BLY Exam 1 Review Questions

An enclosing? allows organelles to regulate the types and amounts of substances that enter and exit capsule membrane coating wall

membrane

Which of the following molecules is nonpolar? sodium chloride (NaCl) water (H2O) ammonia (NH3) molecular hydrogen (H2)

molecular hydrogen (H2)

carbon can form bond(s) with up to? other atoms. (carbon has a atomic number of 6) 1 2 3 4 8

4

when telomeres get too short, the gene product p53 does which of the following? speeds up the cell cycle shifts the cell cycle to the S phase causes the cell to implode halts the cell cycle

halts the cell cycle

select which type of bond the following image illustrates ionic hydrogen nonploar covalent polar covalent

nonploar covalent

In which organelle are proteins modified (this is the site of initial modification) mitochondria chloroplasts rough endoplasmic reticulum vesicles

rough endoplasmic reticulum

two atoms of Fluorine that form an atomic bond will share? pair(s) of electrons. (Fluorine has an atomic number of 9) 1 2 4 8

1

A parent cell with 200 chromosomes that complete mitosis and cytoplasmic division will produce ____ cells with ____ chromosomes in each of the daughter nuclei 2100 2200 4100 4200

2200

_____ is the copying process that ensures the continuity of genetic information from one generation to the next DNA replication transcription translation RNA replication

DNA replication

For this reaction: 6CO2 + 6H2O --> C6H12O6 + 6O2, the products have 2760 kj/mole more free energy that the reactants. So, which of the following statements best describes the reaction? -The reaction is endergonic because it converts molecules with less free energy to those with more free energy -The reaction is endergonic because it converts molecules with more free energy to those with less free energy -The reaction is exergonic because it converts molecules with less free energy to those with more free energy -The reaction is exergonic because it converts molecules with more free energy to those with less free energy

The reaction is endergonic because it converts molecules with less free energy to those with more free energy

Prokaryotes were characterized as being single-celled and lacking? a cell membrane cytoplasm a nucleus a cell wall

a nucleus

during transcription, uracil pairs with ___ ribose adenine cytosine thymine guanine

adenine

Mutations in the gene can cause changes in the ___ of the protein, thereby altering its function amino acid sequence carbohydrate sequence promoter nucleotide sequence

amino acid sequence

Information about the same traits are carried on? nucleosomes autosomes proteosomes sex chromosomes

autosomes

Which structure is indicated in the figure? hydroxyl group variable group amine group carboxyl

carboxyl group

a karyotype is an image of _____ from a single cell base sequences chromosomes proteins clones

chromosomes

which property of water allows insects to walk on the surface? a high solubility resistance to temperature change expansion upon freezing cohesion

cohesion

Observation about the world: A new workout dietary supplement comes on the market that claims to improve the results of your strength-training workout. Hypothesis: the workout dietary supplements increases muscle mass. which of the following hypothetical situations correctly tests the prediction listed above and includes both an experimental and control group? -collect a group of 40 volunteers who workout regularly. give half of them the workout dietary supplement and half a fake supplement made out of sugar. the volunteers do not know which supplement they receive. make sure they all perform the same workout regimen. after a period of time, determine which group has the highest average gain in muscle - collect a group of 40 volunteers who workout regularly. give them all the workout dietary supplement and determine if it greatly improves the amount of muscle mass they develop over time -start taking the workout dietary supplement as part of your regular workout. see if it greatly improves the amount of muscle mass you develop - collect a group of 40 volunteers who do not workout regularly. give them all the workout dietary supplement and determine if it greatly improves the amount of muscle mass they develop over time

collect a group of 40 volunteers who workout regularly. give half of them the workout dietary supplement and half a fake supplement made out of sugar. the volunteers do not know which supplement they receive. make sure they all perform the same workout regimen. after a period of time, determine which group has the highest average gain in muscle

which term describes the collection of all populations living in the same area? ecosystem community biosphere organism population

community

Grass growing in a field is eaten by a deer. Later on, the deer dies and its body is decomposed, in part, by bacteria. In this scenario, which organism(s) are consumers? grass only deer only bacteria only grass and bacteria deer and bacteria

deer and bacteria

Organic molecules that increase that rate of chemical reactions are called enzymes metabolites denaturating agents hydocarbons prions

enzymes

A CHLORIDE ION has an unpaired electron true false

false

the shell model of an atom is like a building where each shell is represented by different? rooms stairs floors elevators

floors

which sugar would you use to generate immediate energy in an animal cell? ribose deoxyribose sucrose glucose glycogen

glucose

Common monosaccharides have a backbone of five or six carbon atoms and two or more? carboxyl (-COOH) amine (-NH2) sulfhydryl (-SH) hydroxyl (-OH)

hydroxyl (-OH)

In eukaryotes, aerobic respiration occurs inside which organelle? this organelle is the powerhouse of the cell that generates energy endoplasmic reticulum golgi bobies nucleus mitochondrion

mitochondrion

This organelle directs call processes by providing DNA instructions. It is surrounded by its own membrane and is covered with pores. cytoplasm mitochondria plasma membrane nucleus

nucleus

which of the following would most likely be insoluble in water? sodium ion salt sugar oil

oil

The accompanying figure shows the formation of a(n) _____ bond between two____. covalent; monomers peptide; amino acids ionic; nucleotides covalent; monosaccharides peptide; nucleotides

peptide; amino acids

which lipids make up most of the cell membrane? unsaturated fats steroids waxes phospholipids saturated fats

phospholipids

a molecule that consists of repeated monomers is a? simple sugar polymer fatty acid amino acid

polymer

All atoms of a given element contain the same number of ____. ions protons only neutrons only electrons and neutrons protons and neutrons

protons only

Which of the following molecules is made from cholesterol? linoleic acid testosterone stearic acid phospholipid

testosterone

Organisms designated as producers usually obtain their energy from _____. other producers dead consumers decomposers the environment themselves

the environment

the _____ molecule in the accompanying figure contains ____ triglyceride; two unsaturated and one saturated fatty acid triglyceride; two saturated and one unsaturated fatty acid phospholipid; three phosphate groups and three fatty acids steroid; glycerol bound to three fatty acids phospholipid; three trans fatty acids

triglyceride; two unsaturated and one saturated fatty acid

what is the most abundant and richest source of energy in vertebrate bodies? starch steroids triglycerides waxes phospholipids

triglycerides

Atoms with no vacancies in their electron shells tend to be the most stable true false

true

Substances that dissolve easily in water are hydrophilic true false

true

Water does not interact with hydrophobic substances true false

true

You are developing a new diet drug and get a volunteer to try it out. After a few months of taking your drug, he has lost quite a lot of weight. you conclude that the drug must work and decide to rush it to market. Although this seemed like a decent observational study at first glance, you later discover that the data you collected did not provide a full picture of the situation. This means that the conclusion you reached was flawed due to sampling error. true false

true

which of the following statements is/are TRUE regarding Mercury? Mercury tends to bioaccumulate in the smallest fish in the ocean Mercury can damage the nervous system, brain, kidneys, and other organs Methylmecury can be removed by cooking two of the above three of the above

two of the above

science does not address questions such as how do dolphins communicate with each other? When does the eucalyptus tree flower? why does a dog howl? what happens when slugs enter a salty soil?

why does a dog howl?

Nat Geo Explorer Kristofer Helgen's search for undiscovered species plunges him into the wild on almost every continent. Yet about three times as many new finds are made? in slow moving streams in the homes of retired archaeologists at the top of mountains within the walls of museums

within the walls of museums