Cell - Anatomy and Division Lab

This membranous organelle resembles a stack of flattened sacs with bulbous ends and associated vesicles.

Golgi apparatus

________ are membranous sacs that detoxify harmful chemicals.

Peroxisomes

________ are tiny finger like projections on some cell surfaces that increase the surface area for absorption of materials.

Microvilli

________ carry out specific functions inside cells, whereas ________ store glycogen, lipids, pigments, and other substances.

Organelles, inclusions

In which stage of the cell cycle do chromosomes condense?

Prophase

The nucleus of the cell contains its genes, which are sections of ________.

DNA

In which stage of the cell cycle do chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell?

Metaphase

In which stage of the cell cycle does the mitotic spindle form?

Prophase

In which stage of the cell cycle does the nuclear envelope disappear?

Prophase

The plasma membrane not only provides a protective boundary for the cell but also determines which substances enter or exit the cell. We call this characteristic __________.

selective permeability

Because these organelles are responsible for providing most of the ATP needed by the cell, they are often referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell. They are the __________.

mitochondria

In which phase(s) of mitosis do the chromosomes contain a single copy of DNA?

telophase and anaphase Submit

Some antifungal medications work by blocking DNA synthesis in the fungal cell. During which phase of the cell cycle do these medications work?

S phase

This organelle stores and transports proteins, and synthesizes phospholipids and cholesterol.

endoplasmic reticulum

All animal cells have a cell wall.

False

Plasma cells are key to the immune response because they secrete antibodies. Given that antibodies are made of protein, which membrane-enclosed cell organelle would you expect the plasma cells to have in abundance?

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

In which stage of the cell cycle do sister chromatids separate and move to opposite ends of the cell?

Anaphase

When a cell is NOT dividing, the DNA is loosely spread throughout the nucleus in a threadlike form called __________.

chromatin

The nucleus, plasma membrane and ________ are the three major regions of cells that can readily be seen with a light microscope.

cytoplasm

During __________ the cell grows and performs its usual activities.

interphase

This organelle digests other worn-out organelles and foreign substances that have entered the cell.`

lysosome

Name the rod-shaped organelles that have a double-membrane wall and that oxidize foodstuffs to make ATP.

mitochondria

During this phase of mitosis, the mitotic spindle forms and the nuclear envelope fragments.

prophase

In which stage of the cell cycle do chromosomes decondense?

Telophase

In which stage of the cell cycle does the nuclear envelope reform?

Telophase

What event immediately precedes anaphase?

Chromosomes cluster at the midline of the cell.

________ is/are a contractile ring of actin microfilaments that eventually results in the division of the cytoplasm.

Cleavage furrow

The end product of mitosis is four genetically identical daughter nuclei.

False

During ________, the shortest phase of mitosis, chromosomes are pulled toward the poles of the cell.

anaphase

Name the structural and functional unit of all living things. __________

cell

________ molecules form the major component of the plasma membrane and are arranged in the form of a bilayer.

phospholipid

You are observing a slide that contains cells undergoing cell division, and you have focused on a cell that has darkly staining X-shaped chromosomes that appear loose throughout the cell. You cannot see a nuclear envelope. This cell is in ________.

prophase

Proteins are assembled on these organelles. __________

ribosomes

The plasma membrane allows nutrients to enter the cell and keeps undesirable substances out of the cell. It also allows wastes to pass out of the cell and keeps valuable cell proteins inside the cell. This property is called ________.

selective permeability

This organelle is particularly important during cell division. It directs the formation of the mitotic spindle.

centriole

Which of the following is not considered to be a cytoskeletal element?

centrioles

These small bodies are found inside the nucleus of the cell. Made of proteins and RNA, these structures assemble ribosomes. They are ________.

nucleoli

The end product of cell division by mitosis is ________.

2 genetically identical daughter cells Submit

DNA replication occurs during __________.

interphase