Burns - PEDS final

A toddler sustains a minor burn on the hand from hot coffee. Which is the first action the nurse should recommend in treating this burn? a. Apply ice to burned area. b. Hold burned area under cool running water. c. Break any blisters with a sterile needle. d. Cleanse wound with soap and warm water.

b. Hold burned area under cool running water.

Biologic dressings are applied to a child with partial-thickness burns of both legs. Which nursing intervention should be implemented? a. Observing wounds for bleeding b. Observing wounds for signs of infection c. Monitoring closely for signs of shock d. Splinting legs to prevent movement

b. Observing wounds for signs of infection

Which is an important consideration for the nurse when changing dressings and applying topical medication to a child's abdomen and leg burns? a. Apply topical medication with clean hands. b. Wash hands and forearms before and after dressing change. c. If dressings adhere to the wound, soak in hot water before removal. d. Apply dressing so that movement is limited during the healing process.

b. Wash hands and forearms before and after dressing change.

A child is admitted with extensive burns. The nurse notes that there are burns on the child's lips and singed nasal hairs. The nurse should suspect that the child has a(n): a. chemical burn. b. inhalation injury. c. electrical burn. d. hot-water scald.

b. inhalation injury.

A young child has sustained a minor burn to the foot. Which is recommended for treatment of a minor burn? a. Apply ice to foot. b. Apply cortisone ointment. c. Apply an occlusive dressing. d. Cleanse the wound with a mild soap and tepid water.

d. Cleanse the wound with a mild soap and tepid water.

The family of a 4-month-old infant will be vacationing at the beach. Which should the nurse teach the family about exposure of the infant to the sun? a. Use sun block on the infant's nose and ear tips. b. Use topical sunscreen product with a sun protective factor of 15. c. The infant can be exposed to the sun for 15-minute increments. d. Keep the infant in total shade at all times.

d. Keep the infant in total shade at all times.

An adolescent girl is cooking on a gas stove when her bathrobe catches fire. Her father smothers the flames with a rug and calls an ambulance. She has sustained major burns over much of her body. Which is important in her immediate care? a. Wrap her in a blanket until help arrives. b. Encourage her to drink clear liquids. c. Place her in a tub of cool water. d. Remove her burned clothing and jewelry.

d. Remove her burned clothing and jewelry.

A parent of a child with major burns asks the nurse why a high-calorie and high-protein diet is prescribed. Which response should the nurse make? a. The diet promotes growth. b. The diet will improve appetite. c. The diet will diminish risks of stress-induced hyperglycemia. d. The diet will avoid protein breakdown.

d. The diet will avoid protein breakdown.

It is important to make certain that sensory connectors and oximeters are compatible because wiring that is incompatible can cause: a. hyperthermia. b. electrocution. c. pressure necrosis. d. burns under sensors.

d. burns under sensors.

After the acute stage and during the healing process, the primary complication from burn injury is: a. asphyxia. b. shock. c. renal shutdown. d. infection.

d. infection.

Hydrotherapy is required to treat a child with extensive partial-thickness burn wounds. Which is the primary purpose of hydrotherapy? a. Débride the wounds. b. Increase peripheral blood flow. c. Provide pain relief. d. Destroy bacteria on the skin.

a. Débride the wounds.

Which is an effective strategy to reduce the stress of burn dressing procedures? a. Give child as many choices as possible. b. Reassure child that dressing changes are not painful. c. Explain to child why analgesics cannot be used. d. Encourage child to master stress with controlled passivity.

a. Give child as many choices as possible.

Which should the nurse include when teaching parents about preventing childhood burn injuries? (Select all that apply.) a. Keep hot liquids out of reach. b. Baby-proof electrical outlets. c. Turn water heater thermostats to a maximum of 150° F. d. Heat infant formula in the microwave. e. Test water temperature before placing your child in the tub bath.

a. Keep hot liquids out of reach. b. Baby-proof electrical outlets. e. Test water temperature before placing your child in the tub bath.

The parents of a 4-month-old infant tell the nurse that they are getting a microwave oven and will be able to heat the baby's formula faster. What should the nurse recommend? a. Never heat a bottle in a microwave oven. b. Heat only 10 ounces or more. c. Always leave bottle top uncovered to allow heat to escape. d. Shake bottle vigorously for at least 30 seconds after heating.

a. Never heat a bottle in a microwave oven.

A child with extensive burns requires débridement. The nurse should anticipate which priority goal related to this procedure? a. Reduce pain. b. Prevent bleeding. c. Maintain airway. d. Restore fluid balance

a. Reduce pain.

The most fatal type of burn in the toddler age group is: a. flame burn from playing with matches. b. scald burn from high-temperature tap water. c. hot object burn from cigarettes or irons. d. electric burn from electric outlets.

a. flame burn from playing with matches.

The most immediate threat to life in children with thermal injuries is: a. shock. b. anemia. c. local infection. d. systemic sepsis.

a. shock.

A nurse is preparing to perform a dressing change on a 6-year-old child with mild cognitive impairment (CI) who sustained a minor burn. Which strategy should the nurse use to prepare the child for this procedure? a. Verbally explain what will be done. b. Have the child watch a video on dressing changes. c. Demonstrate a dressing change on a doll. d. Explain the importance of keeping the burn area clean.

c. Demonstrate a dressing change on a doll.

Which best describes a full-thickness (third-degree) burn? a. Erythema and pain b. Skin showing erythema followed by blister formation c. Destruction of all layers of skin evident with extension into subcutaneous tissue d. Destruction injury involving underlying structures such as muscle, fascia, and bone

c. Destruction of all layers of skin evident with extension into subcutaneous tissue

Which is one of the first signs of overwhelming sepsis in a child with burn injuries? a. Seizures b. Bradycardia c. Disorientation d. Decreased blood pressure

c. Disorientation

Which explains physiologically the edema formation that occurs with burns? a. Vasoconstriction b. Decreased capillary permeability c. Increased capillary permeability d. Decreased hydrostatic pressure within capillaries

c. Increased capillary permeability

Nitrous oxide is being administered to a child with extensive burn injuries. Which is the purpose of this medication? a. Promote healing. b. Prevent infection. c. Provide anesthesia. d. Improve urinary output.

c. Provide anesthesia.

Fentanyl and midazolam (Versed) are given before débridement of a child's burn wounds. Which is the rationale for administration of these medications? a. Promote healing. b. Prevent infection. c. Provide pain relief. d. Limit amount of débridement that will be necessary.

c. Provide pain relief.

Tretinoin (Retin-A) is a topical agent commonly used to treat acne. Nursing considerations with this drug should include: a. teaching to avoid use of sunscreen agents. b. applying generously to the skin. c. explaining that medication should not be applied until at least 20 to 30 minutes after washing. d. explaining that erythema and peeling are indications of toxicity.

c. explaining that medication should not be applied until at least 20 to 30 minutes after washing.