Biology Test 2 - Climate Change

The light reactions of photosynthesis occur within the ______ of the chloroplast and the Calvin cycle reactions occur within the ______ of the chloroplast.

thylakoid; stroma

Which part of solar energy is important in photosynthesis?

The visible spectrum of light

When it comes to the carbon footprint, because of its required usage of land, ______ is the most costly food source.

beef

In the carbon cycle, the process of photosynthesis ______ atmospheric CO2, and cellular respiration ______ atmospheric CO2.

consumes; produces

What are the two most important insect vectors involved in the spread of bacterial and viral diseases?

mosquitoes and ticks

Which of the following would fall under the definition of an alternative energy?

solar

Carbon cycles naturally between

geologic and atmospheric reservoirs and living organisms.

The worldwide increase in average surface temperatures of Earth is called __________.

global warming

One consequence of climate change is change in temperature and precipitation patterns, which results in

an increase in the severity and frequency of droughts and heat waves.

A biome is defined by its

animals and forestry.

Which of the following describes an investigation performed by ecologists interested in studying the biosphere?

A study measuring the levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and trace gases in the atmosphere over different seasons

Fires and volcanic activity are natural events that produce _____.

C02

Burning fossil fuels releases O2 into the atmosphere.

False

Which of the following statements correctly explains the greenhouse effect?

Greenhouse gases absorb infrared radiation emitted by the planet's surface. This trapped heat energy is released slowly back into the atmosphere.

The most adundant greenhouse gas in the atmosphere is

water vapor

Methane versus carbon dioxide are very important greenhouse gases. However, methane can retain and release about ____ times more heat than carbon dioxide.

30

When reviewing the following terms, which term is able to encompass all the others?

Climate change

As global temperatures increase, which of the following scenarios are most likely to happen?

Glaciers and snow coverage decrease.

The measure of the impact on climate change by a person or a company is known as their

carbon footprint.

Hemlock trees support life of other organisms. Climate change has increased the rate of infection of Hemlocks with woolly adelgid. These kill the trees which decrease the habitat of animals and other insects. This is an example of how climate change impacts the

community level.

Evolution is a natural process that occurs over time. Evolution has been disrupted by climate change because the changes are occurring at such a rapid rate,

species are not able to adapt to the changes fast enough.

Even though there are alternate energy sources, fossil fuels are used for approximately ______ of the United States energy needs.

80%

Which of the following sources of alternative energy involves using uranium or other materials to split the nucleus of an atom?

Nuclear energy

Carbon sinks are reservoirs that hold large amounts of carbon. Which of the following are considered to be carbon sinks?

Oceans, fossil fuels deep underground, and the atmosphere

Which statement below best summarizes the overall purpose of the light-dependent reactions?

The light-dependent reactions capture the energy from the sun and transfer it to high-energy molecules.

Scientists studying global warming have noted an unusual trend in carbon dioxide level. Which of the following statements explains the trend of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

The rise in carbon dioxide levels have occurred relatively rapidly.

The decrease in the ocean's pH is called ocean acidification. What impact has this had on shellfish?

Their shells are weak due to the lack of calcification.

Coal is a fossil fuel that results from pressure being exerted on plant and animal decay for millions of years. Oil and natural gas are also fossil fuels except they

formed from microscopic plants and animals.

Which of the following minor contributing greenhouse gases are produced from agricultural practices such as the use of burning of fossil fuels and used in fertilizers?

nitrous oxides

______ is a product of photosynthesis and is a carbon-based molecule that is the chief source of energy for most organisms

Glucose