BMET 108 Quiz 1

Expansion Bus

Allows for the addition of new hardware to a computer system

Storage

Allows for the storage of inputs and/or their resulting outputs as well as the transfer of information

Four steps of processes of computing

Input, Processing, Output, Storage

Zero Insertion Force (ZIF)

Makes installation of a CPU easier and prevents CPU damage at installation

virtualization

Running more than one computer system within a single unit using the same hardware

Cache

SRAM that pre-loads as many instructions as possible and keeps copies of frequently used instructions

Parity storage operation

Stores either a 1 or a 0 in the parity bit depending on if there was an odd or even number of 1s

Four basic computer componants

System Unit, CPU, Random Access Memory (RAM), Hard Drive

Input

Take an input in any form from the outside world (keyboard, microphone, mouse, etc...)

Multicore processing

Technique using more than one CPU on a chip to operate a computer.

Device drivers

Tells the operating system how to interact with any expansion card

Before Video Test

Test CPU, RAM, video card; displayed with beeps

Sag protection

Uninterruptable Power Supply (UPS) devices supply AC power during power sags or outages through the use of a battery backup system

HD15 (VGA)

Used to connect a video device such as a monitor analog signal = degraded signal quality over longer distances

Hot - Swappable

can be inserted or removed without a system unit restart

HDMI

carries both sound and video on one cable

Static RAM

doesn't need to be refreshed, faster than DRAM, more expensive, made of MOSFETS and flip flops

USB 3.0

maximum speed of 5Gbps (typically differentiated by a blue insert)

ATX

most common form factor

Dynamic RAM

must be refreshed, less expensive, made of MOSFETS and capacitors

ATX standard

provides +5, -5, +12, -12, and +3V

Clock Chip

provides a signal to the CPU telling it that it is time to read an instruction and perform an operation and determines the speed at which the CPU performs tasks

Partitioning

subdividing a physical drive into one or more units

Device Driver

File that tells the operating system how to interface with a piece of hardware

Micro ATX

Fits into standard ATX cases as well as smaller specialized micro ATX cases

Hard drives three basic parts

Individual discs called platters Read/Write heads An actuator arm controlled by a motor

wait state

A time where the CPU pipeline is stalled waiting on RAM or data or instruction

RG-6

Commonly used for cable television and internet cable modern connections

DisplayPort

Connect a video source to a display device, but can also carry audio, USB or other forms of data

Latency

Delay in response time to a request to read/write data from/to RAM

RJ-45

Ethernet connector/Jack

Standard set of peripherals

Monitor Keyboard Mouse Speakers Printer

Processing

Performing an action with the input

2 connections required for a standard SATA HDD

Power Cable SATA controller cable for data Can be used for other non-hard drive components such as optical drives

Basic Input Output services (BIOS)

Programs that instruct the CPU how to perform various basic functions such as booting and also provides instructions to the CPU on how to communicate with the basic hardware of the system

Output

Providing the result of an action performed with an input back to the outside world

Multi-Channel Architecture

RAM is required to be installed in matched sets a. Technology b. Capacity c. Speed d. Latency On boards with 4 or more slots, RAM must be put into paired slots that are usually color coded

PCI Express (PCIe)

The latest, fastest, and most popular expansion bus in use today.