
In prokaryotes the consensus -10 promoter sequence is TATAAT. What would you predict might happen if this sequence was mutated to GAGAAT?
The rate or amount of transcription from the mutated promoter would be less then the wild type consensus sequence.
Whats the difference between heterochromatin and euchromatin?
The rate or amount of transcription from the mutated promoter would be less then the wild type consensus sequence.
What occurs during the termination phase of translation?
The ribosome reachs the stop codon and a release factor enters the A site causing the ribosome to release the poly peptide and the two ribosome subunits come apart