Biology test reveiw (chapter 1-5)

Which of the following is a trace element? 1. oxygen 2.copper 3. nitrogen 4.hydrogen

2. copper

Which of these is a thiol? 1.—OH 2.—SH 3.-COH 4. none of the above

4. none of the above

Copper has an atomic number of 29 and a mass number of 64. What would result if an uncharged copper atom lost two electrons?

The atomic number would remain 29, the mass number would remain 64, and the atom would be a cation with a +2 charge.

Adhesion is best described as which of the following?

The clinging of one substance to another substance

The subunits (monomers) in cellulose are linked together by __________

glycosidic linkages

What is the three-dimensional shape created by hybrid orbitals that are formed when a carbon atom is covalently bonded with four other atoms?

A tetrahedron with carbon in the center

Cells are surrounded by water, with which they are mostly filled. Which of the following occurs as a result? 1.The temperature of living things tends to change relatively slowly. 2.A variety of nutrient molecules is readily available as dissolved solutes. 3.Waste products produced by cell metabolism can be easily removed. 4.All of the listed responses are correct.

All of the listed above

Which of the following is true regarding complementary base pairing in DNA and RNA molecules?

Although the base pairing between two strands of DNA in a DNA molecule can be thousands to millions of base pairs long, base pairing in an RNA molecule is limited to short stretches of nucleotides in the same molecule or between two RNA molecules.

What are the four most abundant elements found in living systems?

Hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon

Which type of organisms within the domain Eukarya is composed of organisms that are generally unicellular (single-celled)?

Protist

The reason that coastal climates are more moderate than inland climates primarily water's high __________

Specifc heat

For most atoms, when does the configuration of electrons make the atom unreactive?

When the atom has eight electrons in its outermost shell

Manufacturers make vegetable oils solid or semisolid at room temperature by __________.

adding hydrogen atoms to the fatty acid hydrocarbon chains, thereby converting carbon-carbon double bonds to single bonds

Which of the following is not an attribute of living things?

all living things require oxygen

Lipids differ from other large biological molecules in that they __________

are not truly polymers

Which of the following is the fundamental unit of structure and function in living organisms?

cell

The absorption of human-generated CO2 by the oceans __________

increases the hydrogen ion concentration in the oceans but decreases the carbonate ion concentration and threatens the livability of the oceans for organisms that produce calcium carbonate shells

Repetition of an experiment _________

is necessary before concluding that a given set of results is correct

The chemical characteristics or reactivity of an element depend mostly on the __________.

number of electrons in its outermost shell