Ch 10 Muscle Tissue

Based on their names, a biceps muscle has ____ heads/proximal tendons and a triceps muscle has ____ heads/proximal tendons.

2 ; 3

Muscle fibers in a muscle on the anterior side of the arm may be as long as ______.

35 cm

Based on its name, the quadriceps femoris muscle is a muscle of the thigh that has ______ muscle heads/proximal tendons.

4

name of the component of a muscle fiber with its description: muscle fiber

A muscle cell

According to the sliding filament theory, the length of the ____ band remains constant, but the _____ zone disappears.

A, H

M-line

Appears as a dark protein disc in center of H zone

The endomysium is composed of what type of connective tissue?

Areolar

Match the muscle name with its location: Brachial

Arm

Match the muscle name with its location: Hallucis

Big toe

Posture

Contraction of specific skeletal muscles stabilizes joints

Match the muscle type with its action: Flexor

Decreases angle at a joint

Match the muscle name with the shape or size: Longus

Elongate

At maximal contraction of a muscle fiber, the thin filaments are pulled into this zone, and the ______ zone disappears.

H

In a relaxed muscle fiber there are no thin filaments overlapping the thick filaments in the ______ zone.

H

The Z-disc is a thin transverse protein structure in the center of the ______ band.

I

Match the muscle type with its action: Extensor

Increases angle at a joint

Match the muscle name with the shape or size: Major

Large

I-band

Light band containing thin filaments only

H-zone

Lighter region in the middle of an A band

The _____ line is a thin transverse protein meshwork structure in the center of the H zone of a relaxed muscle fiber.

M

The middle of the H zone contains the ______.

M

Z-disc

Made of dark proteins called connectins

Match the muscle name with its location: Oris

Mouth

Match the muscle type with its action: Abductor

Moves a part away from the midline

Match the muscle type with its action: Adductor

Moves a part toward the midline

Match the muscle name with the shape or size: Brevis

Short

Match the muscle name with the shape or size: Minor

Small

name of the component of a muscle fiber with its description: sarcoplasmic reticulum

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum in a muscle fiber

Match the name of the muscle cell component with its function: myofibrils

Thick and thin filaments

In cross section of the lateral part of an A-band, each ______ filament is surrounded by six ______ filaments

Thin; thick

Match the muscle name with its location: Pollicis

Thumb

Match the muscle name with the shape or size: Deltoid

Triangular

storage and movement of materials

Voluntary sphincter muscles of the gastrointestinal and urinary tracts can be kept closed or opened.

Match the muscle name with its location: Carpi

Wrist

As a result of muscle fiber contraction the ______ lines or discs in one sarcomere move closer together.

Z

A sarcomere is defined as the distance from one ______ to the next adjacent ____

Z disc, Z disc

Myofibrils contain multiple ______; thus, there are numerous ______ in each myofibril.

Z-discs, sarcomeres

Fasicle

a bundle of muscle fibers

Elasticity

a contracted muscle cell recoils to its resting length when the applied tension is removed

Extensibility

a muscle cell is capable of extending in length in response to the contraction of opposing muscle cells

Muscle tissue is found ______.

almost everywhere in the body

Match muscle name with orientation of fibers: Oblique

angled

When a skeletal muscle contracts, it exerts tension on its ______.

attachment site

The sarcoplasmic reticulum stores ______ needed to initiate muscle contraction

calcium

Excitabiliy

cell is responsive to stimuli

Match muscle name with orientation of fibers: Orbicularis

circular

Match muscle name with orientation of fibers: Convergent

comes together at common attachment

The shortening of muscle cells is called _______, a property that allows muscle cells to cause body movement.

contraction

name of the component of a muscle fiber with its description: sarcoplasm

cytoplasm of a muscle fiber

The epimysium of a muscle is composed of ______ connective tissue

dense irregular

Muscle Fiber

elongated, multinucleate, cylindrical call

muscle unit with the connective tissue layer that surrounds it: muscle cell

endomysium

Muscle unit with the connective tissue layer that surrounds it: Muscle

epimysium

What tissue types are present in each skeletal muscle?

epithelial, connective, nervous, muscle

In a transverse section, each skeletal muscle is composed of ______, which are bundles of muscle fibers.

fascicles

In a muscle, the perimysium surrounds ______ muscle cells

fascicles of

Match muscle name with orientation of fibers: Pennate

feather shaped

Temperature regulation

heat is produced as a waste product of energy usage.

The act of shivering is an example of skeletal muscle performing what function?

heat production

Many muscle names identify their prominent attachments. For the sternocleidomastoid muscle, the first part of the name indicates the _____ attachment and the second part the _____ attachment.

inferior; superior

Myofibril

long, cylindrical contractile element within muscle muscle cell

The sternocleidomastoid has inferior attachments on the sternum and the clavicle and a superior attachment on the ____cprocess.

mastoid

The sarcoplasm of a skeletal muscle fiber contains many ______ because of the muscle fiber's need for abundant energy.

mitochondria

Muscle

multiple bundles housing many muscle fibers

Muscle fibers contain cylindrical structures called myofibrils, which are composed of ______.

myofilaments

Smallest to largest

myofilaments, myofibrils, muscle fiber, muscle fascicle

The perimysium of a muscle contains extensive arrays of blood vessels and nerves that supply muscle fascicles. These arrays are called ______.

neurovascular bundles

How many skeletal muscles in the human body are named?

over 700

The cytoplasm of a skeletal muscle cell is referred to a ______.

sarcoplasm

Myofilament

short contractile proteins of two types: thick and thin

As a result of muscle fiber contraction, the I bands ______ in length.

shorten

Match the name of the muscle cell component with its function: sarcoplasm

site of metabolic processes for normal muscle fiber activities

According to the sliding filament theory, when a muscle contracts, thick and thin filaments ____cpast each other, and the ____ shortens.

slide ; sarcomere

Contractility

stimulation of muscle cells generates tension within the cell

Match the name of the muscle cell component with its function: sarcoplasmic reticulum

stores calcium ions needed for muscle contraction

Match muscle name with orientation of fibers: Rectus

straight

The epimysium of a muscle surrounds _____

the entire skeletal muscle

The M-line serves as an attachment site for the ______ filaments and keeps them ______ during contraction and relaxation.

thick, aligned

A Z disc serves as an attachment site for ______ filament ends.

thin

Match the name of the muscle cell component with its function: t-tubule

transports a muscle impulse from the sarcolemma throughout the entire muscle fiber

The deep invaginations of the sarcolemma that extend into the sarcoplasm of skeletal muscle fibers as a network of narrow membranous tubules are called ___

transverse tubule

Body movement

Muscles contract and pull on the tendons that attach the muscles to the bones

name of the component of a muscle fiber with its description: t-tubule

Narrow, tubular extensions of the sarcolemma into the sarcoplasm

Match the muscle name with its location: Cervicis

Neck

name of the component of a muscle fiber with its description: sarcolemma

Plasma membrane of a muscle fiber

Match the muscle name with the shape or size: Quadratus

Rectangular

Match the name of the muscle cell component with its function: sarcolemma

Regulates entry and exit of materials

muscle unit with the connective tissue layer that surrounds it: fascicle

perimysium

During muscle contraction, the length of the thick and thin filaments ______.

remains the same

The endomysium contains ______ fibers to help bind together neighboring muscle fibers.

reticular

Each ______ shortens as the muscle fiber contracts.

sacromere

The functional contractile unit of a skeletal muscle fiber is known as a ______.

sacromere

A contracting skeletal muscle fiber typically shortens as all of its _____ shorten in length.

sacromeres

Myofilaments within myofibrils are arranged in repeating microscopic cylindrical units called ______.

sacromeres