ch 17
The special type of hemoglobin present in fetal red blood cells is ________. A) hemoglobin A B) hemoglobin B C) hemoglobin F D) hemoglobin S
C) hemoglobin F
Thromboembolic disorders ________. A) result in uncontrolled bleeding B) include thrombus formation, a clot in a broken blood vessel C) include embolus formation, a clot moving within the circulatory system D) are caused by vitamin K deficiency
C) include embolus formation, a clot moving within the circulatory system
Sickling of red blood cells can be produced in those with sickle-cell anemia by ________. A) travel at high altitude B) vigorous exercise C) malaria and travel at high altitude D) travel at high altitude and vigorous exercise
C) malaria and travel at high altitude
Blood volume restorers include all of the following except ________. A) dextran B) albumin C) packed cells D) saline solutions
C) packed cells
A lack of intrinsic factor, leading to a deficiency of vitamin B12 and large pale cells called macrocytes, is characteristic of ________. A) aplastic anemia B) polycythemia C) pernicious anemia D) sickle-cell anemia
C) pernicious anemia
Which of these is not a normal plasma protein? A) fibrinogen B) gamma globulin C) thromboplastin D) albumin
C) thromboplastin
Erythroblastosis fetalis is caused by __________. - a loss of blood by the fetus - an increase in the number of erythrocytes in the newborn -a malfunction of the thymus during fetal development -an Rh incompatibility between an Rh-negative mother and her Rh-positive baby during pregnancy
-an Rh incompatibility between an Rh-negative mother and her Rh-positive baby during pregnancy
healthy adult male has approximately __________ liters of blood. 1-2 2-3 3-4 5-6 7-8
5-6
The final step in clot formation is __________. A fibrinogen → fibrin B prothrombin → thrombin C the release of chemical by platelets D platelet plug formation E. formation of prothrombin activator
A fibrinogen → fibrin
Which of the following is a function of neutrophils? A phagocytize bacteria B mount immune response by direct cell attack or via antibodies C release histamine and other mediators of inflammation D kill parasitic worms E seal small tears in blood vessels
A phagocytize bacteria
Which of the following is a function of basophils? A release histamine during allergic reaction B phagocytize bacteria C mount immune response D kill parasites E transport blood gases
A release histamine during allergic reaction
Together, leukocytes and platelets comprise approximately ________ percent of total blood volume. A) 1 B) 75 C) 45
A) 1
Which sequence is correct for the following events? 1. fibrinogen → fibrin 2. clot retraction 3. formation of thromboplastin 4. prothrombin → thrombin A) 3, 4, 1, 2 B) 1, 2, 3, 4 C) 4, 3, 1, 2 D) 3, 2, 1, 4
A) 3, 4, 1, 2
What organ in the body regulates erythrocyte production? A) Kidney B) Brain C) Liver D) Pancreas
A) Kidney
Fred#s blood was determined to be AB positive. What does this mean? A) There are no antibodies to A, to B, or to Rh antigens in the plasma. B) Antibodies to A and B are present in the red cells. C) His blood lacks Rh factor. D) He can only receive blood from a donor who is AB positive.
A) There are no antibodies to A, to B, or to Rh antigens in the plasma.
Which of the following is characteristic of all leukocytes? A) They are nucleated. B) They have cytoplasmic granules. C) They are phagocytic. D) They are the most numerous of the formed elements in blood
A) They are nucleated.
elect the correct statement regarding age-related blood disorders. A) They include anemias and thromboembolic disorders. B) They are usually the result of the red blood cells wearing out. C) Increased incidence of leukemia is not usually associated with aging. D) They are caused by abnormal forms of hemoglobin F.
A) They include anemias and thromboembolic disorders.
An individual who is blood type AB negative ________. A) can receive any blood type in moderate amounts except that with the Rh antigen B) can donate to all blood types in moderate amounts C) can receive types A, B, and AB, but not type O D) can donate to types A, B, and AB, but not to type O
A) can receive any blood type in moderate amounts except that with the Rh antigen
The slowest step in the clotting process is ________. A) formation of prothrombin activator B) production of fibrin strands C) binding fibrin strands D) release of PF3
A) formation of prothrombin activator
Which of the following might trigger erythropoiesis? A) hypoxia of EPO-producing cells B) decreased tissue demand for oxygen C) an increased number of RBCs D) moving to a lower altitude
A) hypoxia of EPO-producing cells
Complications of aplastic anemia generally do not include ________. A) increase of leukocytes as a result of erythrocyte loss B) suppressed immunity C) impaired formation of all formed elements C) impaired formation of all formed elements D) bleeding disorders
A) increase of leukocytes as a result of erythrocyte loss
No visible cytoplasmic granules are present in ________. A) monocytes B) basophils C) eosinophils C) eosinophils D) neutrophils
A) monocytes
Which of the following is a protective function of blood? A) prevention of blood loss B) maintenance of adequate fluid volume C) maintenance of normal pH in body tissue D) maintenance of body temperature
A) prevention of blood loss
Platelets ________. A) stick to the damaged area of a blood vessel and help seal the break B) have a life span of about 120 days C) are the precursors of leukocytes D) have multiple nuclei
A) stick to the damaged area of a blood vessel and help seal the break
All of the following conditions impair coagulation except ________. A) vascular spasm B) vitamin K deficiency C) severe hypocalcemia D) liver disease
A) vascular spasm
Which of the following statements about platelets is INCORRECT? A. The life span of platelets is between 30 to 60 days. B. Platelets are fragments of a larger cell called a megakaryocyte. C. Platelets are essential for the clotting process. D. The formation of platelets is regulated by the hormone thrombopoietin. E. Platelets contain serotonin, ADP, calcium, and PDGF.
A. The life span of platelets is between 30 to 60 days.
Pernicious anemia may result from __________. A. the lack of vitamin B12 in the diet or a deficiency of the intrinsic factor needed to absorb B12 B. excessive bleeding C, abnormal production of hemoglobin caused by genetic defect D, the absence or depressed synthesis of globin chains E rupture of red blood cells caused by parasites
A. the lack of vitamin B12 in the diet or a deficiency of the intrinsic factor needed to absorb B12
Which property do white blood cells have in common? A All WBCs are granulocytes. B WBCs are nucleated and have a protective function. C All WBCs have a phagocytic function. D WBCs transport oxygen.
B WBCs are nucleated and have a protective function.
Which of the following is a protective function of blood? A delivering oxygen from the lungs to all body tissues B preventing infection C transporting hormones from endocrine organs to target tissues D maintaining normal pH in the body E maintaining normal body temperature
B preventing infection
Diapedesis refers to __________. A the secretion of chemicals that trigger the inflammatory process B the movement of leukocytes from blood vessels into tissue spaces C the chemical attraction leukocytes use to reach the site of tissue damage D the engulfing of foreign bodies by leukocytes E the type of movement erythrocytes use in the tissue spaces
B the movement of leukocytes from blood vessels into tissue spaces
_____ is a pivotal molecule associated with the external surfaces of aggregated platelets and is involved in the intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms of blood clotting. A) PGI2 B) PF3 C) Thrombin D) Thromboplastin (prothrombin activator)
B) PF3
Which of the following is not a phase of hemostasis? A) vascular spasm B) fibrinolysis C) platelet plug formation D) coagulation
B) fibrinolysis
All of the following can be expected with polycythemia except ________. A) high hematocrit B) low blood viscosity C) increased blood volume D) high blood pressure
B) low blood viscosity
As red blood cells age ________. A) ATP production increases B) membranes !wear out! and the cells become damaged C) they will eventually be excreted by the digestive system D) iron will be excreted by the kidneys
B) membranes !wear out! and the cells become damaged
Which of the following is a precursor of a basophil? A) megakaryoblast B) myeloblast C) lymphoblast D) monoblast
B) myeloblast
Which of the following is a function of lymphocytes? A regulate pH B maintain body temperature C destruction of virus-containing cells D carry oxygen E produce albumin
C destruction of virus-containing cells
Which antibodies would be found in the serum of a person with AB blood? A. anti-A antibodies B anti-B antibodies C neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies D both anti-B and anti-A antibodies
C neither anti-A nor anti-B antibodies
Which of the following is true about blood plasma? A) It is the same as serum but without the clotting proteins. B) The main protein component is hemoglobin. C) It is about 90% water. D) It contains about 20 dissolved components.
C) It is about 90% water.
Select the correct statement regarding blood cell formation. A) The main sites of blood cell production in adults are the spleen and the liver. B) Before the seventh month of fetal development, yellow marrow is the main site of blood cell formation. C) Red marrow is the main site of blood cell formation throughout adult life. D) Yellow marrow is the main site of leukocyte formation.
C) Red marrow is the main site of blood cell formation throughout adult life.
The most abundant plasma protein is ________. A) globulin B) clotting protein C) albumin D) bile
C) albumin
James has a hemoglobin measurement of 16 g/100 ml blood. This is ________. A) above normal B) normal only if James is an infant C) abnormally low D) within the normal range
D) within the normal range
Which of the following is a function of erythrocytes? A kill parasitic worms B mount immune response C phagocytize bacteria D release histamine E transport oxygen and carbon dioxide
E transport oxygen and carbon dioxide
Which of the following plasma expanders would be associated with the LEAST complications? hetastarch Ringer's solution human serum albumin dextran
Ringer's solution
The buffy coat that appears after a sample of blood has been centrifuged contains __________. serum WBCs RBCs plasma
WBCs
A major plasma protein that maintains the blood osmotic pressure is __________. fibrinogen fibrin albumin angiotensinogen globulin
albumin
Which type of anemia results from the destruction or inhibition of the red marrow by drugs, chemicals, ionizing radiation, or viruses? iron-deficiency anemia pernicious anemia renal anemia aplastic anemia
aplastic anemia
Which leukocyte contains histamine in its granules? neutrophils eosinophils lymphocytes basophils monocytes
basophils
Another term for reduced hemoglobin is __________. oxyhemoglobin hemoglobin S carbaminohemoglobin deoxyhemoglobin
deoxyhemoglobin
Which of the following types of white blood cells kills parasitic worms, destroys antibody complexes, and inactivates some inflammatory chemicals of allergy? neutrophils monocytes basophils lymphocytes eosinophils
eosinophils
Which of the following is not a cause of bleeding disorders? A) thrombocytopenia, a condition of decreased circulating platelets B) excess secretion of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) C) a defect in the clotting cascade D) vitamin K deficiency
excess secretion of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)
The percentage of total volume used to determine the number of erythrocytes in a blood sample is referred to as the __________. reticulocyte count hematocrit ESR red blood cell count
hematocrit
Granulocytes do NOT include __________. neutrophils monocytes eosinophils basophils PMNs
monocytes
The most numerous leukocyte is the __________. neutrophil basophil monocyte eosinophil lymphocyte
neutrophil
Which of the following substances is responsible for limiting a platelet plug to the immediate area of damage? thromboxane A2 adenosine diphosphate prostacyclin serotonin
prostacyclin
The terms biconcave and anucleated apply to __________. leukocytes white blood cells platelets red blood cells thrombocytes
red blood cells
Individuals with malaria have a better chance of surviving if they have which type of anemia? aplastic anemia renal anemia sickle-cell anemia iron-deficiency anemia hemorrhagic anemia
sickle-cell anemia
The process of actively metabolizing oxygen by neutrophils to produce bleach and hydrogen to kill bacteria is known as __________. chemotaxis diapedesis amoeboid movement the respiratory burst
the respiratory burst
Which of the following are not currently known red blood cell antigens? A) Carson B) Lewis C) Kell D) Duffy
Carson
Eighty-five percent of Americans carry the __________ Rh agglutinogen on their RBCs. K E D C
D
Mature red blood cells in the circulating blood are filled with __________. A lysosomes B nuclei and all other cellular organelles C. smooth endoplasmic reticulum D hemoglobin molecules E. mitochondria
D hemoglobin molecules
Place the following in correct developmental sequence: 1. reticulocyte 2. proerythroblast 3. normoblast 4. late erythroblast A) 1, 2, 3, 4 B) 1, 3, 2, 4 C) 2, 1, 3, 4 D) 2, 4, 3, 1
D) 2, 4, 3, 1
The shelf life of whole collected blood at 4° C is about ________ days. A) 206 B) 120 C) 55 D) 35
D) 35
When neither anti-A nor anti-B clots on a blood plate, the blood is type ________. A) A B) B C) AB D) O
D) O
Which blood type is called the universal donor? A) A B) B C) AB D) O
D) O
When can erythroblastosis fetalis not possibly happen in the child of an Rh negative mother? A) if the child is type O positive B) if the child is Rh+ C) if the father is Rh+ D) if the father is Rh-
D) if the father is Rh-
Which of the following is a regulatory function of blood? A) delivery of oxygen to body cells B) transport of metabolic wastes from cells C) prevention of blood loss D) maintenance of normal pH in body tissues
D) maintenance of normal pH in body tissues
Which of the following is not a phase of erythropoiesis? A) production of ribosomes B) synthesis of hemoglobin C) ejection of the erythrocyte nucleus D) production of vacuoles
D) production of vacuoles
Blood is a ________. A) colloid B) homogeneous compound C) heterogenous compound D) suspension
D) suspension
