Ch 11:: A Revolution in Transportation

How much money worth of goods flowed down the canal per year?

15 million

When was the Erie canal opened?

1825

mules

A stagecoach was a large, horse-drawn carriage used to carry passengers and often mail on a regular route between places. The stagecoach could move people more quickly across the continent than a Conestoga wagon pulled by oxen. However there was not much room for supplies. In the early days of the Canal Age, from about 1740, all boats and barges were towed by horse, mule, hinny, pony or sometimes a pair of donkeys

tow

A towpath is a road or trail on the bank of a river, canal, or other inland waterway. The purpose of a towpath is to allow a land vehicle, beasts of burden, or a team of human pullers to tow a boat, often a barge. This mode of transport was common where sailing was impractical due to tunnels and bridges, unfavourable winds, or the narrowness of the channel.

What was the Cumberland Road?

Also called the National Road, this was the first road paid for by federal dollars.

Great Lakes

Body of water; consists of Lake Erie, Lake Huron, Lake Michigan, Lake Superior, and Lake Ontario.

why were there tolls in the erie canal

Canal tolls more than recouped the entire cost of construction.

increased

Cities along the route grew (increased) and proposed

Albany

City in New York The Erie Canal once officially began in Albany, turned west at Cohoes and snaked alongside the Mohawk River. Today, the channelized Mohawk River is the Erie "Barge" Canal.

Dewitt Clinton

Former United States Senator. Served as a United States Senator, Mayor of New York City and sixth Governor of New York. In this last capacity, he was *largely responsible for the construction of the Erie Canal.*

population

New York City became the nations largest state.

New York

New York City in the early 1800s was a bustling port city and the economic center of the young nation.

STEAM BOATS

Steam power is made by an engine that boils water to create steam. The steamboats used steam to power an engine; the first used paddle-wheels. These boats allowed people and cargo to move much faster across rivers and lakes. With steam power, boats could travel faster downstream but could also go upstream. Steam ships will help the US economy by creating many jobs in many different areas. Steamships will make New Orleans into a larger port city. Railroads and trains were very important to the development of the USA. The early trains had many railroad cars that moved many people and cargo across land using steam powered locomotives. Trains could go where there were no water transportation routes. Railroads helped the industrial revolution in the Northeast and the settlement of the West. Importance of the Transcontinental Railroad Interstate trade: within 10 years, $50 million worth of stuff was moved on the transcontinental railroad every year Connected the whole country: Ideas, news, and information could reach the coasts in just a

Atlantic

The Atlantic Ocean; East. The Erie canal was Built to create a navigable water route from New York City and the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes.

How long is the New York State Canal System?

The Erie Canal is 339 miles long from Waterford (Albany) to Tonawanda (Buffalo).

Hudson

The Erie Canal ran 363 miles (584 km) from Albany, on the Hudson River, to Buffalo, at Lake Erie.

Erie Canal

The Erie Canal was built to connect the Great Lakes to New York. This was a faster and safer way to transport goods from the West to the East. Canals improved travel from 1820s to 1850s. Canals are man-made waterways built to connect waterways that don't connect naturally. Mules also pulled early canal boats. Canals were much faster and cheaper than horse and wagons, but it wasn't always the most direct route. The Erie Canal is a canal in New York that is part of the east-west, cross-state route of the New York State Canal System Originally, it ran 363 miles (584 km) from Albany, on the Hudson River, to Buffalo, at Lake Erie.

big ditch

The construction of the canal In those early days, it was often sarcastically referred to as "Clinton's Big Ditch

shipping

The growth of the Industrial Revolution depended on the ability to transport raw materials and finished goods over long distances. There were three main types of transportation that increased during the Industrial Revolution: waterways, roads, and railroads. Transportation was important because people were starting to live in the West. During this time period, transportation via water was the cheapest way to move heavy products (such as coal and iron). As a result, canals were widened and deepened to allow more boats to pass

NATIONAL ROAD

The national road was built in 1806. It stretched from Maryland to Illinois. This national road was built to help western farmers move their goods faster, more easily, across the Appalachian Mountains.

time

Time wise, The canal was completed in only 8 years at a cost of $7,000,000.

farmers

Western farmers could send goods down the Hudson River, cheaper an faster.

barge

a flat-bottomed boat for carrying freight, typically on canals and rivers, either under its own power or towed by another.

canal

an artificial waterway constructed to allow the passage of boats or ships inland or to convey water for irrigation.

Disaster for the Native Americans

by the 1890s the Native Americans would have their homes taken and forced onto reservations

how did canals help?

canals helped expand the country westward and strengthen the economy.

decreased

decreased shipping expenses. reduced consumer cost of products due to lower shipping expenses.

freight

goods transported by truck, train, ship, or aircraft.

buffalo

the canal reached as far as from Albany, on the Hudson River, to Buffalo, at Lake Erie.

trade

the canal reduced price to ship goods to the middle the country by 95%

Why were locks build on the canal?

to allow boats to change elevation.

Why did people want to build a canal across the state of New York?

to make trade easier by transposition. Allow goods to be shipped back and forth. Built to create a navigable water route from New York City and the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes.