Ch 16 Anat Physio

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Which are true of rods?

- There are more than 100 million rod cells per eye - They function well in dim light

Which events occur during bright light adaptation?

- cones gradually adjust - rods become inactive - pupils constrict

Using the image of the eye, match the letter and structure.

A matches Choice eyelashes B matches Choice lacrimal caruncle C matches Choice medial palpebral commissure D matches Choice eyeball

Correctly match the letter to the photoreceptor or eye part.

A Choice choroid B matches Choice pigmented cell layer C matches Choice outer segment D matches Choice inner segment

Optic tracts ultimately are directed to the primary visual cortex in the ______ lobe.

Occipital

______ occurs when impulses from an organ are perceived as originating from the skin.

Referred pain

Hearing and equilibrium are transmitted along which cranial nerve?

VIII

Which cavity of the eyeball is divided into an anterior and posterior chamber?

anterior cavity

What chamber is between the iris and cornea?

anterior chamber

When the membrane moves, the on the spiral organ hair cells distort because they are anchored by the tectorial membrane.

basilar stereocilia

Receptors initiate sensory input to the

central nervous system

Gustatory cells are ______.

chemoreceptors

What is the largest structure of the vascular tunic?

choroid

What structure is filled with pigment from melanocytes?

choroid

The iris is continuous with the ______.

ciliary body

The auditory sensory axons of the branch of cranial nerve number terminate in the cochlear nucleus within the brainstem.

cochlear VIII or 8

What type of photoreceptors detects color?

cones

As we adjust to low light, our ______ becomes nonfunctional and it may take ______ for rhodopsin to become regenerated sufficiently so that you can see well in low-light conditions.

cones; 20-30 minutes

The optic disc is associated with ______.

cranial nerve II

When you go from a bright light environment to a dark environment, you have a slow sensitivity to low light levels. This is called

dark adaptation

Light rays are refracted or bent when they pass through two media of different

densities

Which is an accessory structure of the eye?

eyebrow

The external layer of the eyeball is the ______ tunic.

fibrous

The outmost layer of the eye is called the ______ tunic.

fibrous

Pain is an example of a ______ sense.

general

The term equilibrium refers to our awareness and monitoring of our position.

head

The vestibulocochlear nerve transmits ______ information.

hearing and equilibrium

Where are photoreceptors located?

in the neural layer of the retina

The retina is the ______ layer of the eye wall.

internal

Place the structures of the vascular tunic in order from anterior to posterior

iris, ciliary body, choroid

The process by which your eyes adjust from low light to bright light conditions is

light adaptation

The sense of smell is called ______.

olfaction

A lack of photoreceptors in this structure creates the "blind spot"?

optic disc

The fat surrounding the eye is called

orbital fat

Olfactory receptors ______.

perceive odors

If stimulated over a period of time, receptors lose eventually sensitivity.

phasic

What type of receptor can undergo adaptation?

phasic

The iris controls the size of the ______.

pupil

Most of the eye is ______ the orbit of the skull.

receded into

The area that a receptor cell gathers information from is called the

receptive field

Some individuals experience pain in their left shoulder during a heart attack. This is an example of ______.

referred pain

What structure is the "white" of the eye?

sclera

Sensory receptors in which structures help monitor and adjust our equilibrium?

semicircular ducts utricle saccule

Receptors for general senses are usually ______.

simple in structure

Localization and sensitivity are easily determined in a ______ receptive field.

small

Olfaction is the sense of ______.

smell

Taste buds are found on the tongue and ______.

soft palate

What is the most numerous type of receptor?

tactile receptors

A feature common to all receptors is ______.

the ability to respond to a stimulus

Optic tracts extend to which structures after they leave the optic chiasm?

the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus superior colliculi

The cornea is ______.

transparent

Which are the characteristics of the cornea?

transparent and avascular

Which layer of the eye contains the blood and lymph vessels?

vascular tunic

The apparent distortion of the spoon in the water glass is due to the phenomenon called

refraction

What structure makes up the posterior 5/6 of the fibrous tunic?

sclera

Which part of the eye is an attachment site for extrinsic eye muscles?

sclera

Mechanoreceptors located in the skin and mucous membranes are called ______ receptors.

tactile

Gustation is the sense of

taste

What is the name of structure A in the picture of the spiral organ?

tectorial membrane

The middle and inner ear are in which bone?

temporal bone

What region of the eye contains the ciliary body?

B


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