Cancer

A patient who has ovarian cancer is crying and tells the nurse, "My husband rarely visits. He just doesn't care." The husband tells the nurse that he does not know what to say to his wife. Which problem is appropriate for the nurse to address in the plan of care? a. Death anxiety b. Anxiety c. Lack of knowledge d. Difficulty coping

D

A patient with cancer is eating very little due to altered taste sensation. Which nursing action would address the cause of the patient problem? a. Avoid giving the patient foods that are strongly disliked. b. Add protein powder to foods such as casseroles. c. Tell the patient to eat foods that are high in nutrition. d. Add spices to enhance the flavor of foods that are served.

A

A hospitalized patient who has received chemotherapy for leukemia develops neutropenia. Which observation by the nurse indicates a need for further teaching? a. The patient ambulates around the hospital. b. The patient cleans with a warm washcloth after having a stool. c. The patient requests a vegetarian diet. d. The patient uses soap and shampoo to shower every other day.

A

Which patient has the greatest risk for delayed wound healing? a. A 52-year-old obese woman with type 2 diabetes b. A 65-year-old woman with stress incontinence c. A 78-year-old man who has a history of hypertension d. A 30-year-old man who drinks 2 alcoholic beverages per day

A

The patient asks the nurse why they need viral load testing. The nurse responds that an undetectable HIV viral load (select all that apply) a. means that someone is unable to sexually transmit HIV. b. is the goal of HIV therapy. c. occurs with drug resistance. d. means that person is cured of HIV. e. is a sign of disease progression.

A , B

The nurse plans a presentation for community members about how to decrease the risk for antibiotic-resistant infections. Which information will the nurse include in the teaching plan? (Select all that apply.) a. Unused antibiotics from previous illnesses should be discarded. b. Antibiotics may sometimes be prescribed to prevent infection. c. Hand washing is effective in preventing many viral and bacterial infections. d. Continue taking antibiotics until all of the prescription is gone. e. Antibiotics are effective in treating influenza associated with high fevers.

A , B, C, D

Interventions to prevent health care-associated infections include (select all the apply). a. following hand-washing protocols. b. limiting visitors to persons over age 18. c. giving all patients prophylactic antibiotics. d. decontaminating equipment used for patient care. e. placing all patients on contact precautions.

A , D

Which patients are at most risk for pressure injuries? (Select all that apply) a. A patient with right sided-paralysis and fecal incontinence b. A young adult with tibial fracture from a motor vehicle accident c. An older adult who is alert and needs assistance to ambulate d. A morbidly obese patient who has an open abdominal wound e. A young adult patient with paraplegia after a gunshot wound f. An ambulatory patient who has occasional stress incontinence

A, D, E

A patient who is diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) tells the nurse, "I feel obsessed with morbid thoughts about dying." Which response by the nurse is appropriate? a. "It is important to focus on the good things about your life now." b. "Can you tell me more about the thoughts that you are having?" c. "Thinking about dying will not improve the course of AIDS." d. "Do you think that taking an antidepressant might be helpful?"

B

A patient with a large stomach tumor attached to the liver is scheduled for a debulking procedure. What should the nurse teach the patient about the outcome of this procedure? a. Relieving the pressure in the stomach will promote optimal nutrition. b. Decreasing the tumor size will improve the effects of other therapy. c. Tumor growth will be controlled by removing all the cancerous tissue. d. Pain will be relieved by cutting sensory nerves in the stomach.

B

A patient who has diabetes and acute abdominal pain is admitted for an exploratory laparotomy. When planning postoperative interventions to promote wound healing, what is the nurse's highest priority? a. Ensuring that the patient has an adequate dietary protein intake b. Giving antipyretics to keep the temperature less than 102° F (38.9° C) c. Maintaining the patient's blood glucose within a normal range d. Redressing the surgical incision with a dry, sterile dressing twice daily

C

A patient with leukemia is considering whether to have hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Which information should the nurse include in the patient's teaching plan? a. Donor bone marrow is transplanted through a sternal or hip incision. b. The transplant procedure takes place in a sterile operating room to decrease the risk for infection. c. Hospitalization is required for several weeks after the stem cell transplant. d. Transplant of the donated cells can be very painful because of the nerves in the tissue lining the bone.

C

The nurse designs a program to decrease the incidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the adolescent and young adult populations. Which information should the nurse assign as the highestpriority? a. Means to prevent transmission through blood transfusions. b. Methods to prevent perinatal HIV transmission. c. Prevention of HIV transmission between sexual partners. d. Ways to sterilize needles used by injectable drug users.

C

When working with a patient who has suspected tuberculosis, the nurse would a. wear a cloth mask b. Use airborne precautions without standard precautions c. place the patient on airborne precautions. d. wear a new gown each time they enter the room.

C

Which orders from the HCP should the nurse question in the plan of care for an older adult, immobile stroke patient with a pink, clean stage 3 pressure injury? a. Pack the wound with foam dressing b. Turn and position the patient every hour c. Clean the wound daily with cytotoxic solution d. Assess for pain and medicate before dressing change

C

A patient is admitted to the hospital with acute rejection of a kidney transplant. Which intervention will the nurse expect for this patient? a. Placement of the patient on the transplant waiting list b. Testing for human leukocyte antigen (HLA) match c. Insertion of an arteriovenous graft for hemodialysis d. Administration of immunosuppressant medications

D

A patient who is scheduled for a breast biopsy asks the nurse the difference between a benign tumor and a malignant tumor. Which answer by the nurse is accurate? a. "Benign tumors do not cause damage to other tissues." b. "Benign tumors are likely to recur in the same location." c. "Malignant cells reproduce more rapidly than normal cells." d. "Malignant tumors may spread to other tissues or organs."

D

A patient's 4 × 3-cm leg wound has a 0.4-cm black area in the center of the wound surrounded by yellow-green semiliquid material. Which dressing should the nurse apply to the wound? a. Nonadherent dressing b. Dry gauze dressing c. Transparent film dressing d. Hydrocolloid dressing

D

After change-of-shift report on the oncology unit, which patient would the nurse assess first? a. Patient who has a platelet count of 82,000/μL after chemotherapy. b. Patient who has xerostomia after receiving head and neck radiation. c. Patient who is worried about getting the prescribed long-acting opioid on time. d. Patient who is neutropenic and has a temperature of 100.5°F (38.1°C).

D

The nurse is advising a patient who was exposed 4 days ago to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) through unprotected sexual intercourse. The patient's antigen-antibody test has just been reported as negative for HIV. What information should the nurse give to this patient? a. "You do not need to fear infecting others." b. "We won't know for about 10 years if you have HIV infection." c. "With no symptoms and this negative test, you do not have HIV." d. "You will need to be retested in 2 weeks."

D

The nurse reviews the laboratory results of a patient who is receiving chemotherapy. Which laboratory result is most important to report to the health care provider? a. Platelets 95,000/µL b. Hematocrit 30% c. Hemoglobin 10 g/L d. White blood cells (WBC) 2700/µL

D

The nurse supervises the care of a patient with a temporary radioactive cervical implant. Which action by assistive personnel (AP), if observed by the nurse, would require an intervention? a. The AP gives the patient an alcohol-containing mouthwash to use for oral care. b. The AP places the patient's bedding in the laundry container in the hallway. c. The AP flushes the toilet once after emptying the patient's bedpan. d. The AP stands by the patient's bed for 30 minutes talking with the patient.

D