BR - Chapter 4

Which of the following determines the appropriate analytical technique for data analysis

- management's information requirements - characteristics of the research design - nature of the data gathered

a consumer responding to a questionnaire about advertising

All of the following are examples of an observation study EXCEPT _____.

experimentation

All of the following are examples of exploratory research techniques EXCEPT _____.

selective

All of the following are types of business research EXCEPT _____.

literature review

Before designing a research study on employees' susceptibility to interpersonal influence when faced with an ethical dilemma, Cindy is searching for other studies that have addressed similar issues. This search is called a(n) _____.

focus group interview

Carol was invited to participate in a research study along with ten other employees to discuss their experiences using the company intranet. The group was asked to discuss their experiences and were encouraged to feed on each other's comments. What is this type of study called?

exploratory

Companies, such as Kraft and Procter & Gamble, conduct research to clarify ambiguous situations or discover ideas that may be potential business opportunities. What type of business research is this?

_____ means that the researcher alters the level of the experimental variable in specific increments.

Manipulation

pilot study

The Small Business Development Center is conducting an email survey with 25 of its client small businesses to examine the use of mobile marketing applications. This is a precursor to a larger study in which the questionnaire will be sent nationwide to more than 1,000 similar small businesses. This initial small-scale project is known as a _____.

research design

The _____ is a master plan that specifies the methods and procedures for collecting and analyzing the needed information.

telephone mail the Internet

Which of the following is a method of data collection that is used in surveys?

survey

Which of the following is a research technique in which a sample is interviewed in some form or the behavior of respondents is observed and described in some way?

certainty

Which of the following means that the decision maker has all information needed to make an optimal decision?

pretest

Which of the following refers to a small-scale study in which the results are only preliminary and intended only to assist in design of a subsequent study?

Exploratory

____ research aims to clarify ambiguous situations or discover ideas that may amount to true business opportunities.

Decision making

_____ is the process of developing and deciding among alternative ways of resolving a problem or choosing from among alternative opportunities.

Which degree of causality means that the cause is necessary and sufficient to bring about the effect?

absolute causality

Which of the following should a researcher do in order to infer causality?

all of these choices

Janna discovers a market segment that is under-served by competitors' products. For Janna's company, this segment represents a _____.

business opportunity

Which of the following represents a situation that makes some potential competitive advantage possible for a business?

business opportunity

A conclusion that when one thing happens, another specific thing will follow is known as a _____.

causal inference

Which type of research allows decision makers to make causal inferences?

causal research

Which type of research is being conducted when a researcher conducts an experiment to answer the question, "Will shareholders respond favorably if we increase executive pay?"

causal research

The rules for interpreting, categorizing, recording, and transferring the data to the data storage media are called _____.

codes

problem-focused decision making and conditions of high ambiguity

In which situation do symptoms exist, but are subtle and few, making problem identification difficult?

Jackie has noticed that when the temperature rises, sales at her clothing boutique also rise. This is an example of _____.

concomitant variation

Which of the following is the weakest form of causality but is still a useful concept?

contributory causality

Which of the following is the first stage of the business research process?

defining the research objectives

All of the following are stages in the research process EXCEPT _____.

demonstrating causality

What type of research is being conducted to answer the question: "What is the average age of our employees?"

descriptive research

Which type of business research addresses who, what, when, where, why, and how questions?

descriptive research

Which of the following seeks to diagnose reasons for business outcomes and focuses specifically on the beliefs and feelings respondents have about and toward specific issues?

diagnostic analysis

A researcher has completed the fieldwork of collecting data, and now he is checking the data collection forms for omissions, legibility, and consistency in classification. What is this researcher doing?

editing the data

An employee who pretends to be a customer in order to observe the sales behavior of a clerk at a cosmetics counter in a department store is called a(n) _____.

mystery shopper

All of the following are degrees of causality EXCEPT _____.

non-spurious causality

Which type of association is said to occur when any covariation between a cause and effect is indeed due to the cause and not simply due to some other variable?

nonspurious association

When a researcher conducts numerous related studies that come together to address multiple, related research objectives, we refer to this as a research _____.

program

Managers at Procter & Gamble view business research at a strategic planning level, particularly for product-related decisions. Therefore, the company conducts numerous related studies that come together to help in their product planning decisions. This is referred to as a ____.

research program

When the researcher has only one or a small number of research objectives that can be addressed in a single study, that study is referred to as a _____.

research project

Which of the following involves any procedure that draws conclusions based on measurements of a portion of the entire population?

sampling

When drivers are unaware that a machine is recording how many cars pass a certain intersection that is being considered for a site for a new Wendy's franchise, this is an example of a(n) _____.

unobtrusive method

deliverables

In research conducted for a specific client, research objectives are often referred to as _____.

research objectives

The goals that researchers intend to achieve by conducting research as referred to as _____.

surveys

The most common way to generate primary data in business research is by means of _____.

exploratory research

What type of research is being conducted to answer the question: "Would this target market be interested in this type of new product?"

The Food and Drug Administration is targeting salt in processed foods as a health hazard, and some experts believe the agency will require food manufacturers to limit the amount of salt in processed foods. However, the reduction will occur in phases, with salt content being reduced in steps so that consumers will be weaned off of salt gradually. Carefully controlled research studies are underway in which the salt levels are varied and consumers' reactions to the taste are measured. This research is an example of a(n) _____.

experiment

Which of the following is a carefully controlled study in which the researcher manipulates a proposed cause and observes any corresponding change in the proposed effect?

experiment

The proposed cause which the researcher controls by manipulating its value in an experiment is referred to as a(n) _____.

experimental variable

The idea that the objectives of a research study will determine the composition of the sample to be used in the study is an example of _____.

forward linkage

Over the past five years, home values have been decreasing. This is an example of a(n) _____.

symptom

Observable cues that serve as a signal of a problem because they are caused by that problem are called _____.

symptoms

Which aspect of causality deals with the time order of events?

temporal sequence