CARDIOLOGY FISDAP UNIT EXAM
In an adult, a pulse rate of 50 is called
Bradycardia
Aspirin is administered to patients with chest pain because it
Breaks up blood clots occluding the vessel
A 68 year old female with a cardiac history is complaining of shortness of breath. Ausculation reveals crackles bilaterally. You should suspect
CHF
An 80 year old male presents with shortness of breath, fatigue, peripheral edema, and jugular vein distention. Breath sounds reveal crackles and rhonchi. The most likely cause is
CHF
A 36 year old female with a history of congenital heart defects is slow to respond. She has pale, cool, and clammy skin. Vitals are BP 68/30, P 128, and R 26. What should you suspect?
Cardiogenic shock
A 40 year old patient with a history of coronary artery disease and recent mastectomy is complaining of chest discomfort. Vitals are P 120, R 22, BP 80/54. You should suspect
Cardiogenic shock
A 73 year old female has chest pain and shortness of breath with bilateral crackles. Vitals are BP 80/40, P 112, R 22. What is the most likely cause?
Cardiogenic shock
If the heart lacks enough power to pump the proper volume of blood through the circulatory system, it is known as
Cardiogenic shock
A patient has been in cardiac arrest for seven minutes after being struck by lightning. You should
Check the ABCs
A 49 year old male with a history of heart problems complains of chest pressure and shortness of breath. You should assist him in taking his prescribed nitroglycerin if he
Complains of a headache and he has a BP of 132/90
You just arrived at the scene of a 75 year old male with generalized weakness and chest pain. He has not taken his prescribed medications: nitroglycerin, aspirin, and atenolol. You should
Contact medical control to assisst the patient with his nitroglycerin
CPR has been ongoing for ten minutes on a patient in cardiac arrest. An AED has just been applied and is ready to analyze. You should
Continue CPR until a shock is advised
An adult patient is in cardiac arrest with bystander CPR in progress. What should you do?
Continue CPR while your partner attaches the AED
The vessels that supply the myocardium are called
Coronary arteries
Emergency Medical Responders have been performing effective CPR on a patient in cardiac arrest. Upon your arrival the AED indicates "shock advised." What should you do?
Defibrillate the patient
The pulmonary artery carries
Deoxygenated blood away from the heart
When do coronary arteries fill with blood?
Diastole
You have just defibrillated a patient who now has a pulse and effective respirations. In which position should you place him?
Recovery
You shocked a patient back into a normal rhythm with an AED. During transport, the patient becomes cyanotic and pulseless. What should you do?
Start CPR, and request the EMS unit to stop
A cardiac arrest patient has been "down" for six minutes without any care. What should you do?
Start chest compressions
Nitroglycerin is a medication which is typically administer
Sublingually
A 62 year old male complains of chest pain and lightheadedness. Vitals are BP 88/56, P 126, R 18. What is the best position for this patient?
Supine
a 64 year old patient states "I feel like I am about to die." Nitroglycerin and oxygen have not decreased her chest pain. Vitals are BP 90/66, P 60, R 24. You should
Transport immediately
a 48 year old male complains of 8/10 crushing chest pain that radiates to his neck. Vitals are BP 112/78, P 60, R 18. The patient's daily medications include Metoprolol, Ciallis, and aspirin. What should you do?
Transport rapidly in a position of comfort to the closest facility
A patient who collapsed has been revived following one shock with an AED. She is now moaning and breathing on her own. What should you do?
Turn her on her side and monitor her airway
Blood enters the right atrium from the
Vena cava
The systolic blood pressure measures pressure during which of the following?
Ventricular contraction
Which electrical cardiac disturbance will an Automatic External Defibrillator (AED) shock?
Ventricular fibrillation
After an AED has analyzed a patient, the machine states "shock advised." The most likely cause is
Ventricular tachycardia
Which patient is most likely to benefit from an AED?
A 54 year old choking patient who is unresponsive with no carotid pulse
a 57 year old female developed severe weakness and mild shortness of breath while shoveling snow. She is diaphoretic and complaining of nausea and jaw pain. You should suspect
Acute MI
A 78 year old diabetic patient with a syncopal episode now complains of anxiety, shortness of breath, and back pain. You should suspect
Acute coronary syndrome
A buildup of calicum and cholesterol form plaque inside a blood vessel which would most likely cause
Acute coronary syndrome
A patient is complaining of substernal chest pain with radiating pain to his back and jaw. The pain is not relieved with rest. You should suspect
Acute myocardial infarction
A 66 year old female called EMS for chest pain. Prior to calling she took three doses of her prescribed sublingual nitroglycerin with no relief. What should you do?
Administer oxygen
A 67 year old male with a history of asthma complains of chest tightness and shortness of breath. He took one nitroglycerin tablet without relief. He is pale and sweaty with SpO2 76%. What should you do?
Administer oxygen by non-rebreather mask
A 36 year old female complains of chest pain. She is conscious and alert with SpO2 of 93%. You should
Administer oxygen via nasal cannula at 4lpm
During CPR, why is the upstroke of the compression critical?
Allows blood to fill the heart chamber
A patient was struck by lightning. You should suspect
An irregular heartbeat
A 54 year old male complains of chest tightness after raking leaves for an hour. The pain subsided after he rested and took two nitroglycerin tablets. He has had very similar episodes in the past. He is most likely experiencing
Angina Pectoris
Which of the following is the target artery in the body?
Aorta
A patient presents with a sudden onset of tearing chest pain, absent radial pulse on the right arm, and a history of high blood pressure. You should suspect
Aortic dissection
Which vessels regulate regional blood flow to the capillary beds?
Arterioles
You are in an airport and see an adult collapse. As you get the AED from the wall, a bystander starts CPR. If indicated, you should. deliver you first shock
As soon as possible on arrival at the patient's side
During the primary assessment, q 57 year old says they have chest pain and points to her epigastric area. What should you do?
Assess breathing
a 76 year old male was in cardiac arrest. You administered one shock, and at the 2 minute pulse check, you feel a strong carotid pulse. What should you do?
Assess for breathing and manage his airway if necessary
An asthmatic 50 year old female is sitting at her desk. She is anxious and complaining of tightness in her chest. You should
Assist her with her prescribed inhaler
An 84 year old with a history of heart problems complains of chest pain. The chest pain started 30 minutes ago while at rest. BP 110/70, P 92, R 20, SpO2 95%. What should you do?
Assist the patient with their prescribed nitroglycerin
During adult CPR, you should compress the chest
At least 2 inches
A sudden, severe increase in blood pressure is called a
Hypertensive crisis
You observe an older male slump to the floor. He is pulseless. What should you do?
Immediately start chest compressions
a 54 year old female suddenly becomes pulseless and apneic. What should you do?
Immediately start chest compressions
What is the cause of heart failure?
Inadequate ejection of blood from the ventricles
What is the primary action of nitroglycerin?
It dilates the coronary arteries
After blood has been oxygenated, it returns to the heart by entering the
Left atrium
A 60 year old patient is short of breath and cyanotic. Lung sounds reveal crackles and you notice accessory muscle use. You should suspect
Left sided heart failure
During CPR, which of the following is most important?
Minimal interuptions to chest compressions
Which valve controls the blood flow between the left atrium and the left ventricle?
Mitral
a 69 year old male is lying in his bed and complains of chest pain. During your assessment he becomes unresponsive and pulseless. What should you do?
Move him onto a hard surface
A 65 year old male complains of weakness and indigestion that began this morning. Vital signs are BP 150/90, P 116, R 24. You should suspect
Myocardial infarction
A 76 year old female is sitting in a tripod position complaining of abdominal discomfort, nausea, dizziness, and fatigue. She has take 2 nitroglycerin tablets without relief. You should suspect
Myocardial infarction
A patient complains of chest pain radiating to both of his shoulders after dinner. He is pale, diaphoretic and slightly short of breath. The pain worsens with a deep breath. Vitals BP 150/90, P 120 and irregular, R 20. You should suspect
Myocardial infarction
An oriented 78 year old female with pale, moist skin is complaining of indigestion. Vitals are BP 180/90, P 116 and irregular, R 24 and regular. You should suspect
Myocardial infarction
What is the muscular middle layer of the heart?
Myocardium
Within two minutes of assisting your patient with his third nitroglycerin tablet, he complains of dizziness and becomes sweaty. Radial pulses are present, rapid, and weak. You should suspect that the
Nitroglycerin caused vasodilation and decreased perfusion
A 67 year old male has a significant shortness of breath, chest pain, and nausea. He is ashen and clammy. Vitals are BP 90/60, P 148, R 34. You should
Place the patient in a supine position
While performing chest compressions, you should
Position your shoulders over your hands
What action does aspirin have in the body that makes it beneficial for patients experiencing acute myocardial infarction?
Preventing platelets from clotting
Which of the following is a sign or symptom of cardiogenic shock?
Progressive hypotension
A 48 year old patient complains of difficulty breathing. Patient's history reveals an acute myocardial infarction eight months ago. Vitals are BP 144/88, P 110, R24. Ausculation reveals crackles in the lung bases. You should suspect
Pulmonary edema
A child is in cardiac arrest with an unknown down time. What should you do?
Perform CPR while attaching AED
At what rate should single rescuer CPR be performed for a 17 year old female?
120 chest compressions/minute
Chronic hypertension in adults typically begins at a pressure of higher than
140/90
A 44 year old female awakened with shortness of breath complaining of indigestion, nausea and epigastric pressure. Antacids didn't help. You should suspect
Gastroesophageal reflux disease
What best describes PEA?
Organized electrical activity without a pulse
