Brain, CNS/PNS

The thin transparent spinal meninx called pia mater separates the spinal cord from the surrounding cerebrospinal fluid. t/f

True

A _____ refers to a small mass of nervous tissue, consisting primarily of neuron cell bodies, outside of the brain and spinal cord.

ganglion

The vast majority of neurons in the body are...

interneurons

Lateral gray horns are present in ALL segments of the _____ region of the spinal cord.

thoracic

Except for T2-T12, all anterior (ventral) rami form nerve plexuses. Select one: True False

true

Most unipolar neurons are sensory neurons that transmit information along afferent pathways to the central nervous system. Select one: True False

true

The efferent (motor) portion of the autonomic nervous system consists of sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. Select one: True False

true

The portion of the plasma membrane of a neuron that surrounds the axoplasm is called the axolemma. Select one: True False

true

Motor impulses that help maintain muscle tone and posture are conveyed from the brain through the spinal cord by the: not direct pathways

***

The conus medullaris is: not the inner portion of the spinal cord

***

The main plexuses formed by the anterior (ventral) rami of spinal nerves are: not the T, L, S and cocky

***

Which of the following is NOT a branch of a spinal nerve? Select one: a. anterior (ventral) ramus b. lateral ramus c. meningeal branch Incorrect d. ramus communicans

***

There are _____ pairs of spinal nerves, consisting of the following groups: _____ pairs of cervical, _____ pairs of thoracic, _____ pairs of lumbar, _____ pairs of sacral, and _____ pair of coccygeal spinal nerves. Select one:

31, 8, 12, 5, 5, 1

_____ (or motor) impulses travel from the _____ to the _____ (muscles or glands).

Efferent, central nervous system, effectors

From which plexus does the femoral nerve arise?

Lumbar

The epidural space found between the dura mater and the wall of the vertebral canal contains a protective cushion of fat and connective tissue. (T/F)

True

Dendrites are processes of a neuron that: Select one: a. are receptive areas for neurons b. carry nerve impulses away from the neuron cell body c. are usually longer than axons d. are usually myelinated

a

Select the best description of the microglia: Select one: a. phagocytes of the central nervous system b. phagocytes of the peripheral nervous system c. help maintain the blood-brain barrier d. form lining of brain ventricles

a

Which of the following convey information from the central nervous system to skeletal muscles only? Select one: a. somatic motor neurons b. afferent motor neurons c. parasympathetic motor neurons d. sympathetic motor neurons

a

Which of the following neuroglia would be found in the peripheral nervous system? Select one: a. satellite cells b. oligodendrocytes c. microglia d. astrocytes

a

Which structure of the neuron is included in the neuromuscular junction? Select one: a. the axon terminal b. the dendrites c. the axon hillock d. the cell body

a

At a synapse between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another neuron, the axon would be part of a _____ neuron; the dendrite would be part of a _____ neuron. Select one: a. somatic, visceral b. presynaptic, postsynaptic c. visceral, somatic d. postsynaptic, presynaptic

b

The senses of pain and temperature are conveyed to the brain by: Select one: a. direct tracts. b. lateral spinothalamic tracts. c. posterior columns. d. indirect tracts.

b

The spinal cord is protected by which of the following? Select one: a. meninges b. all of these choices c. cerebrospinal fluid d. vertebral column

b

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding oligodendrocytes? Select one: a. They form myelin sheaths around central nervous system axons b. They line the fluid-filled ventricles of the brain c. They are not as numerous as astrocytes d. They are smaller than astrocytes

b

A nerve is a structure that may contain: 1. axons 2. blood vessels 3. neuron cell bodies 4. connective tissue 5. myelin 6. oligodendrocytes Select one: a. 1, 3, 5, 6 b. 1, 2, 4, 5 c. 2, 3, 4 d. 1, 4, 5 only

b. 1, 2, 4, 5

The white matter of the spinal cord: Select one: a. has many interneurons b. is surrounded by gray matter. c. contains ascending (sensory) and descending (motor) tracts. d. is subdivided into regions called horns.

c

What is the best description of the subarachnoid space? Select one: a. between dura mater and arachnoid mater b. contains a protective cushion of fat and connective tissue c. between arachnoid mater and pia mater d. between dura mater and the wall of vertebral canal

c

Which of the following is NOT a correct description of the location of the lumbar plexus? Select one: a. lateral to the first four lumbar vertebrae b. between the two heads of the psoas major muscle c. posterior to the quadratus lumborum muscle

c

Which of the following statements is FALSE for spinal nerves? Select one: a. All spinal nerves are mixed nerves. b. The outer covering of a spinal nerve is the epineurium. c. Every pair of spinal nerves exits through the intervertebral foramina above the vertebra that has the same name and number as the nerves. d. The two largest branches of a spinal nerve are the anterior (ventral) ramus and the posterior (dorsal) ramus.

c

White matter includes: Select one: a. ganglia b. a thin outer layer of most of the brain c. tracts in the spinal cord d. nuclei in the brain

c

The name given to rough endoplasmic reticulum in neurons is lipofuscin granules. Select one: True False

false

What is the best description of the epidural space? Select one: a. between arachnoid mater and pia mater b. between dura mater and arachnoid mater c. contains cerebrospinal fluid d. contains a protective cushion of fat and connective tissue

d

Which of the following could serve as an effector for a somatic reflex? a. b. c. d. all of these choices Select one: a. gland. Incorrect b. smooth muscle. c. cardiac muscle. d. skeletal muscle.

d

Which of the following neuroglia would be found in the peripheral nervous system? Select one: a. microglia b. oligodendrocytes c. astrocytes d. satellite cells

d

Select the structure(s) served by the axillary nerve a. biceps brachii b. deltoid muscle c. diaphragm d. flexors of the wrist

deltoid

What does the phrenic nerve serve?

diaphragm

Gray matter is only located in the brain Select one: True False

false

What are two types of neuroglia that produce myelin sheaths?

oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells (neurolemmocytes).