Campbell Chapter 6 pretest

The electron transport chain is a series of electron carrier molecules. In eukaryotes, where can this structure be found?

mitochondria

During glycolysis, a molecule of glucose is partially oxidized. What is the net gain of ATP and NADH for each glucose molecule? (

2 ATP and 2 NADH

Sodium fluoroacetate, or compound 1080, is a rodent poison that probably disrupts the citric acid cycle. In the body, the molecule is converted to a compound that prevents citrate from being used. Initially, when first exposed to this molecule, what is the theoretical energy produced per glucose molecule through the process of cellular respiration?

2 ATP, 4 NADH, and 0 FADH2

In the first stage of cellular respiration, two molecules of pyruvate are produced. In the remaining stages, a number of products are produced, including _____. These stages occur in the _____.

CO2 ... mitochondria

The electron transport chain is, in essence, a series of redox reactions that conclude cellular respiration. During these redox reactions, _____.

NAD+ is reduced, which then oxidizes an electron acceptor in the electron transport chain

What is the purpose of embedding the electron transport chain in the membrane of a cell?

The membrane is impermeable to H+.

What is the fate of the electrons that are stripped from glucose during cellular respiration?

They are used to form water.

Cellular respiration completely breaks down a glucose molecule through glycolysis and the citric acid cycle. However, these two processes yield only a few ATPs. The majority of the energy the cell derives from glucose is _____.

found in NADH and FADH2

Primarily, cellular respiration serves to _____.

make ATP to power the cell's activities

A muscle cell deprived of molecular oxygen will convert glucose to lactic acid to _____.

recycle NADH through fermentation

Using the ATP generated during cellular respiration, the intermediates of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle can be siphoned off and used _____.

to power the biosynthesis of amino acids, fats, and sugars

Fat is the most efficient molecule for long-term energy storage, even compared to carbohydrates, because _____.

with their numerous hydrogen atoms, fats provide an abundant source of high-energy electrons