Bones and Joints of the Pelvic Girdle
Sex based on pelvic features: Ischial tuberosities
-Female pelvis: everted -Male pelvis: inverted
Sex based on pelvic features: Acetabulae
-Female pelvis: farther apart and smaller -Male pelvis: closer together and larger
Sex based on pelvic features: Coccyx
-Female pelvis: straighter, more movable -Male pelvis: curved anteriorly, mess movable
Sex based on pelvic features: Pubic arch
-Female pelvis: wide angle -Male pelvis: narrow angle
Sex based on pelvic features: Pelvic inlet shape
-Female pelvis: wider and oval-shaped -Male pelvis: narrower and heart-shaped
PUBIS
-anterior portion
Ischial ramus
-anterior side -articulates with the pubis
Pubic symphysis (symphyseal surface)
-bodies of the two pubic bones meet at a *fibrocartilage pad* called the pubic symphysis
Coxal bone
-each coxal bone is also known as the hemipelvis -3 fused bones in each: ilium, ischium, pubis
3 bones of the coxal (hip) bones
-ilium, ischium, pubis -all 3 come together to form a deep socket, called the *acetabulum*, which forms the hip joint with the femur -ischium and pubis meet to form a large hole called the *obturator foramen*, which is covered with a membrane and allows only smalll blood vessels and nerves to pass through
ILIUM
-largest of the 3 bones
Acetabulum
-lateral side -ilium, ischium, & pubis come together to form this deep socket -forms the hip joint with the femur
Iliac crest
-ridge of the ala
Orientation of the Pelvis
-sacrum: looks like a shield, smooth surface faces anterior, points inferior -coccyx: pointed beak faces inferiorly -coxal bones: large hole located at inferior aspect of bone
Coccyx
-tailbone
Pelvic Girdle
-two coxal (hip) bones connected by the public symphysis *each coxal bone: ilium, ischium, and pubis fused together -sacrum -coccyx
Sacro-iliac Joint
-where *sacrum* and *ilium* meet -joint type: gliding joint -movement: gliding movements
Obturator foramen
-where the ischium and pubis meet -covered with a membrane and allows only small blood vessels and and nerves to pass through
Greater sciatic notch
allows the greater sciatic nerve to pass from the pelvis to the thigh
ISCHIUM
makes up the posteroinferior pelvis
Iliac fossa
medial side of the ala; concave
Ischial tuberosity
on lateral side