cervical spine test
in conduction a clinical history for a cervical spine injury, the examiner would be concerned with which of the following signs and symptoms?
all of the above
postural deviation to the cervical and thoracic spine are often funtional and are caused by
all the above
what does the articulation between the anterior arch of the atlas and the dens form?
atlano- axial joint
name two tests that are used to check for an upper motor neuron lesion and state what a positive test for each
babinski: toes splay oppenheim: great toe extends
all of the following could be causes for nerve root impingement except
brachial plexus compression
which of the following muscles is not a site for typical reflex testing in the brachial plexus
brachialis
most brachial plexus injuries involve the upper trunk and involve which nerve root
c5-6
a sensory test over the lateral forearm would identify the dermatome of which nerve root
c6
the cricoid cartilage is located anterior of what cervical vertebra level?
c6
At which levels do cervical dislocations primarily occur?
c6-c7
the tricep reflex is associated with which nerve root
c7
Which 2 cervical vertebrae have spinous processes that protrude further posteriorly & are more distinct than the other cervical vertebrae?
c7 c2
thumb extension represents the motor nerve test for which nerve root
c8
What test can confirm the narrowing of the intervertebral foramen secondary to exostosis, enlargement, or irritation of the nerve root's dural sheath and degeneration of the facet joints?
cervical compression test
which of the following injuries poses a potential complication to the neurological structure in the cervical spine
chronic cervical joint instability
a decerebrate posture is defined when there is flexion of elbows and wrists, clenched fists, and extension of the lower extremity
false
cervical fractures alone tend to cause spinal cord trauma
false
the dens is a superior projection off of the atlas and allows for rotation
false
the first position of the ULTT includes passive lateral flexion of the cervical spine toward the side not being test and depression of the shoulder girdle on the side not being tested?
false
when completing the brachial plexus tension test, a positive sign for tension pathology is radiating pain on the side toward the lateral bending.
false
which method is more reliable in determining cervical range of motion?
inclinometer measurement
where is erb's point and why is it significant in c-spine eval?
its int he most superficial part of brachial plexus, anterior to traps, posterior to middle 3rd of clavicle. need to locate to rule out brachial plexus injuries
which of the following is not a TOS test
jacksons
which represents the correct beginning testing maneuver for the spurling test ?
lateral flexion and axial compression
the supraspinous ligament is called the ___ in the cervical region
ligamentum nuchea
which muscle group sits deep and lateral to the semispinalis group?
longissimus capitis and longissimus cervicis
in what shape is the cervical spine of a patient considered healthy?
lordotic curve
in determining TOS, the special tests are attempting to reproduce signs and symptoms that affect
motor function
the difference between a nerve root injury in the cervical spine and brachial plexus stretch int he shoulder is that brachial plexus injury will be characterized by
multiple nerve roots involved and transient loss of upper-extremity function
what are the symptoms we are looking for during the vertebral artery test? what do they confirm
nystagmus, dizziness, lightheadeness indicate loss of blood flow to brain
which special test is preformed by running a blunt object or fingernail across the crest of the anteromedial tibia of a patient who has suffered from an acute head injury?
oppenheim test
in what special test does a patient actively abduct an arm so that the hand rests on top of the head and must maintain this position for 30 sec to determine whether a nerve root compression exists?
shoulder abduction
which statement is false concerning cervical intervertebral discs?
the disc structure is the same as in the lumbar region
which is not correct when conducting the vertebral artery test?
the examiner passively flexes the cervical spine
which of the following is not a typical indication of a positive cervical compression test?
thoracic outlet syndrome
A congenital or acquired spasm of the sternocleidomastoid muscle that causes rotation of the chin opposite the side of the tilt is commonly referred to as what condition?
torticollis
what do the vertebral and veins pass through?
transverse foramen
symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome can mimic those of a cervical nerve root impingement
true
the transverse processes of the atlas are longer than those of the other cervical vertebra, except c7
true
Axial loading of the cervical spine combined with what other motion is most likely to produce a catastrophic injury?
flexion
a focal hyperirritable area on a muscle that cam refer pain to other areas, mimicking nerve pain, is known as a
trigger point
although spearing is illegal in football, it still occurs in 19% of football plays
true
cervical radiculitis refers to pain that radiates down the arm when pressure is applied to a nerve root
true
positive cervical distraction relief test occurs when pain is reduced or subsisdes
true
a postive test for the babinkis test would be
great toe extension, lesser toes splay
research has shown that the upper limb tension test (ULTT) only demonstrates adequate results for which nerve?
median
four primary functions of spinal column
protect spinal cord allow movement hold bod upright support
The lamina groove is located between which two bony landmarks of the vertebrae?
spinous process and transverse process
spurlings test is a modification of the c-spine compression test. explain the difference
spurlings: passively extends/flexes the head c-spine compression: presses down
what is the least common form of thoracic outlet syndrome?
vascular
dizzines or nystagmus caused by passive neck extension, lateral flexion, and eventual rotation are signs and symptoms implicating the
vertebral artery