Ch 1

Identify the body cavities of the trunk

(2) major cavities separated by the diaphragm 1) thoracic cavity 2) abdominalpelvic cavity

Which word root, prefix, or suffix refers to "pain"? Which word root, prefix, or suffix refers to "pain"? lyso- -osis -algia patho-

-algia

Which of the following is a direct example of the study of physiology?

.Measuring heart rate and noting blood pressure.

Which scenario(s) exemplifies the relationship between form and function? Which scenario(s) exemplifies the relationship between form and function? Weakened heart valves are unable to prevent blood from flowing backward in the heart. Abnormally shaped hemoglobin leads to a reduced ability to carry oxygen. The "thinning" of bone, which occurs as one ages, may lead to an increased risk of bone fracture. All of the above.

All

(3) Sectional planes

Coronal (Frontal) - parallel to long axis; divides anterior/ventral & posterior/dorsal Sagittal (mid- & para-) - parallel to long axis; divides left & right Transverse (horizontal/cross section) - perpendicular to long axis; divides superior & inferior

Abdominalpelvic Cavity

Everything deep to abdominal and pelvic walls 2 sections Abdominal cavity Contains many digestive glands and organs Pelvic cavity Contains urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and last portion of the digestive tract Pelvic Cavity

In what country was anatomy established as a discipline studied by medical professionals?

Italy

Thoracic Cavity

Mediastinum Contains connective tissue AND the pericardial cavity containing the heart

Integration Scenario 1. The process of labor is an example of a positive feedback loop, because The process of labor is an example of a positive feedback loop, because The process is painful and potentially harmful The body amplifies the change in conditions The delivery of a baby after labor is very beneficial, or "positive," for the body The result creates more or a higher level of something (in this case more cervix stretching) 2. Based on the description of the organs' relative locations, which organ would the surgeons see first if looking into the incision? Based on the description of the organs' relative locations, which organ would the surgeons see first if looking into the incision? Cervix Bladder Uterus Rectum 3. What other organ are the surgeons likely to find in the hypogastric region? What other organ are the surgeons likely to find in the hypogastric region? Heart Stomach Liver Small intestine

The body amplifies the change in conditions bladder sm intestine

How are the skeletal system and muscular system related or similar in function? How are the skeletal system and muscular system related or similar in function? The skeletal system provides mineral storage while the muscular system functions in the absorption of minerals. They both function in support within the human body. They both function in blood formation. They both produce heat.

They both function in support within the human body.

In the example of blood clotting that occurs after a severe cut: In the example of blood clotting that occurs after a severe cut: negative feedback is the primary mechanism. the effector, activated by the control center, opposes the original stimulus. the clotting process decelerates as the damage to cells in the blood vessel wall releases chemicals. a positive feedback loop occurs.

a positive feedback loop occurs.

If a surgeon makes an incision just inferior to the diaphragm, what body cavity will be opened?

abdominopelvic cavity

Anatomically, the forearm is known as which of the following? Anatomically, the forearm is known as which of the following? brachium antecubitis antebrachium pollex

antebrachium

In the anatomical position, describe an anterior view and a posterior view

anterior is front; posterior is back of body

Regarding cells and the cell theory: Regarding cells and the cell theory: bone cells are the structural building blocks of all plants and animals. neurons are the most abundant cells in the body. only reproductive cells are produced by the divisions of preexisting cells. cells are the smallest structural units that perform all vital functions.

cells are the smallest structural units that perform all vital functions.

Contrast the descriptions used by clinicians and anatomists when referring to the positions of injuries or internal organs of the abdomen and pelvis.

clinicians use 4 quadrants for aches & pains anatomists use 9 abdominopelvic regions which are more precise for location & orientation of internal organs

What is one of the major functions of the lymphoid system? What is one of the major functions of the lymphoid system? directing immediate responses to stimuli internal transport of nutrients, waste, and gases defense against infection and disease mineral storage

defense against infection and disease

In which process can the released chemicals be used to generate energy or to support growth? In which process can the released chemicals be used to generate energy or to support growth? adaptation excretion circulation digestion

digestion

The ankle is ______ to the knee. The ankle is ______ to the knee. proximal medial superficial distal

distal

In the homeostatic regulation example of ambient temperature control, the air conditioner functions as the: In the homeostatic regulation example of ambient temperature control, the air conditioner functions as the: receptor. control center. effector. stimulus.

effector

The extracellular matrix of connective tissues consists of which of the following? The extracellular matrix of connective tissues consists of which of the following? ground substance and nuclei nuclei and fibers fibers and ground substance glandular secretions and ground substance (there are no nuclei in matrix)

fibers and ground substance

Which term refers to moving away from the body's midline?" Which term refers to moving away from the body's midline?" lateral superficial medial distal

lateral

Which languages are the source of many modern anatomical terms?

latin & greek

Which organ system directs immediate responses to stimuli? Which organ system directs immediate responses to stimuli? reproductive system nervous system endocrine system lymphoid system

nervous

In which body cavity are the female reproductive organs found?

pelvic

A massage therapist often begins a massage by asking clients to lie face down with their arms at their sides. What anatomical term describes that position?

prone

Describe two essential functions of true body cavities.

protect allow change shape & size

What type of section would separate the two eyes?

sagittal plane

Describe a person in the anatomical position.

standing up eyes forward, hands to side, palms forward (out), feet together & forward laying down up = supine down=prone

Define the word eponym. for achilles tendon brocas center eustachean tube krebs cycle

things named after the discoverer or most famous victim of a disease calcadean tendon speech center auditory tube citric acid cycle

What is the purpose of directional and sectional terms?

to use anatomical positions for specific points of reference & also important when looking at images and slides

Which sectional plane would separate the thorax from the abdomen? Which sectional plane would separate the thorax from the abdomen? sagittal frontal median transverse

transverse