C2 - Unit 2.2.1 Metals and Non-metals

Describe two differences in properties of magnesium oxide and sulphur oxide

Magnesium oxide is alkaline and in the solid state. Sulphur oxide is acidic and in the gas state

Air surrounds an open electric switch in a circuit but no current flows. Explain what this tells you about air, and the elements and compounds it contains

Air is an electrical insulator. So the elements it contains are likely to be non-metals

Explain differences between metal and non-metals in terms of Physical properties

1. Metals are shiny whereas non-metals are dull in appearance 2. Metal elements usually have high melting and boiling points compared to low values for non-metals 3. Metals are solid at room temperature. Non-metals elements about half are solid and half are gas 4. Metals are malleable they bend without shattering whereas non-metal elements are brittle and shatter when hammered 5. Metals are ductile, can be pulled into wires. Non-metals are not ductile 6. Metals are good conductors of heat and electricity. Non metals are insulators, poor conductors.

Explain differences between metals and non-metals in terms of chemical properties

1. Metals lose electrons to form positive ions, but non-metals gain electrons to form -ve ions 2. Metals do not react with each other (they mix to form alloys), but non-metals react with each other to produce compounds that consists of molecules 3. Metals react with Oxygen to form alkaline metal Oxides. Non-metals react with Oxygen to form acidic oxides.

What is chemical property?

A chemical property is a characteristic of a substance that can only be determined by studying chemical reactions.

Graphite is in the solid state at room temperature. It is brittle and shiny black form of carbon, C and it is an electrical conductor. Explain what is unusual about these properties.

Carbon is non-metal so it should be dull not shiny black.It should be electrical insulator not conductor

Outline how would you use a battery, lamp, wires and crocodile clips to distinguish between metals and non-metals.

Connect battery, lamp and sample in series. The lamp should light if the sample is metal.

An element, solid at room temperature, burns in oxygen to produce white clouds of its oxide. Describe how you could test the oxide to see if the element was a metal or a non-metal

Dissolve the oxide in water and test the solution with universal indicator. It would turn blue or purple if the element was a metal. It would turn orange or red if the element was non-metal

Find out what IUPAC stands for?

International union of pure and applied chemistry

Use the periodic table to describe what is unusual about mercury, Hg and bromine, Br.

Mercury is only metal that is liquid at room temperature Bromine is only non-metal that is liquid at room temperature

Describe arrangement of metal and non-metal elements in the periodic table

Metal elements are placed on the left-hand side of the periodic table, and non-metal elements are placed on the right-hand side. They can be separated by a zigzag boundary. Some of the elements on this boundary have properties of both metals and non-metals

Define periodic table

The periodic table is a chart of elements arranged into rows and columns (periods and groups) in order of increasing atomic number.