Biology Unit 1 chemistry

What are the three groups that all amino acids have? nitrogenous base group, urea group, carboxylic acid group acetic acid group, R/side group, formyl group amino group, acetic acid group, T/side chain group phosphate group, carboxylic group S/side group amino group, carboxylic acid group, R/side chain group

amino group, carboxylic acid group, R/side chain group

The measurement that tells the effective weight of an atom is atomic mass nuclear mass atomic weight mass weight metalic weight

atomic mass

A molecule can form a hydrogen bond if Question 1 options: it contains benzene it contains oxygen or nitrogen it contains only carbon it contains sodium it contains only hydrogen

it contains oxygen or nitrogen

When two elements interact during a chemical reaction

it is actually their electrons that are involved

If DNA is mutated (changed), which molecules in gene expression can be affected? water and oil nucleic acids and carbohydrates acids and bases mRNA and protein sugars and starches

mRNA and protein

The most important structural biological difference between DNA and RNA is the phosphates are different the peptide bond is different the sugars are different the adenine is different the amino acid is different

the sugars are different

The tertiary structure of a protein describes Question options: which type of peptide bonds are present the three dimensional structure of the protein the pH of the protein how the protein functions (works) the sequence of the amino acids

the three dimensional structure of the protein

When two atoms share valence electrons Question 2 options: they form a hydrogen bond they have fun they form a nonpolar interaction they form an acidic solution they form a covalent bond

they form a covalent bond

What is the purpose of a buffer (in a biological organism)? to make a cellular pH more basic to maintain a proper pH to make a cellular temperature constant to make a cellular pH more acidic to maintain concentration of ion level bodily fluids

to maintain a proper pH

In a dehydration reaction Question options: sodium chloride is lost water is lost fluoride is lost a carboxylic acid is lost nitrogen is lost

water is lost

The universal solvent is ____________________ and one solute that can dissolve in it is ______________. Question 3 options: gasoline, powder water, oil oil, salt water, salt oil, sugar

water, salt

The chemical potassium bicarbonate is used in club soda for taste. It is made up of potassium, carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, This is an example of A vitamin An emergent property A periodic table component An atom A trace element

An emergent property

An atom can also be called protein electron proton element

Element

Fats, oils, and gasoline (petroleum) are Contain a lot of oxygen atoms Never produced naturally Cannot be used for energy use Hydrocarbons Polar molecules

Hydrocarbons

Which statement is true about hydrophilic (polar) and hydrophobic (non-polar) molecules Question 2 options: Hydrophilic molecules include oils and hydrophobic molecules include water Hydrophilic molecules cannot form hydrogen bonds but hydrophobic molecules can Hydrophilic molecules contain oxygen but hydrophobic molecules do not Hydrophilic molecules don't dissolve in water but hydrophobic molecules do dissolve Hydrophilic molecules can separate charges and hydrophobic cannot

Hydrophilic molecules can separate charges and hydrophobic cannot

Sodium Chloride is an example of Question 3 options: nonpolar bond James Bond Ionic bond hydrogen bond

Ionic bond

PET scans rely on radioactive isotopes atomic mass neutrons carbon dating sodium chloride

Radioactive isotopes

Which of the following is NOT a major component of living systems Titanium Hydrogen Oxygen Carbon Nitrogen

Titanium

The pH of human blood is right about 7.4. If the pH changes to 6.9, then the blood is becoming more Question 1 options: negative acidic basic ionic positive

acidic

Why do doctors check for level of triglycerides in the blood? Question options: because their levels can be linked to bacterial infection because their levels can be linked to cancer because their levels can be linked to cystic fibrosis because their levels can be linked to hair color because their levels can be linked to heart disease

because their levels can be linked to heart disease

Carbon skeletons are rarely used in living organisms contain several different types of nitrogen are scary at halloween contain only oxygen can be linear and/or branched

can be linear and/or branched

Which are all polymers of sugars? Question options: proteins, chitin, celluloid lions, tigers and bears - oh my! chitin, glycogen, cellulose glycogen, proteins, amino acids proteins, cellulose, celluloid

chitin, glycogen, cellulose

Membranes are made up of phospholipid bilayers. Using what you know about lipids, which molecule could possibly be found in the middle of a membrane? Question options: glucose water cholesterol sodium chloride glycerol

cholesterol

An example of a hydrolysis reaction is Question options: production of saliva digestion of food joining monomers together synthesis of a polymer buffering pH in the bloodstream

digestion of food

The name that describes two sugars attached together is ______________________ and the word that describes more than two sugars attached together is __________________________. Question options: polysaccharide, disaccharide monosaccharide, disaccharide disaccharide, monosaccharide polysaccharide, monosaccharide disaccharide, polysaccharide

disaccharide, polysaccharide

Genes are lipids inherited from parents proteins sugars mRNA

inherited from parents

An electron shell is unstable if not completely full describes the number of protons in an atom has nothing to do with covalent bonds has 5 electrons

is unstable if not completely full

Carbon is a very versatile molecule. This is demonstrated by the fact that it can only bind to oxygen it can form single and double bonds it can become a gas it can bind to fluorine it can act as a buffer

it can form single and double bonds

The main structural difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids is Question options: saturated hydrogens attached to carbon and unsaturated do not unsaturated have oxygen attached to the carbons but saturated do not saturated have only single bonds to the carbons and unsaturated have one or more double bonds to the carbons saturated have oxygen attached to carbon and unsaturated have no oxygen unsaturated only have single bonds to carbons and saturated don't have any double bonds

saturated have only single bonds to the carbons and unsaturated have one or more double bonds to the carbons

The ______________structure includes alpha helices and beta pleated sheets, the _____________structure describes when several peptides form a complex, the _________________structure is the 3 dimensional structure of the protein and the _________________structure describes the order of the amino acids.

secondary, quarternary, tertiary, primary

The pH of a cell is determined by the temperature of the cell the amount of sodium in the cell the size of the cell the concentration of H+ (hydrogen ions) in the cell the type of cell (i.e. neuron, red blood cell, kidney cell, etc.)

the concentration of H+ (hydrogen ions) in the cell

Isotopes differ in the number of electrons the number of neutrons the number of protons the number of elements

the number of neutrons