BYU Anatomy Lecture 7 (Articulations)
Bone
"A"
articular capsule
"B"
synovial membrane
"C"
joint cavity
"D"
Articular cartilage
"E"
Diarthrosis
A freely mobile joint is known as a: (1 word)
Diarthrotic
A functional classification of a joint including the majority of the appendicular skeleton, able to be uniaxial, biaxial, or multiaxial.
Synarthrotic
A functional classification of a joint including the manubriosternal joint or the sutures.
Amphiarthrotic
A functional classification of a joint including the pubic symphysis or intervertebral discs
Tendon Sheath
A small bursa that surrounds a tendon (2 words).
Amphiarthrosis
A somewhat mobile joint is known as a: (1 word)
Cartilaginous
A structural classification of a joint involving hyaline or fibrocartilage (synchondrosis or symphysis).
Synovial
A structural classification of a joint involving joints that aren't directly connected, but separated somewhat by a fluid-filled cavity (with 6 sub-types).
Fibrous
A structural classification of a joint involving suture, syndesmosis, and gomphosis joint types.
Symphysis
A type of cartilaginous joint conjoined by fibrocartilage.
Synchondrosis
A type of cartilaginous joint conjoined by hyaline cartilage, either temporary or permanent.
Synchondrosis
A type of cartilaginous joint including the anterior joints of ribs onto the costal cartilage (not including the costal cartilage).
Symphysis
A type of cartilaginous joint including the pubic symphysis and intervertebral discs.
Symphysis
A type of cartilaginous joint usually functionally classified as amphiarthrotic.
Synchondrosis
A type of cartilaginous joint usually functionally classified as synarthrotic.
Gomphosis
A type of fibrous joint found between teeth and their sockets.
Syndesmosis
A type of fibrous joint where two long bones may be held together by a long ligament or interosseous membrane.
Synarthrosis
An immobile joint is known as a: (1 word).
lateral collateral ligament lateral meniscus posterior cruciate ligament anterior cruciate ligament medial meniscus medial collateral ligament ANTERIOR
Just name them all in alphabetical order... (save cards...) Which view is this? (last answer)
posterior cruciate ligament medial meniscus medial collateral ligament anterior cruciate ligament lateral meniscus lateral collateral ligament POSTERIOR
Just name them all in alphabetical order... (save cards...) Which view is this? (last answer)
articular disc
Meniscus or Articular Disc?
ball-and-socket
Name the synovial Joint Type: - pivot - ball-and-socket - condyloid - plane - saddle - hinge
condyloid
Name the synovial Joint Type: - pivot - ball-and-socket - condyloid - plane - saddle - hinge
hinge
Name the synovial Joint Type: - pivot - ball-and-socket - condyloid - plane - saddle - hinge
pivot
Name the synovial Joint Type: - pivot - ball-and-socket - condyloid - plane - saddle - hinge
plane
Name the synovial Joint Type: - pivot - ball-and-socket - condyloid - plane - saddle - hinge
saddle
Name the synovial Joint Type: - pivot - ball-and-socket - condyloid - plane - saddle - hinge
posterior anteriorly
The (anterior or posterior) cruciate ligament prevents the femur from sliding (posteriorly or anteriorly) off the top of the fibia.
Articular Capsule
The fibrous layer and the synovial membrane make up the _____ of a synovial joint.
ligament(s) tendon(s)
The two separate bones of a joint are connected by _________ while the muscles that attach to those bones are attached via __________.
Arthritis
There are several (100+) types of this joint disease, coming from a variety of different sources, involving inflamed synovial joints.
Bursae
These (plural) are fluid-filled sacks that reduce friction between adjacent structures.
Ligament
These are strong bands at joints that prevent separation.
Tendon
These attach muscles to bone.
Tendon sheath
This is an example of what?
Gouty Arthritis
This joint disease can be caused through diet, involving an excess of Uric acid either from production or lack of excretion by the kidney.
Rheumatoid Arthritis
This joint disease is autoimmune, giving an inflamed joint capsule and synovial membrane (or destroying it). Can be very damaging.
Osteoarthritis
This joint disease is common in the elderly, from damage or absence (deteriorated) articular cartilage, causing increased synovial fluid production and thus swelling.
Bursitis
This joint injury comes from a swollen bursa, common in roofers, or floor/carpet installers.
Tendinitis
This joint injury comes from repetitive motions and results in an inflamed tendon.
Dislocation
This joint injury involves the joint falling out of alignment.
Joint Sprain
This joint injury is most common in the ankle, and involves the stretching or tearing of supporting ligaments.
Torn Cartilage
This joint injury is particularly difficult because it will not self-heal.
Articular Cartilage
This sits as the "Teflon" layer of hyaline cartilage within a synovial joint.
hinge
This synovial joint type exists at the elbow, knee, ankle, and interphalangeal joints: - pivot - ball-and-socket - condyloid - plane - saddle - hinge
ball-and-socket (also the shoulder)
This synovial joint type exists at the hip: - pivot - ball-and-socket - condyloid - plane - saddle - hinge
saddle
This synovial joint type exists at the thumb and the sternoclavicular joint: - pivot - ball-and-socket - condyloid - plane - saddle - hinge
plane
This synovial joint type exists between the clavicle and acromion process of the scapula: - pivot - ball-and-socket - condyloid - plane - saddle - hinge
plane
This synovial joint type exists between the superior and inferior articular processes of adjacent vertebrae: - pivot - ball-and-socket - condyloid - plane - saddle - hinge
plane (also directly between the carpals, not to be confused with condyloid joints)
This synovial joint type exists between the tarsal bones: - pivot - ball-and-socket - condyloid - plane - saddle - hinge
pivot (also at the proximal radioulnar joint)
This synovial joint type exists between vertebrae: - pivot - ball-and-socket - condyloid - plane - saddle - hinge
condyloid (but not directly between the carpals)
This synovial joint type exists between wrist bones: - pivot - ball-and-socket - condyloid - plane - saddle - hinge
Plane Joint
This type of synovial joint is also called a "gliding joint", is multiaxial, and includes the articular processes of adjacent vertebrae or between the carpals/tarsals.
Saddle Joint
This type of synovial joint is biaxial, including the thumb or sternoclavicular joint.
Condyloid Joint
This type of synovial joint is biaxial, like the joint between the metacarpals and the carpals.
Hinge Joint
This type of synovial joint is uniaxial, like the elbow, knee, ankle, fingers, etc.
Pivot Joint
This type of synovial joint is uniaxial, like the radioulnar joint which rotates the forearm.
Ball and Socket Joint
This type of synovial joint offers the greatest range of motion, like at the shoulder and hip (4 words):
Synovial fluid
What is "D" filled with?
Meniscus articular disc
What structure is sometimes placed between the articular bones? (there are 2 types) - Larger and C-shaped. - Smaller and oval-shaped.
quadriceps (tendon)
What tendon sits beneath the patella? (being protected by it)
hyaline (cartilage)
What type of cartilage is "E"? - hyaline - fibrocartilage - elastic
medial
Which collateral ligament (medial or lateral) is firmly attached on its deep side to the articular capsule and its' partner meniscus to help prevent knee injuries?
posterior
Which cruciate ligament supports the knee when bearing weight or walking downhill? (anterior or posterior)
anterior
Which cruciate ligament tightens during extension to resist hyperextension of the knee? (anterior or posterior)
bursa tendon sheath
Which is a bursa and which is a tendon sheath? - A - B
C Synovial membrane
Which letter PRODUCES the synovial fluid? What is it called?
medial
Which meniscus (medial or lateral) shows less movement?
posterior
Which of the cruciate ligaments is stronger? (anterior or posterior)
