Blood questions

The combination of plasma and formed elements is?

Whole Blood

What are the functions of the Blood? a)Transport of nutrients and wastes b)Transport of body heat c)Transport of gases d)Defense against toxins and Pathogens e)All of the Above

e)All of the Above

Which of the following statements is False about Blood? a)blood contains buffers that control pH b)The normal pH of blood is 6.8 to 7.0 c)Blood is more viscous than water d) Blood is about 55 percent plasma e) cells in blood comprise the formed elements

Answer: B) The normal pH of blood is 6.8 to 7.0

Consider the following results from a blood lab test, which value is most likely abnormal? a)RBC's- 5.2 million /ul b) Platelets- 280,000/ul c)leukocytes- 8600/ ul d) Hemoglobin- 10.7/ 100ml e)hematocrit- 44 percent

Answer: D) Hemoglobin 10.7/ 100 ml

A bruise appears as a greenish spot in the skin because A) hemoglobin has leaked from the blood into the injury and hemoglobin has a green color. B) the heme group in the hemoglobin has broken down into biliverdin. C) bilirubin from hemoglobin recycling has built-up in the bruise. D) red blood cells are green when they leave circulation. E) dead white blood cells accumulate at the site of injury.

B) The heme group in the hemoglobin was broken down into biliverdin

People with type AB blood are considered the "universal recipient" for transfusions because A) their blood cells lack A and B antigens. B) their blood lacks A or B agglutinins. C) their blood is plentiful in A and B agglutinins. D) they usually have very strong immune systems. E) they are usually Rh negative

B) their blood lacks A or B agglutinins

Each of the following is a characteristic of Whole Blood , EXCEPT: a) temperature of approximately 38 degrees Celsius b) Viscosity about the same as water c) pH of 7.4 d) built in system for clotting e) red color from hemoglobin

B) viscosity same as water

Which of the following scenarios could result in HDN (hemolytic disease of the newborn)? A. A+ female pregnant with a B- baby B. B- female pregnant with an AB+ baby C. AB- female pregnant with an AB- baby D. O+ female pregnant with a B+ baby

B. B- female pregnant with an AB+ baby

All of the following are true of neutrophils, except that they are A) granular leukocytes. B) phagocytic. C) also known as polymorphonuclear leukocytes. D) important in coagulation. E) active in fighting bacterial infections.

D) important in coagulation

A person's blood type is determined largely by the A) size of the RBCs. B) volume of the RBCs. C) chemical character of the hemoglobin. D) presence of specific glycoproteins on the cell membrane. E) shape of the RBCs.

D) presence of the specific glycoproteins on the cell membrane

What is an embolus? A. a stroke B. a protein in the coagulation pathway C. an anticoagulant D. a blood clot that has broken loose and is floating freely in the bloodstream

D. a blood clot that has broken loose and is floating freely in the bloodstream

The main protein in blood plasma is __________. A. hemoglobin B. erythropoietin C. plasmin D. albumin

D. albumin

Which of the choices below is the parent cell for all formed elements of blood? A. normoblast B. polymorphonuclear cell C. megakaryocyte D. hemocytoblast

D. hemocytoblast

What does dark red blood indicate? A. oxygen-rich blood B. saltiness of blood C. pH of blood D. oxygen-poor blood

D. oxygen-poor blood

The __________ is the fluid portion of the blood. A. buffy coat B. hematocrit C. hemoglobin D. plasma

D. plasma

The majority of whole blood is __________. A. erythrocytes B. platelets C. leukocytes D. plasma

D. plasma

Which of the following is not a distribution function of blood? A. transport of metabolic wastes from cells B. transport of hormones to their target organs C. delivery of oxygen to body cells D. transport of salts to maintain blood volume

D. transport of salts to maintain blood volume

________ are large phagocytic white cells that spend most of their time outside the blood as fixed and free phagocytic cells. A) Neutrophils B) Eosinophils C) Basophils D) Lymphocytes E) Monocytes

E) Monocytes

When a person who lives at sea level vacations in the Rocky Mountains, you would expect A) a drop in oxygen levels. B) the release of erythropoietin. C) a rise in hematocrit. D) an increase in red blood cell production. E) All of the answers are correct.

E) all of the answers are correct

The most numerous WBC's in a differential count of healthy individual are: a) neutrophils b) basophils c)lymphocytes d) monocytes e) leukocytes

Neutrophils

Surgical removal of the stomach could cause?

Pernicious Anemia

The chief difference between plasma and interstitial fluid involves the concentration of ?

Proteins

All the circulating red blood cells in an adult originate in the:

Red Bone Marrow

In Adults, the only site of red blood cell production, and the primary site of white blood cell formation is the?

Red Bone Marrow

Whole Blood testing in a clinical laboratory is usually collected from the________?

Superficial Vein

[T/F] All lymphocytes are leukocytes, but not all leukocytes are lymphocytes.

TRUE

[T/F] Granulocytes called neutrophils are phagocytic and are the most numerous of all white blood cell types.

TRUE

[T/F] Hemorrhagic anemias result from blood loss.

TRUE

[T/F] Leukemia refers to cancerous conditions involving white blood cells.

TRUE

[T/F] Leukopenia is an abnormally low number of leukocytes.

TRUE

[T/F] Positive chemotaxis is a feedback system that signals leukocyte migration into damaged areas.

TRUE

[T/F] White blood cells are produced through the action of colony-stimulating factors.

TRUE

More than 95 percent of the protein in the red blood cell is _______________

Hemoglobin

The most numerous white blood cells in peripheral circulation are the A) neutrophils. B) eosinophils. C) basophils. D) lymphocytes. E) monocytes.

A) neutrophils

White blood cells that are increased in allergic individuals are the : a) neutrophils b) eosinophils c) platelets d) lymphocytes e) monocytes

B) Eosinophils

Eileen is a strict vegan and therefore eats no animal products. She develops an anemia that her doctor thinks is caused by a nutritional deficiency. Which of the following is the likeliest candidate? A) iron deficiency B) vitamin B12 deficiency C) lack of intrinsic factor D) vitamin K deficiency E) vitamin B6 deficiency

B) Lack of B12 deficiency

[T/F] Myelocytic leukemia involves a cancerous condition of lymphocytes.

FALSE

[T/F] Myeloid stem cells give rise to all leukocytes.

FALSE

[T/F] The normal RBC "graveyard" is the liver.

FALSE

[T/F] The primary source of RBCs in the adult human being is the bone marrow in the shafts of the long bones.

FALSE

Which of the following is NOT a formed element of the blood? A. antibodies B. platelets C. leukocytes D. erythrocytes

A. antibodies

Which type of leukocyte is responsible for antibody production? A. lymphocytes B. monocytes C. basophils D. eosinophils

A. lymphocytes

The most abundant leukocytes are __________. A. neutrophils B. lymphocytes C. monocytes D. basophils

A. neutrophils

An abnormal excess of erythrocytes is called __________. A. polycythemia B. leukocytosis C. sickle-cell anemia D. thalassemia

A. polycythemia

Platelet formation is regulated by __________. A. thrombopoietin B. erythropoietin C. plasmin D. interleukin-2

A. thrombopoietin

The first step in hemostasis is __________. A. vascular spasm B. platelet plug formation C. fibrin production D. coagulation

A. vascular spasm

Which of the following is NOT a functional characteristic of leukocytes? A. positive chemotaxis B. leukocytosis C. diapedesis D. amoeboid motion

B. leukocytosis

Which of the following would not be a possible cause of sickling of red blood cells in someone with sickle-cell anemia? A. travel at high altitude B. sleeping in a well-ventilated room C. malaria and travel at high altitude D. vigorous exercise

B. sleeping in a well-ventilated room

Hemostasis leads to __________. A. heme production B. stoppage of bleeding C. white blood cell production D. red blood cell production

B. stoppage of bleeding

Choose the statement that is true concerning hemoglobin. A. It is found in the plasma portion of blood. B. can bind a maximum of three oxygen molecules. C. It is composed of four protein chains and four heme groups. D. When hemoglobin is not bound to oxygen, it appears blue.

C. It is composed of four protein chains and four heme groups.

When we take anti-histamines, we are countering the effects of which type of leukocyte? A. neutrophils B. eosinophils C. basophils D. lymphocytes

C. basophils

When a person has an acute bacterial infection, such as meningitis or appendicitis, which type of leukocyte increases in number? A. lymphocytes B. basophils C. neutrophils D. eosinophils

C. neutrophils

In adults, red blood cell production occurs in __________. A. the liver B. the thymus C. red bone marrow D. yellow bone marrow

C. red bone marrow

Bilirubin is cleared from the body by __________. A. the pancreas B. the kidneys C. the liver D. the spleen

C. the liver

Which of the formed elements contains hemoglobin and transports respiratory gases? A. agranular leukocytes B. platelets C. granular leukocytes D. erythrocytes

D. erythrocytes

What do the lymphoid stem cells give rise to? A. granulocytes B. monocytes C. erythrocytes D. lymphocytes

D. lymphocytes

Which of the following is not a structural characteristic that contributes to erythrocyte gas transport functions? A. hemoglobin containing-sack B. produces energy anaerobically C. biconcave shape D. mitotically active

D. mitotically active

On a blood smear slide prepared using Wright's stain, you observe a large cell with a U-shaped nucleus and pale blue cytoplasm. This cell is most likely a(n) __________. A. eosinophil B. lymphocyte C. basophil D. monocyte

D. monocyte

A lack of intrinsic factor, leading to a deficiency of vitamin B12 and causing an appearance of large pale cells called macrocytes, is characteristic of ________. A. sickle-cell anemia B. aplastic anemia C. polycythemia D. pernicious anemia

D. pernicious anemia

Most of the iron that is removed from degraded hemoglobin is A) excreted by the kidneys. B) excreted by the liver. C) excreted by the intestines. D) recycled to the red bone marrow. E) stored in yellow bone marrow

D) Recycled by the red bone marrow

Blood type is identified primarily by A) the Kahn blood group. B) the HB blood system. C) the Rh blood group. D) both the ABO and Rh blood groups. E) the ABO blood group

D) both the ABO and RH blood groups

which organ secretes most of the plasma proteins?

Liver

The most abundant component of the plasma is :

Water

When checking the efficiency of gas exchange , it may be necessary to draw a blood sample from?

An Artery

a typical adult hematocrit is

45

The total Volume of blood in the body of a 76 kg man is approximately_______ liters

5.3 Liters

The function of the Hemoglobin is to _______ a) carry dissolved blood gases b)carry bicarbonate c)aid in the process of blood clotting d)Produce antibodies e)stimulate erythropoiesis

A) Carry dissolved blood gases

Which of the following statements does not describe blood? A. Blood carries body cells to injured areas for repair B. Blood varies from bright red to a dark red color. C. Blood pH is normally between 7.34 7.45. D. Blood is denser and more viscous than water.

A. Blood carries body cells to injured areas for repair

The plasma protein that is the major contributor to osmotic pressure is ________. A. albumin B. alpha globulin C. gamma globulin D. fibrinogen

A. albumin

Which plasma constituent is the main contributor to osmotic pressure? A. albumin B. fibrinogen C. beta globulins D. alpha globulins

A. albumin

Athletes who choose to use industry-produced EPO as a performance-enhancing drug to increase the effects of their naturally-produced EPO, will experience ______. A. decreased production of EPO by their kidneys B. decreased erythropoiesis C. decreased reticulocyte counts D. None of the listed responses is correct.

A. decreased production of EPO by their kidneys

Which of the following might trigger erythropoiesis? A. hypoxia of EPO-producing cells B. decreased tissue demand for oxygen C. moving to a lower altitude D. an increased number of RBCs

A. hypoxia of EPO-producing cells

Complications of aplastic anemia generally do not include ________. A. increase of leukocytes as a result of erythrocyte loss B. impaired formation of all formed elements C. suppressed immunity D. bleeding disorders

A. increase of leukocytes as a result of erythrocyte loss

No visible cytoplasmic granules are present in ________. A. monocytes B. basophils C. neutrophils D. eosinophils

A. monocytes

Which of the following is a protective function of blood? A. prevention of blood loss B. maintenance of adequate fluid volume C. maintenance of normal pH in body tissue D. maintenance of body temperature

A. prevention of blood loss

James has a hemoglobin measurement of 16 g/100 ml blood. This is ________. A. within the normal range B. abnormally low C. above normal D. normal only if James is an infant

A. within the normal range

The most abundant proteins in plasma are:

Albumin

Which Plasma protein transports fatty acids and some hormones?

Albumin

What is hematocrit a measure of? A. Hematocrit is the percentage of leukocytes and platelets in a whole blood sample. B. Hematocrit is the percentage of erythrocytes in a whole blood sample. C. Hematocrit is the percentage of formed elements in a whole blood sample. D. Hematocrit is the percentage of plasma in a whole blood sample.

B. Hematocrit is the percentage of erythrocytes in a whole blood sample.

Which of the following is true about blood plasma? A. It contains about 20 dissolved components. B. It is about 90% water. C. The main protein component is hemoglobin. D. It is the same as serum but without the clotting proteins.

B. It is about 90% water.

Which ABO blood type is considered to be the universal donor? A. B B. O C. AB D. A

B. O

Which of the following does NOT stimulate erythrocyte production? A. erythropoietin B. hyperventilating C. a drop in normal blood oxygen levels D. testosterone

B. hyperventilating

All of the following can be expected with polycythemia except ________. A. high hematocrit B. low blood viscosity C. high blood pressure D. increased blood volume

B. low blood viscosity

Which leukocyte functions in phagocytizing bacteria? A. eosinophil B. neutrophil C. basophil D. lymphocyte

B. neutrophil

Which of the following is correctly matched? A. hemolytic anemia: results from inadequate iron intake B. pernicious anemia: results from a vitamin B12 deficiency C. aplastic anemia: results from excessive blood loss D. hemorrhagic anemia: red blood cells rupture

B. pernicious anemia: results from a vitamin B12 deficiency

Platelets ________. A. have a life span of about 120 days B. stick to the damaged area of a blood vessel and help seal the break C. are the precursors of leukocytes D. have multiple nuclei

B. stick to the damaged area of a blood vessel and help seal the break

Bill wants to determine his blood type, so he takes a few drops of blood from a puncture wound in his finger and mixes it with various antisera. His bloodcells agglutinate when mixed with the anti-A sera but not with the anti-B or anti-D sera. This means A) Bill could receive type B-negative blood in a transfusion. B) Bill could donate blood to an individual with type O blood. C) Bill is Rh positive. D) Bill's plasma contains B antibodies. E) Bill's red blood cells contain the O surface antigen.

Bill's plasma contains B antibodies.

The average life span of a red blood cell is : a) 24 hours b) 1 month c) 4 months d) about 1 year e) many years

C) 4 months

______ is a condition in which the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is reduced. a) polycythemia b)leukemia c)anemia d) leukopenia e) thrombocytopenia

C) Anemia

Which of the following is NOT one of the formed elements of blood?

C) Antibodies

White blood cells that release histamine at the site of an injury are A) neutrophils. B) eosinophils. C) basophils. D) lymphocytes. E) monocytes.

C) Basophils

An obstruction in blood flow to the kidneys would ultimately result in A) pernicious anemia. B) renal anemia. C) increased erythropoiesis. D) decreased erythropoiesis. E) increased sensitivity to vitamin K.

C) Increased Erythropoiesis

Each Heme ring in the Hemoglobin encloses an atom of _________ a) magnesium b) calcium c) iron d)sodium e) copper

C) Iron

In adults, erythropoiesis exclusively takes place in A) the liver. B) yellow bone marrow. C) red bone marrow. D) the spleen. E) lymphoid tissue.

C) Red Bone Marrow

The disease sickle cell anemia is an example of what can happen if :

C) a gene for adult hemoglobin is abnormal.

What is the average normal pH range of blood? A. 4.65-4.75 B. 7.75-7.85 C. 7.35-7.45 D. 8.35-8.45

C. 7.35-7.45

Pernicious anemia is cause by the lack of intrinsic factor is specially treated by: a) oral dose of iron b) injections of iron c) oral doses of vitamin B12 d) injections of vitamin B12 e) blood transfusion

D) Injections of vitamin B12

Choose the compatible transfusion. A. Donate type AB blood to a recipient with type B blood. B. Donate type B blood to a recipient with type O blood. C. Donate type O blood to a recipient with type AB blood. D. Donate type A blood to a recipient with type B blood.

C. Donate type O blood to a recipient with type AB blood.

Which of the following represents a difference between extrinsic and intrinsic blood clotting pathways? A. One leads to the production of prothrombin activator and the other does not. B. One involves calcium ions while the other does not. C. One is faster than the other. D. One is triggered by tissue damage while the other cannot be triggered by tissue damage.

C. One is faster than the other.

Select the incorrect statement regarding blood cell formation. A. Lymphocytes are formed from lymphoblasts. B. Erythrocytes are formed from normoblasts. C. Platelets are formed from myeloblasts. D. Eosinophils are formed from myeloblasts,

C. Platelets are formed from myeloblasts.

Which of the following is characteristic of all leukocytes? A. They are phagocytic. B. They are the most numerous of the formed elements in blood. C. They are nucleated. D. They have cytoplasmic granules.

C. They are nucleated.

During erythroblastosis fetalis, a Rh- mother's anti-Rh antibodies that have crossed the placenta will cause agglutination of the fetus's Rh+ RBCs. However, the reverse problem never happens when a Rh+ mother is pregnant with a Rh- fetus, that is, antibodies produced by the fetus cannot cause agglutination of the mother's Rh+ RBCs. This is true because ______. A. agglutinins are physically too large to pass across the placenta B. fetal antibodies are immature and non-functional C. antibodies that can cause this agglutination are not produced by a fetus D. the placenta is a barrier that prevents the passage of all antigens

C. antibodies that can cause this agglutination are not produced by a fetus

Which of the following is not a functional characteristic of WBCs? A. ameboid motion B. positive chemotaxis C. granulosis D. diapedesis

C. granulosis

Which of the following is NOT a function of blood? A. distribution B. regulation C. hormone production D. protection

C. hormone production

What organ in the body regulates erythrocyte production? A. pancreas B. liver C. kidney D. brain

C. kidney

In a cancer patient undergoing chemotherapy, the decision to utilize a CSF capable of specifically stimulating the production of only the granular leukocytes would require that the CSF acts exclusively on ______. A. lymphoid stem cells B. myeloid stem cells C. myeloblasts D. lymphoblasts

C. myeloblasts

Blood reticulocyte counts provide information regarding ________. A. clotting ability of the blood B. rate of platelet formation C. rate of erythrocyte formation D. WBC ability to defend the body against disease

C. rate of erythrocyte formation

In a centrifuged sample of blood, what makes up the buffy coat? A. plasma B. red blood cells C. white blood cells and platelets D. platelets only

C. white blood cells and platelets

The function of red blood cells is to A) carry oxygen from the cells to the lungs. B) carry carbon dioxide from the lungs to the body's cells. C) carry nutrients from the digestive system to the body's cells. D) defend the body against infectious organisms. E) carry oxygen to the cells and then carry away carbon dioxide.

E) carry oxygen to the cells and then carry away carbon dioxide

Aged and damaged erythrocytes are broken down by macrophages in the ______ a) spleen b) liver c) bone marrow d) digestive tract e) spleen, liver, red bone marrow

E) spleen , Liver, Red bone marrow

red blood cell production is regulated by the hormone:

Erythropoietin

[T/F] Basophils increase in number when parasitic invasion occurs.

FALSE

[T/F] Diapedesis is the process by which red blood cells move into tissue spaces from the interior of blood capillaries.

FALSE

[T/F] Each hemoglobin molecule can transport two molecules of oxygen.

FALSE

[T/F] Hemoglobin is made up of the protein heme and the red pigment globin.

FALSE

[T/F] Leukocytes move through the circulatory system by amoeboid motion.

FALSE

Excess Iron is store in the live and spleen as____

Hemosidren and ferritin

Mary is tested for the amount of hemoglobin in her blood. The test results indicate that her hemoglobin level is 16 g/dL of blood. This value indicates that A) she is suffering from anemia. B) she has fewer red blood cells than normal. C) her hematocrit is probably lower than normal. D) she may be suffering from a form of leukemia. E) her hemoglobin level is normal

Her Hemoglobin Level is normal

Plasma is the closest in composition to?

Interstitial Fluid