CCJ 240 Test 2 (Ch 5-8)
Solitary confinement typically means that individuals are held for a total of ______ hours a day in their cells.
21-23
In 2011, _______ of juvenile offenders were placed in a group home.
30%
1 out of every _____ adults in the United States are on probation.
61
On average, a 1,000 prison jail turns over ______ inmates in a year.
750
In 2012, ________ of parolees were male.
89%
Which of the following amendments protects against cruel and unusual punishment.
8th
Which of the following states entered a complex and far reaching consent decree to remedy harsh conditions? A. Alabama B. California C. Florida D. New York
California
Which of the following are examples of common structural elements of prisons? A. Armed guard towers B. Surveillance cameras C. External and internal patrols D. All of the above
D. All of the Above
Which of the following are examples of conditions of probation that could be assigned to an offender? A. Mental Health Housing B. Occupational Training C. Family Therapy D. All of the Above
D. All of the Above
Which of the following are examples of how to avoid illegal treatment? A. Treatment B. Education C. Job Training D. All of the Above
D. All of the Above
Which of the following are examples of what prison architects plan for? Location B. Climate C. Cost D. All of the above
D. All of the Above
Which of the following are examples public order offenses? Drunk driving B. Liquor law violations C. Commercialized vice D. All of the above
D. All of the Above
Which of the following groups is an example of what probations can specialize in? A. Gangs B. Sex Offenders C. Domestic Violence Cases D. All of the Above
D. All of the Above
Which of the following is an example of an agency tasked with translating probation philosophy into policy? A. Service Providers B. Probation Department C. Court System D. All of the Above
D. All of the Above
Which of the following is not a function of a prison? A. Retribution B. Deterrence C. Incapacitation D. Rehabilitation
D. Rehabilitation
The first reform schools opened in California.
False
There are no state and regional differences when it comes to prison populations.
False
Boot camps held less than ______ of youth in residential placement in 2011.
1%
The first statewide juvenile correctional facility was built in
1847
1 out of every ____ individuals were incarcerated in prisons at the end of 2012.
200
Which of the following is not an example of challenges that ex-offenders face when they are re-entering society. A. Locating housing in the public market B. Subject to discrimination and stigma C. Expensive deposits and high rent D. Geographic limitations
A
Which of the following level of government does not administer probation? A. Federal B. State C. County D. City
A. Federal
Which of the following groups is often considered the largest segment of youth in residential placement? A. Whites B. African Americans C. Latinos/Hispanics D. Asian Americans
B
Which of the following is not an example of a mechanical force that is used to control an offender's behavior? A. Handcuffs B. Pepper spray C. Straightjackets D. Shackles
B
All of the following are examples of technical violations except? A. Failing a drug test B.Keeping appointments with probation officer C. Not paying restitution fines D. Missing Work
B. Keeping appointments
Which of the following was not further developed by criminologist Zebulon Brockway? A. Supervised release B. Rehabilitation C. Solitary confinement D. Indeterminate sentencing
C
Which of the following are employment areas that bar ex-offenders? A. Medicine B. Law C. Education D. All of the above
D
Which of the following are examples of services/rights that prisoners do not have once they are released from prison? A. Welfare B. Hold political office C. To vote D. All of the above
D
Which of the following are characteristics of a medium security prison? A. Gun towers are present B. Dormitory style housing C. Razor wire perimeters D. All of the above
D. All of the Above
The roots of probation go back to the 1200s in ______.
England
EBP
Evidence-Based Practice
Between 2011 and 2012, 31 states have reported an increase in probation.
False
Captain Alexander Maconochie was the superintendent of an Irish Penal colony in 1840.
False
EBP's have been subject to rigorous evaluation and have been found ineffective.
False
Elected officials are not stakeholders in parole.
False
High-risk offenders are more likely to recidivate if there is a high level of intervention.
False
In the 1960s and 1970s, approaches to community supervision were guided by the deterrence theory.
False
Individuals convicted of felonies fall under the state jurisdiction.
False
Males are more likely than females to be placed in residential facilities for status offenses.
False
Parole is most often administered by local authorities.
False
Prisoners have low rates of infectious diseases.
False
Probation is administered only at the city level.
False
Probation officer recommendations do not exert a lot of influence.
False
Probation officers serve only the law enforcement perspective.
False
Probationers are the most serious offenders in the corrections system.
False
The "super predator" myth was created by a professor from A. Yale B. Harvard C. Princeton D. Vanderbilt
Princeton
95% of prisoners are eventually released back into society.
True
California was the first state to help create a classification system that would improve consistency.
True
Educators can serve on parole boards.
True
In 2009 the state prison population decreased slightly.
True
Juvenile just systems are different in each state and locality.
True
Panopticon means "all seeing."
True
Parole refers to a person's food world to maintain acceptable behavior.
True
Probation is the most utilized option in the corrections system.
True
Probation was legally established in all states in 1956.
True
Specialty courts were developed as a response to high rates of failure in parole and probation.
True
Terms of supervised release are used most often used in the federal corrections system.
True
Texas has the largest prison population in the nation.
True
The Missouri Model has become known as the most effective practice in the U.S.
True
The Society for the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency opened up the first House of Refuge in 1825.
True
The age at which a youth is automatically tried in adult court varies by state.
True
The incarceration rate for states is higher than the federal incarceration rate.
True
Wards of the House of Refuge would be placed on ships to work for the emerging merchant machines.
True
