CARDIO QUESTIONS PREP U
The most important long-term goal for a client with hypertension is to: You selected: Make a commitment to long-term therapy. Correct Explanation: Compliance is the most critical element of hypertension therapy. In most cases, hypertensive clients require lifelong treatment and their hypertension cannot be managed successfull... (more)
...A client receives a pacemaker to treat a recurring arrhythmia. When monitoring the cardiac rhythm strip, the nurse observes extra pacemaker spikes that don't precede a beat. Which condition should the nurse suspect? You selected: Asystole Incorrect Correct response: Failure to capture Explanation: Extra pacemaker spikes that don't precede a beat may indicate failure to capture, in which the pacemaker fires but the heart doesn't conduct the beat. In failure to pace, the pacemaker doesn't fire when it should; this causes hypotension and other signs of low cardiac output accompanied by bradycardia or a heart rate slower than the pacemaker's preset rate. In failure to sense, the pacemaker can't sense the client's intrinsic heartbeat; on the rhythm strip, spikes may fall on T waves, or they may fall regularly but at points at which they shouldn't appear. An absent heart rate or rhythm, reflected as a flat line on the rhythm strip, characterizes asystole. (less)
A client has been diagnosed with vasospastic disorder (Raynaud's phenomenon) on the tip of the nose and fingertips. The physician has prescribed reserpine (Serpasil) to determine if the client will obtain relief. The client lives in Vermont and works outside. The client smokes two packs of cigarettes per day. Which of the following should be included in the discharge plan for this client? Select all that apply. You selected: • Finding employment that can be done in a warm environment. • Reporting signs of orthostatic hypotension. • Stopping smoking. • Wearing a face covering and gloves in the winter. Incorrect Correct response: • Stopping smoking. • Wearing a face covering and gloves in the winter. • Reporting signs of orthostatic hypotension. Explanation: Vasospastic disorder (Raynaud's disease) is a form of intermittent arteriolar vasoconstriction that results in coldness, pain, and pallor of the fingertips, toes, or tip of the nose, and a rebound circulation with redness and pain. The nurse should instruct the client to stop smoking because nicotine is a vasoconstrictor. An adverse effect of reserpine is orthostatic hypotension. The client should report dizziness and low blood pressure as it may be necessary to consider stopping the drug. The client should prevent vasoconstriction by covering affected parts when in cold environments. The nurse can teach the client to rewarm exposed extremities by using warm water or placing them next to the body, such as under the axilla. It is not realistic to ask this client to change jobs at this time. (less)
A client with a myocardial infarction (MI) develops pulmonary crackles and dyspnea. A chest X-ray shows evidence of pulmonary edema. The specific type of MI the client had is most probably: You selected: posterior. Incorrect Correct response: anterior. Explanation: An anterior MI causes left ventricular dysfunction and can lead to manifestations of heart failure, which include pulmonary crackles and dyspnea. Posterior, lateral, and inferior M... (more)
The nurse is preparing the client with a cerebrovascular accident for discharge to home. Which of the following factors would most likely influence the client's continuing progress in rehabilitation at home? You selected: The client's ability to ambulate. Incorrect Correct response: The family's ability to provide support to the client. Explanation: The strong support of family members is frequently identified as an important factor that influences a cerebrovascular accident client's continuing progress in rehabilitation aft... (more)
The most common site of aneurysm formation is in the: You selected: abdominal aorta, just below the renal arteries. Correct Explanation: About 75% of aneurysms occur in the abdominal aorta, just below the renal arteries (Debakey type I aneurysms). Debakey type II aneurysms occur in the aortic arch around the ascendi... (more)
