Blood

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Normal blood pH falls in a range between ________ to ________.

7.35-7.45

A person with type B blood can receive blood from blood type(s)

B and O

Which blood type contains the A antigen only?

Blood type A

Which of these blood types carries no antigens:

Blood type O

The most common type of blood in the U.S. population is ________.

O

The immune serum used to prevent maternal sensitization to Rh antigens is ________.

RhoGAM

Which of the following red blood cell disorders may provide a better chance of surviving where malaria is present?

Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA)

Physiologic jaundice occurring in newborns results from ________.

accumulation of destroyed fetal red blood cells

When antibodies bind to antigens on foreign blood types, clumping or ________ occurs.

agglutination

Which type of granulocyte releases histamine at sites of inflammation

basophils

Which type of leukocyte kills parasitic worms by deluging them with digestive enzymes?

eosinophil

What long, hairlike molecules form the basis of a clot during coagulation?

fibrin

White blood cells containing granules and lobed nuclei are classified as ________.

granulocytes

What is necessary for the transport of oxygen by an erythrocyte?

hemoglobin

The condition in which maternal antibodies cross the placenta and destroy the babyʹs RBCs is

hemolytic disease of the newborn

Hereditary bleeding disorders that result from lack of clotting factors are referred to as

hemophilia

Which of the following is a blood clotting disorder?

hemophilia

The process by which bleeding is stopped is called ________.

hemostasis

Erythrocytes _______

lack a nucleus and most organelles

In a centrifuged blood sample, the buffy coat situated between the formed elements and the plasma contain

leukocytes and platelets

Platelets are fragments of a multinucleate cell known as a(n) ________.

megakaryocyte

What multinucleate cell gives rise to thousands of anucleate fragments known as platelets?

megakaryocyte

The most numerous white blood cells are the:

neutrophils

The condition in which fetal RBCs are destroyed faster than the infant liver can rid the body of the breakdown products of hemoglobin is called ________.

physiologic jaundice

The matrix of blood is called:

plasma

Where does hematopoiesis occur to produce new red blood cells

red bone marrow

What enzyme joins soluble fibrinogen proteins into long molecules of fibrin during coagulation

thrombin

A persistent clot in an unbroken blood vessel is known as ________.

thrombus

Why do you think Mrs. Gonzalez was prescribed heparin, an anticoagulant?

to inhibit the formation of clots

Which one of the following represents the proper sequence of hemostasis?

vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, coagulation

Placing pressure on a cut will constrict blood vessels manually, and encourages ________.

vascular spasms

Bleeding disorders can result from the lack of ________.

vitamin K

Place these leukocytes in order from the most common to the least common: 1) basophil 2) eosinophil 3) lymphocyte 4) monocyte 5) neutrophil

5, 3, 4, 2, 1

A decrease in the oxygen-carrying ability of the blood, for any reason, is a condition known as ________.

anemia

What is blood serum?

blood plasma minus the clotting proteins

Which ions are essential for blood clotting to occur?

calcium

The formation of an insoluble clot during hemostasis is termed

coagulation

What is the name of the process by which white blood cells move in and out of blood vessels

diapedesis

The two major groups of white blood cells are ________.

granulocytes and agranulocytes

The percentage of erythrocytes in blood is known as the ________.

hematocrit

What part of red blood cell binds and transports oxygen

hemoglobin

Abnormally low levels of white blood cells causes a condition known as ________.

leukopenia

Which of the following cells are classified as granulocytes?

neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils

If you carry the Rh antigen, you are referred to as Rh

positive

Blood is ________.

slightly alkaline

The average functional lifespan of an RBC is ________.

100-120 days

Normal whole blood contains ________ g of hemoglobin per 100 mL.

12-18

Blood normally clots in approximately

3-6 minutes

The blood type that contains both antigens A and B is ________.

AB

Which blood type is referred to as the ʺuniversal recipientʺ since it can receive blood types

AB

What stem cell gives rise to all formed elements?

hemocytoblast

What does treatment of hemophilia often involve

transfusion of plasma or injections of missing clotting factor

White blood cells differ from red blood cells because only they contain ________.

a nucleus and most organelles

What is the process whereby the binding of antibodies to antigens causes RBCs to clump?

agglutination

An important plasma protein that contributes to the osmotic pressure of blood is ________.

albumin

Hemolysis most likely will occur when ________.

an Rh negative person receives the second transfusion of blood that is Rh positive

Jordan works in a hematology lab and processed a blood report showing 22,000 white blood cells/mm3 of blood for a patient. He suspects this patient has a bacterial infection leading to

leukocytosis

blood test shows that Mr. Jimenezʹs total WBC count exceeded 11,000 cells/mm3. What is most likely his condition?

leukocytosis

Which organ is largely responsible for the synthesis of clotting factors

liver

Life at a high altitude, where less oxygen is available, can lead to red blood cell disorder

polycythemia

An immature RBC which still contains some endoplasmic reticulum is called a(n) ________.

reticulocyte

Severe shock that can be fatal occurs with blood loss exceeding.

30 percent

Molly has blood type A and her daughter has blood type B. Why canʹt Molly donate blood to her daughter

Blood type B contains anti-A antibodies, which will agglutinate with Mollyʹs type A

Which blood type(s) can a person with blood type O receive?

Blood type O

37) A substance that stimulates the immune system to release antibodies is the ________.

Antigen

Substances that the body recognizes as foreign are called ________.

antigens

What is the final step of hemostasis in which the formation of a blood clot is accomplished?

coagulation

Compatibility testing for agglutination of donor RBCs by the recipientsʹ serum is called

cross matching

Which formed element is the most abundant in blood?

erythrocyte

What hormone controls the rate of erythrocyte production?

erythropoietin


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