C779 Quiz

What are the 4 possible shapes when creating a hot spot?

"rect" for a rectangular area (i.e., hot spot)., "circle" for a circular area, "poly" for any other shape., "default" to use the entire area

What are Web Feeds?

A Web feed is a data format for delivering Web content that is updated frequently, such as blog entries and news headlines. Web feed formats allow you to view headlines and updates from your favorite Web sites without the need to open your Web browser or visit any Web sites. There are two popular feed formats: RSS (Really Simple Syndication, RDF Site Summary or Rich Site Summary) — Currently at version 2.0, RSS is the "original" family of Web feeds. RSS 2.0 has the widest acceptance of any feed format. Atom — Currently at version 1.0, Atom is a relatively recent development but is much more robust and feature-rich than RSS. Atom is designed solely for the syndication of entire news articles.

What is a brand?

A brand is a concept or collection of symbols associated with a product, service or person. Brands can be expressed in the form of pictures, icons, logos and other graphical representations of the item that the brand is intended to represent. The brand that a business establishes for itself can be extremely helpful in increasing the public's awareness of its product or service, and can help sustain and increase the growth of the business.

What is an aggregator in marketing?

A business (usually Web-based) that markets and sells goods and services that it does not own or store. The aggregator allows other vendors to compete using its site, and then takes a percentage of the business. In essence, the site acts as a portal for an entire industry niche.

What is a CAPTCHA?

A challenge-response mechanism designed to discern between a human and a "bot" in order to detect the automated systems used by spammers for registering e-mail accounts.

What is a browser-safe color palette?

A limited color palette, necessary because many computer screens have limitations., 216 RGB colors (8-bit color minus 40)

What is an external hyperlink?

A link you create from a file on your system to a separate file on the Internet.

What is a local hyperlink?

A link you create from one file on your local system to another file on your local system.

What is a relative path name?

A reference to a file within a directory or subdirectory is called a relative path.

What is a niche in marketing?

A smaller, specialized portion of the market. An example of a niche market in IT might be companies that provide clustering (multiple systems acting as a single host) for computer systems. Such companies service a much smaller market than computer users or Web database servers.

What is CGI and what are some languages you can use to implement CGI?

A user-input form must contain code that references a Web server. This code is called an application, or a Web server application. This application helps convey the information provided by the end user to the Web server, or to a database server that can store and/or process the information. Such applications are called Common Gateway Interface (CGI) applications because they enable information to pass in and out of a server. Perl, Php, Active Server Pages (ASP,) .NET, Java Server Pages (JSP), ColdFusion, Python, DJango, Ajax, Ruby

What is the controls attribute used for with video and how do you implement it?

Adds video controls such as the play, pause, rewind and volume controls. These video controls are native to HTML5.

What is Ajax?

Ajax (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML ) is a Web 2.0 programming methodology that enables Web applications to interact with users in much the same way they do with desktop applications. Ajax allows you to create interactive Web applications using XHTML, CSS, the Document Object Model (DOM), JavaScript and XMLHttpRequest.

How do you create a hot spot in an image map?

An image map is an image that contains clickable regions, sometimes called hot spots. Each hot spot acts as a hyperlink. You define each hot spot with a set of coordinates (indicating its position on the image) and a URL reference. Image map files originally had to be placed on the server and processed there, but now the map information can be processed on the server side or the client side. Client-side image maps use map code embedded within the HTML page., You create a hotspot by using <img>, <map>, and <area> tags. <map name="mapname"> <area shape="shape" coords="coordinates" href="url" alt="description"/> <area shape="shape" coords="coordinates" href="url" alt="description"/> <area shape="shape" coords="coordinates" href="url" alt="description"/> </map> <img src="imagemap.gif" usemap="#mapname"/>

What is image transparency?

An image that supports transparency provides the visual effect of blending in to the background of your Web page. In function, the page background simply shows through the transparent part of the image file. Most developers use image transparency to remove the blank image background so it appears to float on the page.

In front-end issues, a properly created Web page should have?

Be accessible by all users, including those with disabilities (e.g., hearing or sight impairment). Incorporate attractive images and graphical elements. Contain constantly updated hyperlinks and content. Use tables wisely (ideally, tables should be used to place information in tabular format, not to structure entire Web pages). Present carefully designed forms. Securely attach pages to databases. Use the most current technologies appropriate for the page. Use images sparingly. Images can clutter the page and create bandwidth problems. You will learn more about bandwidth shortly. Be easily navigable and without dead ends. Include alternative navigation links.

What are some layout guidelines to consider when designing your Web pages?

Be succinct — Limit words to clear, necessary verbiage, especially on the home page. Most users simply scan pages quickly looking for specific information or links to it. Let users navigate to additional pages if they want more information. Make sure that each page focuses on one topic — No tangent message, regardless of its importance, should be added to a page. Use links to point users to appropriate related topics on separate pages. Divide the page into three sections — Use the left side of the page for navigation, the upper section of the page for a topic title (as well as navigation), and the middle section of the page for the information. Include navigation aids — A common way to enable navigation is to place links at the top and bottom of the page, and within the body of the page, to reduce the need for users to scroll. Place comments in each section of code — Comments help explain changes you have made to the code or page. You can indicate the nature of the change, includin

What is the difference between a bitmap and vector graphic?

Bitmap — graphics that use small dots (usually thousands) to create images and specify colors. Each dot is mapped to bits stored in a computer's memory. Bitmaps are also called raster graphics, and they include the JPEG, GIF and PNG formats. Vector — graphics that use mathematical coordinates with lines, curves and shapes to create images and specify colors. Vector graphics are generally small in file size. Their presentation size can be enlarged or shrunk (i.e., scaled) without losing image quality.

What are the three major e-commerce models. Name and define them.Required to answer. Single line text.

Business-to-consumer (B2C) — A model in which a Web-based business sells products and/or services to consumers or end users. Business-to-business (B2B) — A model in which a Web-based business sells products and/or services to other businesses. Consumer-to-consumer (C2C) — A model in which individual consumers sell products or services to other consumers.

Which input type do we use to select many options by using a check mark?

Checkbox

What does the border-collapse CSS property do for a table?

Collapses the borders of adjacent cells into a single border instead of separating them.

What are .gif, .gpg, .ogg, and .ra?

Common file formats and MIME types. All of the file formats you will use on your Web pages have a specific MIME type (a protocol that enables operating systems to map file name extensions to corresponding applications). Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) A standard Web page image format. Does not provide native compression. GNU Privacy Guard (GPG) Files encrypted by PGP/GPG. Ogg-Vorbis Ogg-Vorbis audio file format. RealPlayer (ra) - Audio and video files in the RealPlayer format

What are the benefits of using CSS?

Consistency — CSS easily gives an entire site a consistent look and feel. Easy change management — You have the ability to change the look and feel of an entire site by simply changing one part of a single line of code, rather than having to change possibly thousands of lines in hundreds of Web pages.

What is a fully-qualified url? What other name does it go by?

Contains a full path to a resource, including the protocol indicator. Also known as a hard link or absolute link.

When conducting SEO, what 5 strategies related to forms should you follow?

Create as simple a form as possible. Each additional field you use may reduce your score., -Some search engines may score pages lower if a CAPTCHA is used. The problem with a CAPTCHA, or any other element that requires human input, is that a bot that encounters it will not take time to read and process all of the page. This can cause the page to be scored lower., -Give form fields informative, descriptive labels., -Provide a clear call to action. Do not assume that a Submit button will inform users (or search engine bots) about what they should do., -Provide alternative text navigation.

What are four issues to be aware of when dealing with customers from different countries?

Currency differences — E-commerce sites such as eBay and global businesses such as IBM facilitate business with people in many different countries. International shipping — When shipping goods internationally, you must consider searches by customs, costs incurred by customs, delays caused by customs, and all tariffs. A product you sell legally in one country may be illegal in another or heavily regulated. Language concerns — Consider the language(s) used by the target audience and the characters necessary (e.g., alphanumeric, mathematical or currency symbols). Relationship management — Every business wants to establish solid relationships with all parties involved. Two important concepts that can help you ensure success are trust-building and customer self-service.

You can apply CSS to your HTML in 3 ways. What are they?

Declare an inline CSS style attribute. Link to an external style sheet. Create an internal style sheet.

What is the default page an HTTP server looks for when loading a website?

Default document names differ from server to server. Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) looks for the default.htm file. Apache HTTP server looks for the index.html file. You can change the name of the default document, but you should be aware that every Web server is preconfigured to a default document name. Following are some common default page names: index.htm default.htm welcome.htm home.htm index.html default.html welcome.html home.html index.asp default.asp welcome.asp home.asp index.jsp default.jsp welcome.jsp home.jsp

What does the padding CSS property do for a table?

Determines the amount of space between cell data and the cell border.

What are some drawbacks to consider in relation to proprietary file formats?

Difficulty/ inconvenience Some plug-ins and software may be unduly difficult to obtain, or may be inconvenient to download, install and manage. Cost Some proprietary file formats (e.g., Microsoft Word) require software that must be purchased. Audience limitation As previously discussed, some formats limit a disabled person's ability to obtain information.

What are three e-commerce payment technologies in common use today?Required to answer. Single line text.

Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT) — Electronic Funds Transfer) is a generic term that describes the ability to transfer funds using computers, rather than using paper. Payment gateways — A payment gateway is a system, either hardware-based or software-based, that mediates between a merchant (i.e., an e-commerce-enabled Web site) and an acquirer (e.g., the merchant's bank). 3-D Secure — 3-D Secure is an XML-based protocol used by credit card companies to add security to online credit and debit card transactions. It is often listed as "Verified by VISA" or "MasterCard Secure Code." 3-D Secure has replaced the Secure Electronic Transactions (SET) protocol.

What is FTP and why is it an important tool in web development?

FTP is the protocol most often used to transfer files between two computers, or a server and a computer, depending on the configuration. Transferring files over the Internet requires an FTP client to send the files and a destination FTP server to receive them. FTP can also be used to transfer files to an HTTP server, provided that the HTTP server is also running FTP. However, before you can transfer your Web site files, you must decide where your site will be hosted.

What are four concepts that deal with effectively designed web pages?

Feature crisp, concise text (limiting the word count to half of what would be used in conventional writing). Include one idea per paragraph. Include search engine keywords in the main portions of text. Convey the central message using the inverted-pyramid writing style (i.e., the conclusion is presented at the top of the page, followed by supporting information).

What are the four types of databases?

Flat file — Information is stored in a single table, often in a simple text file. The Windows registry is an example of a flat-file database. Non-relational — Information is stored statically. Information can be searched, but cannot be reorganized or placed into another database. Relational — Information can be sorted, altered and placed into other databases for retrieval. Object-oriented — A newer form with the capabilities of a relational database, plus greater storage and search efficiency.

What are the two Web-ready image file formats that support animation?

GIF 89a, PNG

What are the three universally supported Web image formats?

Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) Portable Network Graphics (PNG)

What is the audio tag and what attribute do you apply to have the audio file play as soon as you load the page?

HTML5 has introduced the <audio> element that allows developers a standard method to embed audio into Web pages. Prior to the <audio> element, browser plug-ins or separate applications (such as Windows Media Center, Apple iTunes, Apple QuickTime, Adobe Flash and Microsoft Silverlight) were required to listen to audio., autoplay="autoplay" Specifies that the video will play immediately upon loading.

What is the video element used for?

HTML5 has introduced the <video> element to allow developers a standard method to embed video into their Web sites. Prior to the <video> element, browser plug-ins (such as Adobe Flash, Microsoft Silverlight or Apple QuickTime) were required to view video.

Why should you specify a few font-family names when setting up fonts for your website?

If the first font is not supported, the next value will attempt to render.

What is image interlacing?

Interlacing is a technique that allows an image to progressively display in a browser as it downloads. The image will appear in stages over the period of downloading time. This action makes your pages more accessible to users with slower Internet connections. Standard image formats are read from top to bottom. The top of a non-interlaced image will appear after the browser has read 50 percent of the image. The bottom half will render some time later.

What is CGI and why do we need it to process web forms?

It is a small server-side program to process a script. It is needed because it provides a way for the server to receive the data from the web form.

What does colspan do for a table?

It spans a column across two or more cells.

What does rowspan do for a table?

It spans a row across two or more cells.

What are three key points you should consider in order to optimize your Web site for viewing on mobile devices?

Keep your Web pages simple and uncluttered — Mobile devices have smaller screens than desktop or laptop monitors, and Internet connectivity is often slower. Prioritize your content — When users are viewing a Web site with a mobile device, they are often looking for very specific information. Optimize your site to a smaller screen size — Although screen sizes vary among mobile devices, the most common size for traditional feature phones is 240x320 pixels. Smartphones typically use 320x480 pixels, with some rendering 480x800.

What is the anchor element?

Links are created with the anchor element, <a>

What are the 2 major points the W3C Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines Recommendation to help determine the suitability of a GUI editor for developers with disabilities?

Make the authoring tool user interface accessible - The authoring tool itself must be accessible to people with disabilities, including the editing views and alternative text for toolbar icons. Support the production of accessible content - The authoring tool must support procedures that enable the creation of accessible Web pages. In other words, if the tool does not allow you to create code that helps disabled users browse the site, then the tool is not compliant.

What select tag attribute should be used to choose more than one option?

Multiple attribute

What are the two types of database connection methods?

Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) — ODBC's primary purpose is to allow an operating system to register a database. ODBC supports SQL and all major database vendors. Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) — JDBC was developed by Sun Microsystems. Unlike ODBC, JDBC is not limited to Microsoft operating systems.

What are two types of GUI editors?

Page Editors - allow you to create a Web page using your mouse and a toolbar. Site Management Editors - provide both Web page creation and site management functionality.

What is the difference between push and pull technology?

Push technology Any technology that automatically provides information to a customer list. Customers receive information until they ask to be removed. Pull technology Any technology that provides information to a customer only upon request. A more standard way to disseminate information from a server.

Which input type creates a list of items with only one clickable option?

Radio Button group

What is a name=value pair represent in a web form?

Raw strings of data. The name attribute values are used as the basis for creating the raw text string.

What is the composition of a hexadecimal color code?

Red hex value + green hex value + blue hex value = hexadecimal color code, e.g. #FF9900

What is SVG?

Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) is a W3C-recommended language developed by various vendors, including Adobe, Microsoft and Sun. SVG uses XML to describe graphics and graphical applications. SVG allows you to create cross-platform animated movies. Not all SVG images are animated, but this application is common because SVG offers comprehensive animation support.

What are three practices in Internet marketing?

Search engine optimization (SEO) — the use of specific techniques to increase a page's or site's rank on a search engine (such as Google, Yahoo! or Bing). Such techniques are said to be "organic" because they do not include paid advertisements of any kind. SEO experts edit pages and sites to enable search engines to recognize the inherent value of the content and services on the site. Pay per click (PPC) — an Internet marketing technique in which you pay for high search engine results by advertising on keywords that describe your product or service. You pay your site hosts only when your ads are clicked by the user. Web analytics — The practice of collecting data and studying user behavior in an attempt to increase market share and sales.

What is SaaS?

Software as a Service (SaaS) is another term used to describe cloud computing because: The software responsible for providing the service cannot be downloaded and owned by the end user. It is available as a solution only on a remote basis. The software becomes available as a service either for free or for a fee. Many times, the service is available free for a certain period of time. Two versions of a service are often made available: The first version is usually a free service that is limited in some way or contains advertisements. The second version is an enhanced or "professional" service that contains no advertisements and is often full-featured. In some cases, the full-featured version is available either for a fee or in exchange for user profile information.

What are three drawbacks of using GUI editors to create Web pages?

Some GUI editors will alter or ignore any code you enter manually. For instance, you can manually add a paragraph tag <p/>, but the GUI editor may not recognize it. This situation can be frustrating if you want to format a Web page your own way. Many GUI editors have not kept pace with the evolution of HTML, and thus do not provide options for using some of the recently developed tags. You must upgrade your GUI editor if you want to begin using a later version of HTML. At the time of this writing, HTML5 was not supported by any open-source GUI or WYSIWYG HTML editors. Instead, an HTML5 template was required in KompoZer to produce the HTML5 <!DOCTYPE> declaration.

What are HTML entities?

Special non-keyboard character

Why do we need the alt attribute when using images on a web page?

Specifies alternative text to appear while the graphic is loading, or in place of the graphic in non-graphical browsers such as Lynx. This alternative text will also display if the image fails to load or if the user has configured his or her browser not to display images.

What is the purpose behind the table, th, td, and table caption?

Table Caption is the Title above the table. <th> is the table header title of the columns, <td> is the data that goes in each cells, and <table> element is used to enclose the other table elements.

What are three features of GUI Editors?

Templates and Wizards — allow you to create custom Web pages quickly by selecting from a series of choices. Text Style options — allow you to format text in different font styles, alter text size and color, and apply formats Icon bars — offer easily identifiable graphic icons to provide the same functions found in text-based menus. Image features — allow you to easily insert graphic images into a Web page. Hypertext Links features — allow you to create hypertext links to pages and files within your Web site, and to pages and files on the World Wide Web. Import HTML Pages features — allow you to open pages from the World Wide Web and, when permissible, save them to a Web site or local file system. Table Creation features — allow you to add tables to arrange data or organize a page layout. Spelling check— Most GUI editors provide an automatic spelling checker Publish Documents features — allow you to click a button to post pages to a Web server

What are the three types of form tags to use when creating forms?

The <input>, <select>, and <textarea> tags are used to create forms.

What is the select tag used for?

The <select> tag is a container tag used to create single-option and multiple-option select lists.

You can change the alignment for an individual cell or for an entire row. What is the CSS property you use to specify horizontal alignment? vertical alignment?

The CSS3 property you use to specify horizontal alignment is text-align. For vertical alignment, use the vertical-align property.

Name three video formats you can use in a website?

The MP4 video format (MPEG 4 files) is widely used., The WebM video format often uses the VP8 codec. VP8 is an open video compression format owned by Google., The Ogg uses the Theora format for HTML5 video, which is a free video compression format that can be distributed without licensing fees.

What are some branding concepts to consider when deciding on a brand?

The brand should be simple — Easy-to-remember logos or graphics make very good brands. People tend to remember simple things and ignore or forget complex things. The brand should be different — A business's brand will be easier to recollect if it is different from those of competing products or services. A truism of marketing is that a brand helps differentiate a company's product. An effective Web site can help with product differentiation. The brand should be safe — A business must ensure that its logo, icon or picture does not inadvertently offend its target market. Decision-makers must be aware of cultural, regional or national attitudes before deciding on a particular brand. However, you can still create an "edgy" brand as long as it will be perceived as acceptable by the company's key demographic. The brand should make a promise — The brand needs to clearly express to customers the most important benefits of the business's product or service. The brand should reflect the company'

If I have an image with the size of 100px wide and 100px tall. What happens if I change the width and height of the image to 200px by 200px using the width and height attribute in html?

The image will scale up but may look blurry or pixelated because it is displaying larger than intended.

What is the method attribute in a form tag?

The method attribute specifies the method by which the browser will send form data to a Web server. The two values are "Get" and "Post".

Describe inheritance or the "cascade" in CSS.

The style you define will flow, or cascade, throughout the documents, unless another style defined inside of a page specifically overrides it.

List three items a useful site map should include.

Topical hierarchy — A site map should clearly outline the site's sections in a visual, hierarchical format. However, do not provide only a graphic as a site map. Alternative browsers may not render the graphic, and alternative image text may not describe the graphic's content adequately for users who cannot see it. Aptly named site sections — Make sure that each section of your site is named accurately to enable users to find the pages they need. Search capability — Visitors might not find the exact information they seek even after consulting your site map.

What are three drawbacks of using text editors to create Web pages?

Typing code can be time-consuming, especially if you must learn the latest changes to code standards from the W3C. People with disabilities may find manual entry too time-consuming and/or too difficult. A text editor may require too much attention if you need only a simple page.

A portal is a Web site that acts as a centralized access point for other sites. What are the two types of portals and what do they do?

Vertical — a portal dedicated to one specific interest or Horizontal — a portal that provides links to various Web sites with no particular focus.

What are the HTML5 structural elements now used instead of tables to layout the structure of a webpage?

We now use structure tags. <header> — Top of the Web page, similar to the header in a word-processing document. <nav> — Defines navigation links, such as hypertext menus to access various pages of the Web site. <article> — Web site content, such as company services, articles, blogs, images and videos. <aside> — Content that is "aside" from the article content, such as advertisements or news feeds. <footer> — Bottom of the Web page, similar to the footer in a word-processing document.

What is Web 2.0?

Web 2.0 is a paradigm shift in the way the Internet is used compared with the Web 1.0 day. Web 2.0 involves a more open approach to the Internet that concentrates on developing the information-sharing and collaboration capabilities of the Web. Web 2.0 has enabled users to provide a significant amount of information on the Web, and there are no longer any restrictions on what they produce. Web 2.0 has also led to the development of Web-based communities and hosted services, such as social networking sites, video-sharing sites, wikis, blogs, RSS feeds, podcasts and so forth. The Web is now a resource through which users have the ability to generate and distribute content, as well as to update and modify it.

In CSS, what are the selector, property, value, declaration and rule. Give an example.

body Selector { background-color: Property lightblue; Value }

Which attributes for a textarea field set the size of the box for entering text?

cols, rows attributes

What are the four most common protocols you can specify in a hyperlink URL?

http, https, ftp, email (smtp)

Where do you go (URL) to use the W3C CSS Validation Service?

http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/

Where do you go (URL) to use the W3C Markup Validation Service?

http://validator.w3.org

What is an internal hyperlink?

provides a link from one point to another on a Web page.

What is the action attribute in a form tag?

specifies the name and location of the CGI script used to process the form