Brass Exam

What is not an ancestor of brass

hurry-gurdy

tuba

largest lowest pitched 3 or 4 valves

Articulation that begins with the "DAH" or "LAH" syllable. The airstream does not stop between notes. The notes are played smooth and connected to other notes around them.

legato

Adolphe Sax invented...

modern brass family saxhorn saxophone

Articulation that begins with the "TAH" syllable. The sound is stopped as the diaphragm stops the flow of air. The notes are played full value and only lightly separated as other notes are re-articulated.

normal

6th grade explanation of history and development of brass instruments

-before copper and zinc, brass were made out of conch shells and animal cones -new things were created and modernizing so they used newer materials -in 1815, valves were invented making it easier to manipulate sound -before valves, they used crooks to change the key of the instrument to play -in 1597, Gabrieli composed the first brass piece

embouchure for brass playing

-it will be slightly different for everyone -must have airtight seal between lips and mouthpiece -must have balance between orbiculares oris and cheek muscles -throat should be open -lips together -mouth formed like you are saying the letter "M" -tongue must be forward and through teeth at all times -teeth must have a small gap so the air flows freely

valves first introduced....

1815

trumpet

3 valves that control pitch bright sounds can alter sound with mute

Articulation that uses the "TAH" syllable. The sound begins with a large "burst" of air like spitting. The result is a large quantity of sound at the beginning of the note.

Accent

What composition did the trombones make their orchestra debut?

Beethoven - Symphony No. 5

who wrote Sonata pain e forte?

Giovanni Gabrieli

Overtone Series

P8-P5-P4-M3-m3-m3-M2-M2

Articulation that begins with the "TAH" syllable. The sound is stopped as the diaphragm stops the flow of air. The notes are lightly played and separated from other notes around them.

Staccato

French horn

circular instrument wide flared bell 3 valves to manipulate pitch descendant from hunting horns

Brass is an alloy of what metals

copper and zinc

Prior to invention of valves they used...

crooks moveable slide played in high range where notes are closer together

Articulation for tonguing fast passages. Through study airstream, the player enunciates the syllables: "TAH-KAH-TAH-KAH-TAH-KAH"

double tongue

all early brass instruments were made out of brass

false

articulation in which the tongue is placed loosely in the roof of your mouth followed by an air-stream that sounds as if you are "rolling" your R's in Spanish

fluttertongue

Most important muscle

orbicularis oris

crook refers to...

removable piece of tubing used to change the key of the instrument

not an instrument in the tuba family

shofar

trombone

slide that changes pitch by the length of tubing

Articulation at the start of the melody begins with the "TAH" syllable. Other notes in the melody are not re-articulated. The notes are played smooth and very connected to other notes around them.

slurred

Articulation for talking fast passages. Through a study airstream, the player enunciates the syllables: "TAH-TAK-KAH-TAH-TAH-KAH"

triple tongue

cylindrical

trombone trumpet

brass instruments evolved from conch shells and animal bones

true

conical

tuba cornet horn euphonium