Ch. 15 anatomy test

pharyngotympanic tube

Connects the middle ear with the nasopharynx.

Retina

Contains sensory receptors that process visual information and sends it to the brain The sensory layer of the eye.

vestibule

Contains utricle and saccule. Detects linear acceleration

ganglion cells

In the retina, the specialized neurons that connect to the bipolar cells; the bundled axons of the ganglion cells form the optic nerve.

Sclera

Protects and shapes the eyeball; provides a sturdy anchoring site for extrinsic eye muscles.

optic disc

Region at the back of the eye where the optic nerve meets the retina. It is the blind spot of the eye because it contains only nerve fibers, no rods or cones, and is thus insensitive to light. Consists of a pigmented layer and a neural layer.

Nutrients are delivered and waste products are carried away from the cells of the posterior segment of the eye by blood vessels. However, the cells in the cornea and lens (in the anterior segment) are avascular. Which is the best explanation for how these cells are maintained?

The aqueous humor is continuously replenished and flows from the ciliary process to drain in the scleral venous sinus.

tympanic membrane

The eardrum. A structure that separates the outer ear from the middle ear and vibrates in response to sound waves.

cochlea

a coiled, bony, fluid-filled tube in the inner ear through which sound waves trigger nerve impulses snail shell Houses organ of Corti

In a person who is color-blind, which of the following would you most expect to see?

a loss of functions in the rods of their retina - cones for color

fovea centralis

area consisting of a small depression in the retina containing cones and where vision is most acute Lacks photoreceptors; where optic nerve exits the eye. Area of greatest visual acuity

auricle

external ear

choroid

middle, vascular layer of the eye, between the retina and the sclera Blood vessels that supply nutrition to most of the eyes' structures (excluding the lens and cornea).

otoliths

small crystals in the fluid-filled vestibular sacs of the inner ear that, when shifted by gravity, stimulate nerve cells that inform the brain of the position of the head Ear stones

stapes

stirrup; last of the three auditory ossicles of the middle ear

aqueous humor

the clear fluid filling the space in the front of the eyeball between the lens and the cornea. Helps maintain the intraocular pressure; located in the anterior part of the eye

lens

the transparent structure behind the pupil that changes shape to help focus images on the retina The structure most responsible for focusing light rays that enter the eye

semicircular canals

three fluid-filled canals in the inner ear responsible for our sense of balance