Ch 11 Study Guide

Chemical equations must be balanced to satisfy ____. a. the law of definite proportions c. the law of conservation of mass b. the law of multiple proportions d. Avogadro's principle

c. the law of conservation of mass

The products of a combustion reaction do NOT include ____. a. water c. carbon monoxide b. carbon dioxide d. hydrogen

d. hydrogen

Describe how to write the skeleton equation for the following reaction: iron + oxygen --> iron(III) oxide

Iron is Fe. Oxygen is O2. Iron(III) oxide is Fe2O3. Fe + O2 --> Fe2O3 Balance: 4Fe + 3O2 --> 2Fe2O3

In general, how are word equations written to describe chemical reactions?

Reactants and products are written in words. Chemical equations symbols applied. Reactants on the left, Products on the right Write correct chemical formulas for the words Balance the equation.

What determines whether one metal will replace another metal from a compound in a single-replacement reaction?

The metal higher on the activity series will replace the metal that's lower.

What are the coefficients that will balance the skeleton equation? AlCl3 + NaOH -> Al(OH)3 + NaCl a. 1, 3, 1, 3 b. 3, 1, 3, 1 c. 1, 1, 1, 3 d. 1, 3, 3, 1

a. 1, 3, 1, 3

The complete combustion of which of the following substances produces carbon dioxide and water? a. C8 H18 c. CaHCO3 b. K2 CO3 d. NO

a. C8 H18

A double-replacement reaction takes place when aqueous cobalt(III) chloride reacts with aqueous lithium hydroxide. One of the products of this reaction is ____. a. Co(OH)3 c. LiCo3 b. Co(OH)2 d. LiCl3

a. Co(OH)3

What does the symbol (triangle) in a chemical equation mean? a. Heat is supplied to the reaction. c. yields b. A catalyst is needed. d. precipitate

a. Heat is supplied to the reaction

A double-replacement reaction takes place when aqueous Na₂CO₃ reacts with aqueous Sn(NO₃)₂. You would expect one of the products of this reaction to be _______. a. NaNO3 c. Sn(CO3)2 b. NaSn d. CNO3

a. NaNO3

Which of the following statements is NOT true about the decomposition of a simple binary compound? a. The products are unpredictable. b. The products are the constituent elements. c. The reactant is a single substance. d. The reactant could be an ionic or a molecular compound.

a. The products are unpredictable.

In every balanced chemical equation, each side of the equation has the same number of ____. a. atoms of each element c. moles b. molecules d. coefficients

a. atoms of each element

The equation 2C₃H₇OH+9O₂ -> 6CO₂+H₂O is an example of which type of reaction? a. combustion reaction c. double-replacement reaction b. single-replacement reaction d. decomposition reaction

a. combustion reaction

Chemical equations ____. a. describe chemical reactions b. show how to write chemical formulas c. give directions for naming chemical compounds d. describe only biological changes

a. describe chemical reactions

The equation H₃PO₄ + 3KOH = K₃PO₃ +3H₂O is an example of which type of reaction? a. double-replacement reaction c. decomposition reaction b. combination reaction d. single-replacement reaction

a. double-replacement reaction

In the activity series of metals, which metal(s) will displace hydrogen from an acid? a. only metals above hydrogen c. any metal b. only metals below hydrogen d. only metals from Li to Na

a. only metals above hydrogen

When the equation KClO3 (s) -> KCl(s) + O2 (g) is balanced, the coefficient of KClO3 is ____. a. 1 c. 3 b. 2 d. 4

b. 2

What is the driving force in the following reaction? Ni(NO3)2 (aq) + K2S(aq) -> NiS(s) + 2KNO3 (aq) a. A gas is formed. c. Ionic compounds are reactants. b. A precipitate is formed. d. Ionic compounds are products.

b. A precipitate is formed.

In order for the reaction 2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2 to occur, which of the following must be true? a. Al must be above Cl on the activity series. b. Al must be above H on the activity series. c. Heat must be supplied for the reaction. d. A precipitate must be formed.

b. Al must be above H on the activity series.

Which of the following statements is NOT correct? a. The only way to determine the products of a reaction is to carry out the reaction. b. All chemical reactions can be classified as one of five general types. c. Complete combustion has occurred when all the carbon in the product is in the form of carbon dioxide. d. A single reactant is the identifying characteristic of a decomposition reaction.

b. All chemical reactions can be classified as one of five general types.

The product of a combination reaction is Ba(OH)2 . If one of the reactants is H2O, what is the other reactant? a. Ba2O c. BaH b. BaO d. BaO2

b. BaO

What is the balanced chemical equation for the reaction that takes place between bromine and sodium iodide? a. Br2 + NaI -> NaBr2 + I c. Br + NaI2 -> NaBrI2 b. Br2 + 2NaI -> 2NaBr + I2 d. Br + NaI2 -> NaBr + I2

b. Br2 + 2NaI -> 2NaBr + I2

Which of the following is the correctly balanced equation for the incomplete combustion of heptene, C7 H14 ? a. C7H14 + 14O -> 7CO + 7H2O b. C7H14 + 7O2 -> 7CO + 7H2O c. 2C7H14 + 21O2 -> 14CO2 + 14H2O d. C7H14 + O2 -> C7O2 + 7H2

b. C7H14 + 7O2 -> 7CO + 7H2O

Which of the following statements is NOT true about what happens in all chemical reactions? a. The ways in which atoms are joined together are changed. b. New atoms are formed as products. c. The starting substances are called reactants. d.The bonds of the reactants are broken and new bonds of the products are formed.

b. New atoms are formed as products.

Which of the following is a balanced equation representing the decomposition of lead(IV) oxide? a. PbO2 -> Pb + 2O c. Pb2O -> 2Pb + O b. PbO2 -> Pb + O2 d. PbO -> Pb + O2

b. PbO2 -> Pb + O2

In order to predict whether or not a single-replacement reaction takes place, you need to consult a chart that shows the ____. a. periodic table b. activity series of metals c. common polyatomic ions d. ionic charges of representative elements

b. activity series of metals

Everyday equations describe ____. a. thermonuclear reactions c. chemical reactions b. everyday processes d. biological chemistry

b. everyday processes

A catalyst is ____. a. the product of a combustion reaction b. not used up in a reaction c. one of the reactants in single-replacement reactions d. a solid product of a reaction

b. not used up in a reaction

In a double-replacement reaction, the ____. a. products are always molecular b. reactants are two ionic compounds c. reactants are two elements d. products are a new element and a new compound

b. reactants are two ionic compounds

The equation Mg(s)+2HCl(aq) -> MgCl₂(aq)+H₂(g) is an example of which type of reaction? a. combination reaction c. decomposition reaction b. single-replacement reaction d. double-replacement reaction

b. single-replacement reaction

Symbols used in equations, together with the explanations of the symbols, are shown below. Which set is correct? a. (g), grams c. (aq), dissolved in water b. (l), liters d. (s), solid product

c. (aq), dissolved in water

What are the missing coefficients for the skeleton equation below? Cr(s) + Fe(NO3)2 (aq) -> Fe(s) + Cr(NO3)3 (aq) a. 4, 6, 6, 2 c. 2, 3, 3, 2 b. 2, 3, 2, 3 d. 1, 3, 3, 1

c. 2, 3, 3, 2

When potassium hydroxide and barium chloride react, potassium chloride and barium hydroxide are formed. The balanced equation for this reaction is ____. a. KH + BaCl -> KCl + BaH c. 2KOH + BaCl2 -> 2KCl + Ba(OH)2 b. KOH + BaCl -> KCl + BaOH d. KOH + BaCl2 -> KCl2 + BaOH

c. 2KOH + BaCl2 -> 2KCl + Ba(OH)2

When the equation Fe + Cl2 -> FeCl3 is balanced, what is the coefficient for Cl2 ? a. 1 c. 3 b. 2 d. 4

c. 3

Which of the following is the correct skeleton equation for the reaction that takes place when solid phosphorus combines with oxygen gas to form diphosphorus pentoxide? a. P(s) + O2(g) -> PO2(g) b. P(s) + O(g) -> PO(g) c. P(s) + O2(g) -> P2O5(s) d. P2O5(s) -> P(s) + O2(g)

c. P(s) + O2(g) -> P2O5(s)

What are the correct formulas and coefficients for the products of the following double-replacement reaction? RbOH + H3 PO4 -> a. Rb(PO4)3 + H2 O c. Rb3 PO4 + 3H2 O b. RbPO4 + 2H2 O d. H3 Rb + PO4 OH

c. Rb3 PO4 + 3H2 O

Which of the following statements is true about single-replacement reactions? a. They are restricted to metals. c. Two reactants produce two products. b. They involve a single product. d. Any metal replaces any other metal.

c. Two reactants produce two products.

The reaction 2Fe + 3Cl2 -> 2FeCl3 is an example of which type of reaction? a. combustion reaction c. combination reaction b. single-replacement reaction d. decomposition reaction

c. combination reaction

In a combustion reaction, one of the reactants is ____. a. hydrogen c. oxygen b. nitrogen d. a metal

c. oxygen

In the chemical equation H2O2 (aq) -> H2O(l) + O2 (g), the O2 is a ____. a. catalyst c. product b. solid d. reactant

c. product

The type of reaction that takes place when one element reacts with a compound to form a new compound and a different element is a ____. a. combination reaction c. single-replacement reaction b. decomposition reaction d. double-replacement reaction

c. single-replacement reaction

In a double-replacement reaction, ____. a. the reactants are usually a metal and a nonmetal b. one of the reactants is often water c. the reactants are generally two ionic compounds in aqueous solution d. energy in the form of heat or light is often produced

c. the reactants are generally two ionic compounds in aqueous solution

Consider the description: copper(II) oxide reacts with sulfuric acid to produce copper(II) sulfate and water. List the steps required to write its balanced chemical equation. State how to determine which of the five general types of reaction this represents.

copper(II) + H2SO4 ----------> Copper(II) Sulfate H2O combination reaction

What are the coefficients that will balance the skeleton equation below? N2 + H2 -> NH3 a. 1, 1, 2 c. 3, 1, 2 b. 1, 3, 3 d. 1, 3, 2

d. 1, 3, 2

What are the missing coefficients for the skeleton equation below? Al2(SO4)3(aq) + KOH(aq) -> Al(OH)3(aq) + K2SO4(aq) a. 1, 3, 2, 3 b. 2, 12, 4, 6 c. 4, 6, 2, 3 d. 1, 6, 2, 3

d. 1, 6, 2, 3

When the following equation is balanced, what is the coefficient for HCl? Mg(s) + HCl(aq) -> MgCl2(aq) + H2(g) a. 6 b. 3 c. 1 d. 2

d. 2

If you rewrite the following word equation as a balanced chemical equation, what will the coefficient and symbol for fluorine be? nitrogen trifluoride yields nitrogen and fluorine a. 6F2 b. F3 c. 6F d. 3F2

d. 3F2

When the equation for the complete combustion of one mole of C3 H7 OH is balanced, the coefficient for oxygen is ____. a. 13/2 c. 7/2 b. 11/2 d. 9/2

d. 9/2

Use the activity series of metals to complete a balanced chemical equation for the following single replacement reaction. Ag(s) + KNO3 (aq) --> a. Ag2NO3 + K b. AgK + NO3 c. AgKNO3 d. No Reaction

d. No Reaction

If a combination reaction takes place between rubidium and bromine, the chemical formula for the product is ____. a. RuBr c. RbBr2 b. Rb2Br d. RbBr

d. RbBr

Which of the following statements is NOT true about double-replacement reactions? a. The product may precipitate from solution. b. The product may be a gas. c. The product may be a molecular compound. d. The reactant may be a solid metal.

d. The reactant may be a solid metal.

Chemical reactions ____. a. occur only in living organisms c. only occur outside living organisms b. create and destroy atoms d. produce new substances

d. produce new substances

This symbol (⇌) indicates that ____. a. heat must be applied b. an incomplete combustion reaction has occurred c. a gas is formed by the reaction d. the reaction is reversible

d. the reaction is reversible

A skeleton equation does NOT show which of the following? a. the correct formulas of the reactants and products b. the reactants on the left, the products on the right c. an arrow connecting the reactants to the products d. the relative amounts of reactants and products

d. the relative amounts of reactants and products