BIOLOGY unit 3

Algal cells are placed in an isotonic solution. Additional amounts of solutes are slowly added to the solution. What happens to the cells? A. They will begin to swell. B. They will burst. C. They will stay the same. D. They will shrink.

They will shrink.

True or False? Both the sodium-potassium pump and the proton pump require energy to move particles across the cell membrane.

True

True or False? Exocytosis helps the cell rid itself of wastes.

True

True or False? In active transport, energy is required to move a substance across a cell membrane.

True

True or False? Ion channels are usually able to transport only one type of ion.

True

True or False? The sodium-potassium pump moves sodium and potassium ions against the concentration gradient.

True

True or False? The transport of specific particles through a membrane by carrier proteins is know as facilitated diffusion.

True

True or False? When the concentration of solutes outside the cell is equal to the concentration of solutes inside the cell, the cell solution is isotonic relative to its environment.

True

Placing a plant into a hypertonic environment will a. cause turgor pressure to increase. b. cause the plant to take in water. c. have no effect. d. cause turgor pressure to decrease.

cause turgor pressure to decrease.

endocytosis : exocytosis a) phagocytosis : bacteria b) secrete : exocytosis c) cold : hot d) white blood cell : bacteria

cold : hot

Heavy rains : flooding :: a) osmosis : proton pumping b) high solute concentration : isotonic solution c) active transport : ATP d) concentration difference : osmosis

concentration difference : osmosis

The transport of food into cells involves the action of the sodium-potassium pump and ______ channels

coupled

Refer to the illustration above. In this system, solute molecules in cell "2" are most likely to a) remain in cell 2 b) adhere to cell 2s membrane c) diffuse into cell 1 d) diffuse into cell 4

diffuse into cell 1

Refer to the illustration above. The process shown is called a) osmosis b) facilitated diffusion c) active transport d) diffusion

diffusion

The dispersal of ink in a beaker of water is an example of a) diffusion b) osmosis c) active transport d) endocytosis

diffusion

Which of the following does not expend energy? a) diffusion b) chemiosmosis c) active transport d) a sodium-potassium pump

diffusion

Which of the following is true of ions and their transport across cell membranes? a) the gates for ions channels are always open b) ions are very small and thus can cross cell membranes readily c) electrical or chemical signals may control the movement of ions across cell membranes d) because they are charged particles, the movement of ions across cell membranes requires energy input

electrical or chemical signals may control the movement of ions across cell membranes

Molecules that are too large to be moved through the membrane can be transported into the cell by a) osmosis b) endocytosis c) lipid carriers d) diffusion

endocytosis

As a result of diffusion, the concentration of many types of substances a. always remains greater inside a membrane. b. eventually becomes balanced on both sides of a membrane. c. always remains greater on the outside of a membrane. d. becomes imbalanced on both sides of a membrane.

eventually becomes balanced on both sides of a membrane.

Molecules that are too large to be moved across a cell membrane can be removed from the cell by a) diffusion b) exocytosis c) lipid carriers d) osmosis

exocytosis

Refer to the illustration above. The process shown in figure B is called _____

exocytosis

Ridding the cell of material by discharging it from sacs at the cell surface is called a) chemiosmosis b) exorcism c) exocytosis d) endocytosis

exocytosis

Sugar molecules can enter cells through the process of a) exocytosis b) facilitated diffusion c) osmosis d) ion pumps

facilitated diffusion

Which of the following is an example of passive transport? A. endocytosis B. exocytosis C. facilitated diffusion D. Na+/K+ ATPase pump

facilitated diffusion

Refer to the illustration above. In which direction are water molecules in this system most likely to diffuse? a. from 1 to 2 b. from 2 to 4 c. from 4 to 3 d. from 3 to 1

from 3 to 1

Refer to the illustration above. In this system, water molecules are most likely to diffuse into which direction? a) from A to B b) from B to D c) from D to C d) from C to A

from C to A

Which of the following is not characteristic of facilitated diffusion? a) it requires a carrier proteins b) it moves substances against a concentration gradient c) it requires no energy input d) it involves a change in the shape of its carrier

it moves substances agains a concentration gradient

A calcium ion channel will allow a. any kind of ion to pass through it. b. only calcium ions to pass through it. c. positive ions to pass through it. d. None of the above

only calcium ions to pass through it.

The process by which water passes into or out of a cell is called a) solubility b) osmosis c) selective transport d) endocytosis

osmosis

The process in which an amoeba engulfs its prey and takes it in is known as ______

phagocytosis

The sodium potassium pump usually pumps a) potassium out of the cell b) sodium into the cell c) potassium into the cell d) only a potassium and sugar molecule together

potassium into the cell

Which of the following enters a cell by active transport? a) glucose b) water c) sodium ion d) potassium ion

potassium ion

Conduction of nerve impulses is possible because of the _________________________.

sodium-potassium pump

ion channels : ions :: a. facilitated diffusion : carrier protein b. plasmolysis : turgor pressure c. sodium-potassium pump : ATP d. sodium-potassium pump : sodium

sodium-potassium pump : sodium

proton pump : protons :: a) ATP : protons b) channel : protons c) sodium-potassium pump : ATP d) sodium-potassium pump : sodium

sodium-potassium pump : sodium

When a cell is placed in to water, more water moves in than out. Explain why more water is moving out of the cell than into the cell. A. The concentration of solute in the cell is higher than it is outside the cell B. The concentration of water outside the cell is too great C. The concentration of solute outside the cell is higher than it is inside the cell D. the concentration of water inside the cell is greater than it i s outside the cell

the concentration of water inside the cell is greater than it is outside the cell

At what point in the process of diffusion is dynamic equilibrium reached? A. when the movement of the molecules stops being random B. when the molecules are mixed and stop moving C. when the rate of change in the solution slows by one half D. when there is continuous movement but no change

when there is continuous movement but no change

Channels utilizing facilitated diffusion a) work in two directions b) require an electrical signal to function c) both a and b d) non of the above

work in two directions

Refer to the illustration above. Cells often trap extracellular particles and fluid. This is shown in figure ___________

A

Active transport systems are a form of cell transport that requires energy from molecules of _______

ATP

______________ allows the cell to stockpile substances in far greater concentrations than they occur outside the cell

Active Transport

Refer to the illustration above. Which cell is most likely to lose both water molecules and solute molecules as the system approaches equilibrium? a) Cell 1 b) Cell 2 c) Cell 3 d) Cell 4

Cell 4

As a result of diffusion, the concentration of many types of substances a) always remains greater inside a membrane b) eventually becomes balanced on both sides of a membrane c) always remains greater on the outside of a membrane d) becomes imbalanced on both sides of a membrane

Eventually becomes balanced on both sides of a membrane

Homeostasis is the process of maintaining a cell's environment. This includes the regulation of sodium ion (Na+) concentration within the cytoplasm. If too much Na+ is inside a cell, how can the concentration be changed? A. More Na+ ions will enter the cell through the plasma membrane B. Excess Na+ ions will leave the cell via osmosis C. Excess Na+ ions will b e transported out through membrane protein channels. D. More Na+ ions will be transported in through membrane protein channels

Excess Na+ ions will b e transported out through membrane protein channels.

True of False? During the process of exocytosis, the cell membrane extends to engulf substances that are too big to pass through the cell membrane.

False

True or False? A cell placed in a strong salt solution would probably burst because of an increase in osmotic pressure.

False

True or False? Diffusion is an active process that requires a cell to expend a great deal of energy.

False

True or False? Diffusion occurs only in living systems.

False

True or False? During diffusion, molecules diffuse from a region where their concentration is higher until they are evenly dispersed.

False

True or False? Facilitated diffusion moves molecules and ions in one direction only, while active transport moves them in two directions.

False

Diffusion takes place a) only through a lipid bilayer membrane b) from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentrations c) only in liquids d) from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

From an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

A plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What will happen to the plant cell? A. It will swell. B. It will shrink. C. It will stay the same. D. It will wilt.

It will swell.