Boat ed - study / test/ quizzes

You see a white marker with an orange crossed diamond and black lettering. What does this marker tell you? 1)mooring area 2)keep out 3)PWC only 4)good fishing area

2)Exclusion Area: Crossed diamonds indicate areas off limits to all boats, such as swimming areas, dams, and spillways.

You see a white marker with an orange diamond and black lettering. What does this marker tell you? 1) no PWC allowed 2)good fishing area 3) information or directions 4) danger or hazard

4) Danger Area: Diamonds warn of dangers such as rocks, shoals, construction, dams, or stumps. Always proceed with caution and keep a safe distance. Never assume that every hazard will be marked by a buoy.

Vessel engaged in fishing

: Any vessel fishing with nets, lines, trawls, or other fishing equipment that restricts maneuverability; however, this does not include a vessel fishing with trolling lines or other fishing equipment that does not restrict maneuverability

vessel

: Every kind of watercraft capable of being used as a means of transportation on water, including seaplanes

restricted visibility

Any condition in which visibility is restricted by fog, mist, falling snow, heavy rainstorms, sandstorms, or any other similar causes

Risk of collision:

Any situation when an approaching vessel continues on a collision course (the bearing of the approaching vessel does not change), or anytime you are approaching a very large vessel

risk of collision

Any situation when an approaching vessel continues on a collision course (the bearing of the approaching vessel does not change), or when you are approaching a very large vessel

If operating a power-driven vessel, you must give way to:

Any vessel not under command, such as an anchored or disabled vessel Any vessel restricted in its ability to maneuver, such as a vessel towing, laying cable, or picking up navigation markers, or a vessel constrained by its draft, such as a large ship in a channel A vessel engaged in commercial fishing A sailing vessel, unless it is overtaking If operating a sailing vessel, you must give way to: Any vessel not under command Any vessel restricted in its ability to maneuver A vessel engaged in commercial fishing

Power-driven vessel:

Any vessel propelled by machinery, including a sailboat using an engine

Sailing vessel:

Any vessel under sail and with no engine in use

You are docking your boat. The current is pushing you toward the dock. What is the best way to dock? Shut off the engine. Let your momentum carry you in. Approach at a sharp angle (about 40 degrees). Approach at a narrow angle (about 20 degrees). Approach parallel to the dock. Let the current push you in.

Approach parallel to the dock. Let the current push you in.

Docking With Wind or Current Toward the Dock coming from bottom left

Approach slowly, parallel to the dock. Let the wind or current carry your boat to the dock. Shift into gear briefly if you need to adjust position. Secure the bow and stern lines.

Docking With No Wind or Current

Approach the dock slowly at a narrow angle (about 20 degrees). When close enough, have a passenger step on shore and secure the bow line. Swing the stern in with a line or boat hook, and secure it.

Docking With Wind or Current Away From the Dock coming form top right

Approach the dock slowly at a sharp angle (about 40 degrees). Use reverse to stop when close to the dock. Secure the bow line. Put the boat in forward gear briefly, and slowly turn the steering wheel hard away from the dock—this will swing in the stern. Secure the stern line.

When approaching the lock:

Be aware that commercial traffic always has priority over recreational boats. Wait at least 400 feet away from the lock for the flashing light signal to enter the lock. Alert the lock attendant that you wish to go through the lock. You can sound one prolonged blast followed by one short blast of your boat's sound-producing device. You also may contact the lock attendant using your VHF marine radio, but never interrupt commercial communication. Enter the lock only after you've been signaled to enter by the lock's traffic lights or by the lock attendant. Otherwise, stay well clear of the lock.

Locks Review Locks

By learning how to use locks, you will have a host of new opportunities for pleasure boating on the rivers of North America. Lock attendants are present at most locks to help you through safely. A series of dams on a river help maintain enough water depth to allow river traffic to operate year-round. As a result of a dam, there will be two levels of water at the dam site; one level above the dam and a different one below. Locks safely transport boats from one water level to another, like an elevator. When approaching the lock: A boat approaches a lock. Be aware that commercial traffic always has priority over recreational boats. Wait at least 400 feet away from the lock for the signal to enter the lock. Flashing red light means stay well clear of the lock and do not enter. Allow plenty of room for boats to exit the lock. Flashing amber light means approach the lock at a safe speed and under full control. Flashing green light means enter the lock. Alert the lock attendant that you wish to go through the lock. You can sound one prolonged blast followed by one short blast of your boat's whistle. You also may contact the lock attendant using your VHF marine radio on Channel 13, but never interrupt commercial communication. Enter the lock only after you've been signaled to enter by the lock's traffic lights or by the lock attendant. Otherwise, stay well clear of the lock. The rear gate opens and vessels enter the lock. The gate closes and the water level adjusts. The water rises to match the level beyond the lock, and the boat rises along with it. The front gate opens and vessels exit the lock. When using locks, boaters should: Have fenders and at least 100 feet of rope to use in securing your boat inside the lock. Follow the lock attendant's instructions and proceed slowly. Avoid passing another boat when inside the lock, unless directed to do so by the lock attendant. Wait for the lock attendant's signal to exit the lock.

Casting Off With Wind or Current Toward the Dock coming from the left

Cast off the stern line. Move and secure the bow line to a mid-boat position on the dock. Make sure fenders are in place on the bow. Put the boat into forward gear briefly, and turn the steering wheel hard toward the dock. Increase speed slowly until the stern is well clear of the dock. Cast off the bow line. Back out slowly until you have room to shift into forward and turn away from the dock.

Class A Class 1 Class 2 Class 3

Class A Less than 16 feet Class 1 16 feet to less than 26 feet Class 2 26 feet to less than 40 feet Class 3 40 feet to less than 65 feet

fender

Cushioning device placed between vessels or between a vessel and a dock to prevent damage

draft

Depth of water needed to float a vessel

steering nozzle

Device used for directing the stream of water to the left or right at the stern of the PWC, which steers the PWC

impeller

Device used to pump and force water under pressure through a steering nozzle at the rear of the vessel

windward

Direction from which the wind is blowing, or upwind. Windward vessel refers to the vessel that is upwind of the other

leeward

Direction toward which the wind is blowing, or downwind. Leeward vessel refers to the vessel that is downwind of the other

Multi-Hull

DisplacementHas greater stability because of its wide beam.Needs a large area when turning.

Round-Bottomed hall

DisplacementMoves easily through the water even at slow speeds.Has a tendency to roll unless it has a deep keel or stabilizers.

Evaporating gasoline creates vapors or fumes that are heavier than air. These fumes settle to the bottom of the boat where they could explode if enclosed areas, such as the bilge, are not ventilated properly to remove fumes.

Evaporating gasoline creates vapors or fumes that are heavier than air. These fumes settle to the bottom of the boat where they could explode if enclosed areas, such as the bilge, are not ventilated properly to remove fumes.

Flat-Bottomed

Flat-Bottomed Hull Planing Has a shallow draft, which is good for fishing in small lakes and rivers .Rides roughly in choppy waters.

Anchoring Your Boat

Follow these steps to anchor your boat. Select an area to anchor with plenty of room. Ideally, it should be a well-protected area with adequate water depth and a sandy or muddy bottom. Head slowly into the wind or current to a position upwind or upcurrent of where you actually want to end up. When you are at that position, stop the boat and slowly lower the anchor over the bow to the bottom. Never anchor from the stern as this can cause the boat to swamp. The square stern may be hit by waves, and water will splash into the boat. The motor's weight will add to this problem. Slowly back the boat away downwind or downcurrent. Let out about seven to ten times as much anchor line as the depth of the water, depending on the wind strength and wave size. Tie off the line around a bow cleat, and pull on the anchor line to make sure the anchor is set. After anchoring, take visual sightings of onshore objects or buoys in the water to help you know where your boat is positioned. While at anchor, recheck these sightings frequently to make sure the anchor is not dragging. Periodically check connecting knots on your anchor line. When possible, use splices instead of knots. Knots weaken a line more than splices.

Float Plan for Extended Outings

For extended outings on the water, leave a float plan with a relative or friend, or at least a local marina. You should leave a float plan that: Describes the vessel, including its registration number, length, make, horsepower, and engine type. Includes the description and license plate of the tow vehicle and trailer. Gives the number of passengers, their names and addresses, and a contact in case of emergency. States where you are going, the detailed route, your planned departure time, and your expected return time. Include the location of all stopping points, dates, and times. Gives the phone number for local authorities in case you fail to return when expected. If boating on waters under U.S. Coast Guard jurisdiction, give the phone number of the U.S. Coast Guard.

Float Plan for Short Outings

For shorter daytime outings on the water, at a minimum you should: Contact a responsible person before you go out and tell him or her where you will be boating and when you plan to return. Give your contact the phone number for local authorities in case you fail to return when expected. Contact this person again when you return or if you decide to extend your time out on the water.

bow

Front of a vessel

Deep Vee Hull

Hull Planning gives a smoother ride than a flat-bottomed hull in rough water. Takes more power to move at the same speed as flat-bottomed hulls. May roll or bank in sharp turns.

upcurrent

In the direction that is against the current

upstream

In the direction that is against the current

upwind

In the direction that is against the wind

downcurrent

In the direction the current is flowing

downwind

In the direction the wind is blowing

bilge

Interior of the hull below the floorboards; lowest part of a vessel's interior where the sides of the vessel curve in to form the bottom

While filling the fuel tank:

Keep the nozzle of the fuel-pump hose in solid contact with the tank opening to prevent producing a static spark. Use caution and fill the tank slowly to avoid spilling fuel into the boat's bilge or into the water. Use an oil-absorbent pad to catch drips or spills. Never fill a tank to the brim—leave room for fuel to expand. Wipe up any spilled fuel, and properly dispose of the used paper towels or rags on shore.

port

Left side of a vessel

tiller

Lever used to turn a rudder to steer a boat

sheets

Lines (ropes) used to control the angle of the sails to the wind

halyards

Lines (ropes) used to raise and lower the sails

Prevent Running Out of Fuel

Make sure you have enough fuel before casting off. Operating at two-thirds throttle instead of full throttle will conserve fuel. The following rule will help prevent running out of fuel: One-third to get out One-third to get back One-third in reserve for emergencies

Boater's Tip

Make sure your navigation lights are working correctly, and carry extra bulbs. Use an all-round white light whenever the vessel is at anchor. Reduce speed and proceed with caution. Never be in a hurry. Be especially alert for everything in front of you. Avoid traveling alone at night; extra eyes can help you navigate. Stop if visibility is severely restricted, and use your sound signals to alert others in the area.

chart

Map used for navigation

steering control

Means of controlling the steering nozzle

cleat

Metal fitting on which a rope can be fastened

Retrieving an Anchor

Move the boat directly over the anchor while pulling in the line. Pulling the anchor straight up should break it free. If the anchor is stuck, turn your boat in a large circle while keeping the anchor line pulled tight. When the anchor breaks loose, stop the boat and retrieve the anchor. Never drag the anchor behind the boat.

Non-lateral markers are navigation aids that give information other than the edges of safe water areas. The most common are regulatory markers that are white and use orange markings and black lettering. They are found on lakes and rivers. Other markers use vertical or horizontal stripes.

Non-Lateral Markers

Underway:

Not anchored, tied to shore, or aground

Calculating Your Boat's Capacity

Number of people = (boat length (ft.) × boat width (ft.))÷15

Prolonged blasts

One prolonged blast at intervals of not more than two minutes is the signal used by power-driven vessels when underway. One prolonged blast plus two short blasts at intervals of not more than two minutes is the signal used by sailing vessels. Sound signals are used to warn other boaters or alert them to danger. One prolonged blast is a warning signal (for example, used when coming around a blind bend or leaving the dock). Five (or more) short, rapid blasts are used to signal danger or to signal that you do not understand or you disagree with the other boater's intentions.

intake

Opening in the hull that draws water toward the impeller

You are operating during a period of restricted visibility. What should you do? Turn your navigation lights on and off several times. Operate with caution and slow to "idle speed." Stop immediately and wait for visibility to improve. Maintain your course and speed if you are the stand-on vessel.

Operate with caution and slow to "idle speed."

Three Major Responsibilities of Every Boater Collisions can be prevented easily if every vessel operator fulfills three major responsibilities.

Practice good seamanship.It is the responsibility of every boat or personal watercraft (PWC) operator to take all necessary action to avoid a collision, taking into account the weather, vessel traffic, and limits of other vessels. Such action should be taken in ample time to avoid a collision and at a safe distance from other vessels. Keep a proper lookout.Failing to keep a sharp lookout is the most common cause of collisions. Every operator must keep a proper lookout, using both sight and hearing, at all times. Watch and listen for other vessels, radio communications, navigational hazards, and others involved in water activities. Maintain a safe speed.Safe speed is the speed that ensures you will have ample time to avoid a collision and can stop within an appropriate distance. Safe speed will vary depending on conditions such as wind, water conditions, navigational hazards, visibility, surrounding vessel traffic density, and the maneuverability of your boat or PWC. Always reduce speed and navigate with extreme caution at night and when visibility is restricted.

After fueling:

Put the fill cap on tightly to prevent vapors from escaping. Open all windows, ports, doors, and other openings. If your boat is equipped with a power ventilation system (exhaust blower), turn it on for at least four minutes before starting your engine. This will help eliminate fuel vapors in the bilge. Before starting the engine, sniff the bilge and engine compartment for fuel vapors. Continue ventilating until you cannot smell any fuel vapors. Consider installing a gas vapor detection and alarm device. Start the engine and then reload your passengers.

stern

Rear of a vessel

befor docking

Reduce speed to the minimum required to maintain steerage. Use reverse gear to bring the boat to a stop well away from the dock. Determine the wind and/or current direction while stopped by observing which way your boat drifts. If possible, make your approach into the wind or current, whichever is stronger. This will give you more control. Have bow and stern lines ready, and put boat fenders in place. Never plan to stop a moving boat with your arms or legs. When the area is clear of traffic, continue your approach.

starboard

Right side of a vessel

propeller Rotating device that turns and powers a boat forward or backward

Rotating device that turns and powers a boat forward or backward

Rules for Encountering Other Vessels

Rules for Encountering Other Vessels There are rules that every operator must follow when encountering other vessels. Two terms help explain these rules. Give-way vessel: The vessel that is required to take early and substantial action to keep well away from other vessels by stopping, slowing down, or changing course. Avoid crossing in front of other vessels. Any change of course and/or speed should be large enough to be readily apparent to another vessel. (A series of small changes should be avoided.) Stand-on vessel: The vessel that must maintain its course and speed unless it becomes apparent that the give-way vessel is not taking appropriate action. If you must take action, do not turn toward the give-way vessel or cross in front of it. The action a vessel operator should take when encountering another vessel depends on the answers to two questions. How are the two vessels propelled?Two power-driven vesselsTwo sailing vesselsA power-driven vessel and a sailing vessel How are the two vessels approaching one another?Meeting head-on: A vessel operator sees another vessel ahead or nearly aheadPaths that cross: Two vessels are on crossing paths so as to involve risk of collisionOvertaking: A vessel is coming upon another vessel from behind or nearly behind the other vessel

intake grate

Screening cover over the intake, which prevents large debris from entering

Before Leaving Home With Your Boat and Trailer

Secure the vessel on the trailer and the gear within the vessel. Secure all gear in the vessel firmly to keep it from shifting. Arrange the gear so that its weight is balanced side-to-side and front-to-back. Secure the vessel to the trailer with several tie-down straps and/or safety lines to prevent the vessel from shifting. Use extra tie-down straps in case one fails. Never trust the bow winch alone to hold your vessel onto the trailer. Put the engine or drive unit in the raised position and secure it. Attach the safety chains between the trailer and the towing vehicle, crisscrossing them under the trailer tongue. Inspect and maintain trailering equipment. Check the pressure of all tires on the towing vehicle and the trailer. Make sure you have a spare tire in good condition for both the vehicle and the trailer. Tighten the lug nuts/bolts on the wheels of both the towing vehicle and the trailer, and grease wheel bearings. Make sure that all lights and brakes on the towing vehicle and the trailer work properly. Examine tie-down straps, lines, winch, safety chains, and hitch for signs of wear. Replace or adjust as necessary.

sounds of the sea

Short blast—about one second in duration Prolonged blast—4-6 seconds in duration Sound signals can communicate a change in direction to other boaters. One short blast tells other boaters, "I intend to pass you on my port (left) side." Two short blasts tell other boaters, "I intend to pass you on my starboard (right) side." Three short blasts tell other boaters, "I am operating astern propulsion." For some vessels, this tells other boaters, "I am backing up."

safety lanyard

Short cord for attaching the engine cut-off switch (ECOS) to the operator's wrist or personal flotation device (PFD)

lanyard

Short cord used for fastening something or securing rigging; on a PWC and most powerboats, it attaches the engine cut-off switch (ECOS) to the operator's wrist or PFD

lighs

Sidelights: These red and green lights are called sidelights (also called combination lights) because they are visible to another vessel approaching from the side or head-on. The red light indicates a vessel's port (left) side; the green indicates a vessel's starboard (right) side. Sternlight: This white light is seen only from behind or nearly behind the vessel. Masthead Light: This white light shines forward and to both sides and is required on all power-driven vessels. (On power-driven vessels less than 39.4 feet in length, the masthead light and sternlight may be combined into an all-round white light; power-driven vessels 39.4 feet in length or longer must have a separate masthead light.) A masthead light must be displayed by all vessels when under engine power. The absence of this light indicates a sailing vessel because sailboats under sail display only sidelights and a sternlight. All-Round White Light: On power-driven vessels less than 39.4 feet in length, this light may be used to combine a masthead light and sternlight into a single white light that can be seen by other vessels from any direction. This light serves as an anchor light when sidelights are extinguished.

drive shaft

The long stem connection between the motor and the impeller

coupler

The part of the trailer that attaches to the ball hitch on a towing vehicle

give-way vessel

The vessel that is required to take early and substantial action to keep well away from other vessels by stopping, slowing down, or changing course

stand-on vessel

The vessel that must maintain its course and speed unless it becomes apparent that the give-way boat is not taking appropriate action; if you must take action, do not turn toward the give-way boat or cross in front of it

tides

Tides are created by the sun and moon exerting a pull on the earth. High tides and low tides are predictable, and each one normally occurs twice daily at approximately six-hour intervals.

Before beginning to fuel:

Tie the boat securely to the fuel dock. Ask all passengers to leave the boat and go onto the dock. Do not allow anyone in your group or others at the fuel dock to smoke or strike a match. Check to see that fuel lines, connections, and fuel vents are in good condition. Turn off anything that might cause a spark—engines, fans, or electrical equipment. Shut off all fuel valves and extinguish all open flames, such as galley stoves and pilot lights. Close all windows, ports, doors, and other openings to prevent fumes from entering the boat. Remove portable fuel tanks from the boat and fill them on the dock. Make sure that your fire extinguisher is within reach.

swamp

To fill with water

capsize

To turn on the side or turn completely over

aground

Touching or stuck on the bottom

How can propeller strike accidents be avoided? 1)Put the engine in gear while passengers are swimming. 2)Turn on the engine when passengers are boarding. 3)Turn off the engine when passengers are boarding. 4)Have children watch out for each other.

Turn off the engine when passengers are boarding or disembarking. Propellers should not be spinning when a passenger is in a vulnerable situation.

Cast off the bow and stern lines. winds from the right

Use an oar or boat hook to keep the boat clear of the dock. Let the wind or current carry the boat away from the dock. Once there is sufficient clearance, shift into forward gear and slowly leave the area.

transom

Vertical surface at the back of the hull

bunks

Wooden supports on which the vessel rests while on the trailer

Unit 3

You've completed the material of Unit 3 of the online boating safety course! You should now: Know what to do when encountering buoys and markers. Be able to anchor correctly. Understand the dangers inherent in boating near dams, locks, and bridges. Understand the effects of tides and currents on boats. Be able to operate a PWC safely and courteously. Know that power is required for steering control of a PWC. Understand how an ECOS works and why it should be used. Know how to avoid jet stream and propeller strike injuries.

a by 1 2 3

a 16 class 1) 10 class 2) 14 class 3)25

Be sure the anchor line is strong and long enough to anchor your boat. A good rule of thumb is that the length of the line should be at least seven to ten times the depth of the water where you are setting anchor.

acchor

Which of these would be considered a safe speed? being able to respond quickly in an emergency being able to stop within an appropriate distance being able to swerve at the last moment to avoid a collision being able to leave a wake in high winds and rough waters

being able to stop within an appropriate distance

Question 1 How do most anchors hold a recreational boat in place? by being heavy enough not to drag in a normal wind by the weight of the anchor and chain by digging into the bottom when pulled horizontally by clamping onto a rock or other object

by clamping onto a rock or other object

How does a vessel operator keep a proper lookout? by trusting an observer by watching and listening by having a large rearview mirror by looking through a telescope

by watching and listening

You are operating a powerboat at night. Your green sidelight must be visible to boats approaching from which direction(s)? head-on only port (left) only head-on and starboard (right) head-on and behind

head-on and starboard (right)

Any marker displaying a yellow triangle should be passed by keeping it on the starboard (right) side of the boat. Any marker displaying a yellow square should be passed by keeping it on the port (left) side of the boat.

icw

How are nun buoys marked? yellow with prime numbers red with even numbers gray with Roman numerals green without any numbers

red and even Nun Buoys: These cone-shaped buoys are always marked with red markings and even numbers. They mark the edge of the channel on your starboard (right) side when entering from the open sea or heading upstream.

One boat is overtaking another. Which boat should stand on? the boat being overtaken the boat creating the most wake the faster boat the larger boat

the boat being overtaken

Two boats are operating near each other. One of these boats must take early and substantial action to keep well away from the other boat. Which is the boat that must take action? the stand-on vessel the give-way vessel the larger boat the boat with fewer passengers

the give-way vessel \\

low-head dam

the most dangerous type of dam and has been named the "drowning machine." They may not be easily spotted because the top of a low-head dam can be several feet below the water's surface. Because of their small size and drop, low-head dams do not appear to be dangerous. However, water going over a low-head dam creates a strong recirculating current or backroller (sometimes referred to as the "boil") at the base of the dam. Even on small rivers, the force of the backroller can trap your boat against the face of the dam and pull you under the water—even while wearing your personal flotation device (PFD). Be aware that on large rivers or during high water, the backroller or boil may be located more than 100 feet downstream of the dam

Intracoastal Waterway (ICW) symbols are most commonly found on daymarks.

tip

Why should a vessel operator keep a proper lookout? to locate fuel to avoid collisions to stay on course to appreciate nature

to avoid collisions

When can navigation rules be overlooked? when operating less than 50 feet away from shore when necessary to avoid immediate danger in small lakes that do not have navigational aids in good visibility during the day

when necessary to avoid immediate danger

comman rule

when the approaching boat is on your left you dont have to when the approaching boat is on your right give way

What color is a marker that indicates safe water on all sides? 1)black with white dots 2)blue with yellow triangles 3)white with red vertical stripes 4) gray with black diagonal stripes

white with red vertical stripes Safe Water Markers: These are white with red vertical stripes and indicate unobstructed water on all sides. They mark mid-channels or fairways and may be passed on either side.

What should you check to decide if a speed is safe for your boat? operator's age and experience wind and water conditions vessel's capacity plate speed of other vessels

wind and water conditions