Brown V. Board of Education

Read the excerpt from Brown v. Board of Education.This discussion and our own investigation convince us that, although these sources cast some light, it is not enough to resolve the problem with which we are faced. At best, they are inconclusive. . . .[T]here are findings below that the Negro and white schools involved have been equalized, or are being equalized . . .This excerpt suggests that the Supreme Court Justices

cannot find a conclusive reason to uphold separate systems of education

Which movement followed the Brown v. Board of Education decision? equality suffrage emancipation desegregation

desegregation

Why did the Supreme Court decide to overturn Plessy v. Ferguson, as explained in Brown v. Board of Education? Separate is inherently unequal. Education is important for all races. School policies should be uniform. Citizenship requires voting rights.

Separate is inherently unequal.

Read the excerpt from the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution.No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States . . .How does the excerpt relate to the premises of Brown v. Board of Education? The Brown case addresses whether separate water fountains and entrances abridge students' privileges. The Brown case addresses whether education systems separated by race limit citizens' privileges. The Brown case addresses whether varied state curriculums inhibit students' ability to learn. The Brown case addresses whether teachers' racial stereotyping restricts students' rights and privileges.

The Brown case addresses whether education systems separated by race limit citizens' privileges.

Read the excerpt from the Supreme Court's ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson.That petitioner was a citizen of the United States and a resident of the State of Louisiana, of mixed descent . . . on June 7, 1892, he engaged and paid for a first class passage on the East Louisiana Railway . . . and thereupon entered a passenger train, and took possession of a vacant seat in a coach where passengers of the white race were accommodated; that such railroad company was incorporated by the laws of Louisiana as a common carrier, and was not authorized to distinguish between citizens according to their race. But, notwithstanding this, petitioner was required by the conductor, under penalty of ejection from said train and imprisonment, to vacate said coach and occupy another seat in a coach assigned by said company for persons not of the white race.How does this relate to the premises of Brown v. Board of Education? The Brown case addresses whether localities have the authority to label individuals by race. The Brown case addresses whether the laws of Southern states are racially biased. The Brown case addresses whether penalties and punishments can legally vary by race. The Brown case addresses whether facilities separated by race are permissible by law.

The Brown case addresses whether facilities separated by race are permissible by law.

Read the excerpt from the Supreme Court's ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson.. . . requiring the officer of the passenger train to assign each passenger to the coach or compartment assigned for the race to which he or she belong; and imposing fines or imprisonment upon passengers insisting on going into a coach or compartment other than the one set aide for the race to which he or she belongs.How does the excerpt relate to the premises of Brown v. Board of Education? The Brown case addresses whether officers can legally acknowledge racial differences. The Brown case addresses whether public institutions can legally be divided by race. The Brown case addresses whether districts should be penalized for segregating schools. The Brown case addresses whether race-specific entrances are appropriate in schools.

The Brown case addresses whether public institutions can legally be divided by race.

Read the excerpt from the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution.. . . nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.How does the excerpt relate to the premises of Brown v. Board of Education? The Brown case addresses whether the plaintiff has been deprived of liberty, or freedom, as a result of attending segregated schools. The Brown case addresses whether the plaintiff's property has been placed in jeopardy while attending segregated schools. The Brown case addresses whether the plaintiff has been denied due process of law while attempting to attend public schools. The Brown case addresses whether the plaintiff has been afforded equal protection of the laws relative to those attending public schools.

The Brown case addresses whether the plaintiff has been afforded equal protection of the laws relative to those attending public schools.

Read the excerpt from the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution.All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the state wherein they reside.How does the excerpt relate to the premises of Brown v. Board of Education? The Brown case addresses whether the plaintiffs have been afforded the full rights of citizenship. The Brown case addresses whether the plaintiffs are informed of their rights as US citizens. The Brown case addresses whether the quality of education can legally vary from state to state. The Brown case addresses whether matters of education are under the Supreme Court's jurisdiction.

The Brown case addresses whether the plaintiffs have been afforded the full rights of citizenship.

Read the excerpt from a supporting opinion of the Supreme Court's ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson, 1896.Laws permitting, and even requiring, their separation in places where they are liable to be brought into contact do not necessarily imply the inferiority of either race to the other, and have been generally, if not universally, recognized as within the competency of the state legislatures in the exercise of their police power.How does this relate to the premises of Brown v. Board of Education? The Brown case addresses whether state legislatures are equipped to judge the quality of education offered at segregated schools. The Brown case addresses whether authorities believe that one race is inferior to another when creating public schools. The Brown case addresses whether these laws inherently deny certain citizens equal protection under the law. The Brown case addresses the legality of using police power to monitor public places separated by race.

The Brown case addresses whether these laws inherently deny certain citizens equal protection under the law.

What is the fundamental idea behind the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution, which is mentioned in Brown v. Board of Education? The Fourteenth Amendment makes slavery illegal in the United States. The Fourteenth Amendment secures the rights of citizenship to all Americans. The Fourteenth Amendment declares segregation of schools illegal in America. The Fourteenth Amendment offers voting rights to all American males.

The Fourteenth Amendment secures the rights of citizenship to all Americans.

Read the excerpt from Brown v. Board of Education.We must consider public education in the light of its full development and its present place in American life throughout the Nation.Why does the Supreme Court make this distinction? The court recognizes that the current delivery of education might compromise citizens' rights. The court recognizes that the US education system has evolved over time. The court recognizes that people in some localities are being treated unfairly by teachers. The court recognizes that segregated schools require additional federal funding.

The court recognizes that the current delivery of education might compromise citizens' rights.

Why did the Supreme Court take jurisdiction of Brown v. Board of Education? Cases about race relations required government intervention. The public schools in the South lagged behind other regions. The implications of the case were important and widespread. Influential individuals were involved in the case.

The implications of the case were important and widespread.

What is the plaintiffs' main concern about the state of public schools in Brown v. Board of Education? The curriculum was outdated and biased, which led to a poor quality of education in Topeka. The teachers were not credentialed, which led to disparities within the Topeka school system. The schools were racially segregated, which led to a lower quality of education for some students in Topeka. The school buildings were in poor condition, which caused low attendance rates in Topeka.

The schools were racially segregated, which led to a lower quality of education for some students in Topeka.

What is the plaintiffs' main concern about the state of public schools in Brown v. Board of Education? The curriculum was outdated and biased, which led to a poor quality of education in Topeka. The teachers were not credentialed, which led to disparities within the Topeka school system. The schools were racially segregated, which led to a lower quality of education for some students in Topeka. The school buildings were in poor condition, which caused low attendance rates in Topeka.

The schools were racially segregated, which led to a lower quality of education for some students in Topeka.

Read the excerpt from Brown v. Board of Education.They are premised on different facts and different local conditions, but a common legal question justifies their consideration together in this consolidated opinion.Based on this excerpt, The Supreme Court chose to consider the case due to the wide variety of facts presented to them. a legal issue shared by a number of cases. the condition of schools in remote localities. a concern about the treatment of citizens.

a legal issue shared by a number of cases.

Which policy do the plaintiffs disagree with in Brown v. Board of Education? separate but equal equal protection under the law the Dred Scott decision the Emancipation Proclamation

separate but equal

Read the excerpt from Brown v. Board of Education.Because these are class actions, because of the wide applicability of this decision, and because of the great variety of local conditions, the formulation of decrees in these cases presents problems of considerable complexity.Why does the Supreme Court describe these considerations? to explain the historical context in which segregation was endorsed to illustrate the different interpretations of the law throughout the nation to compare the quality of education delivered throughout the years of segregation to emphasize the challenges inherent in determining a ruling for a varied nation

to emphasize the challenges inherent in determining a ruling for a varied nation

Read the excerpt from Brown v. Board of Education.In these days, it is doubtful that any child may reasonably be expected to succeed in life if he is denied the opportunity of an education.Why does the Supreme Court assert this fact? to highlight the idea that a child's potential can be measured to illustrate how desegregation will be implemented to highlight the significance of equal access to education to illustrate the importance of high academic standards

to highlight the significance of equal access to education