Biology Test CK-12 Evolution

What was the name of Lyell's book that influenced Darwin?

"Principles of Geology"

The HMS Beagle was a British Royal Navy ship on which Darwin spent _____ years as a naturalist.

5

Which of the following places were along the route of Darwin's voyage of the Beagle?

Bahia, Galapagos, Capetown

_____ was the author of the book On the Origin of Species.

Charles Darwin

The term 'natural selection' was first used by _____.

Darwin

The Galápagos Islands are off the coast of

Ecuador

Darwin's most important observations were made on the ________ islands.

Galapagos

Which of the following theories was not presented by Darwin?

Genetic drift

The development of Darwin's theory was influenced by __________.

Jeanbatist Lamark, Charles Lyell, Alfred Russel Wallace

Who developed the theory of the inheritance of acquired characteristics?

Lamarck

The book named Principles of Geology, which influenced Darwin, was written by

Lyell

Which scientist influenced Darwin by arguing that the Earth is very old?

Lyell

Who suggested the Earth must be over 6,000 years old, because of all the geological changes?

Lyell

Darwin knew that populations could produce far more offspring than the environment could support, leading to more struggle. What economist influenced this idea?

Malthus

Darwin thought that if the human population grows faster can be supported by available resources, the same must be true for animals in the wild. This was based on the work of _______________.

Malthus

Darwin's ideas that individuals in a population compete for resources came from reading essays written by _______.

Malthus

The "On Population" essay was written by _____.

Malthus

____________ explains how species change.

Natural Selection

Darwin's theory is given in his book named:

On the origin of species

Why did Darwin hesitate to publish his theory?

Some of Darwin's ideas contradicted with widely held beliefs Darwin wanted strong evidence to support his theory Darwin was worried about contradicting religious views

Natural selection means

Survival of a better adapted individual Elimination of a less adapted individual The environment influences survival

What is an example of how animals were adapted for their specific environments on the Galapagos Islands?

The members of one iguana species spent most of their time in the ocean The members of one iguana species lived on land and ate cactus Tortoises that ate plants near the ground had rounded shells and shorter necks

Which one of these examples best supports Darwin's idea of evolution by natural selection?

The prevalence of pesticide-resistant insects

Which of the following is true about organisms without beneficial traits?

These individuals leave less offspring and eventually die off. They have a lower fitness. They are not well adapted to survive in their habitat They may have difficulty obtaining the resources needed for survival.

Wallace developed basically the same theory of evolution as Darwin.

True

The work of _______ forced Darwin to publish his theory.

Wallace

Who developed a theory of evolution by natural selection that was similar to Darwin's theory?

Wallace

Who developed a theory of evolution similar to Darwin's?

Wallace

Complete this statement: Darwin realized that the tortoises had evolutionary __________ that allowed them to live in their particular environments.

adaptations

Darwin made numerous observations of plants,______, and fossils that helped him form his theory.

animals

The process of humans breeding animals or plants to have traits that are useful to humans is called _____.

artificial selection

________________ ________________is when humans breed plants and animals to have useful traits.

artificial selection

Thomas Malthus was an _____.

economist

What is the change in heritable characteristics within a species over time?

evolution

All of the giant Galápagos tortoises are now extinct.

false

Aristotle presented the idea of the natural selection.

false

Darwin hypothesized that genes are made of DNA and determine traits, and are passed to the next generation.

false

Darwin's ________ set up investment accounts to fund his career as a "gentleman scientist".

father

Darwin's observations aboard the Beagle included

finding rocks 13,000 feet above sea level, which contained fossil seashells. experiencing volcanic eruptions and earthquakes. finding a petrified forest that had been uplifted into the mountains. identifying coral atolls that were the result of sinking volcanoes.

What is the relative ability of an organism to survive and produce fertile offspring?

fitness

Which of the following proved to Darwin that species change over time.

fossils of extinct mammals

The only force of evolution that Darwin identified was ___________.

natural selection

Tortoises with ______ shells can reach up to eat plant leaves above their head.

saddle-shaped

The main difference between Darwin's finches was the

size and shape of their beaks.

All life evolves

true

Before Darwin, many people believed that organisms never change and never go extinct.

true

Darwin found that the different beaks of Galápagos finches seemed to suit them for different types of food.

true

Darwin knew that traits were inherited and could be passed to offspring.

true

Darwin noticed that the giant tortoises on one island had saddle-shaped shells, while those on another island had dome-shaped shells, so he wondered how each island in the Galápagos came to have its own type of tortoise.

true

Darwin's job on the Beagle was to collect samples of animals, plants, and rocks.

true

If a population cannot adapt, it will go extinct.

true

On the voyage of the Beagle, Darwin made the many observations that helped him develop his theory.

true

Prior to Darwin, many people believed Earth was only about 6,000 years old.

true

The Galapagos Islands are associated with Darwin.

true

The principle mechanism of evolution is natural selection.

true

The term 'natural selection' relates to differential reproduction between individuals.

true