Ch. 2

List the activities of Core Process 3: Discover and Understand Details

1. Gather detailed information 2. Define requirements 3. Prioritize requirements 4. Develop user-interface dialogs 5. Evaluate requirements with users

List the three major question themes that guide analysts in fact finding activities.

1. What are the business processes? 2. How are the business processes performed? 3. What information is required?

An _______ describes the sequential flow of user activities.

Activity diagram/ workflow diagram

A fact finding user interview can usually be completed in one comprehensive session. T/F

F

A good way to remember the details of an interview is to use a tape recorder. T/F

F

A synchronization bar in an activity diagram allows multiple agents or actors to participate in a workflow in separate rows. T/F

F

Asking about error conditions usually is done in later interviews after the analyst understands and documents the basic processing requirements. T/F

F

FURPS and FURPS+ are synonymous T/F

F

If the analysts understand the major business processes, it is not usually necessary to create a comprehensive list of all business processes. T/F

F

It is a good idea to observe user processes so that the analyst will know exactly how to build the functions into the new system. T/F

F

Reviewing existing documentation is a good idea for analysts because it is a dependable source of accurate policies and procedures. T/F

F

The first and most important step in preparing for an interview is to determine who should be involved. T/F

F

List the elements that are referred to by the FURPS+ acronym:

Functionability Usability Reliability Performance Security + = Other constraints including design, implementation, interface, supportability, and physical

______ requirements describe constraints such as programming languages, tools, and communication protocols for distributed portions of the system.

Implementation

_____ requirements describe interactions between systems, e.g. the method of communication between one system and another system.

Interface

The most important and first step in preparing for an interview with a user is to establish the ____________________ of the interview.

Objective

______ requirements describe operational characteristics related to measures of workload such as throughput and response time.

Performance

______ requirements describe the dependability of a system such as service outages and incorrect processing.

Reliability

_______ requirements describe how access to the software application will be controlled and data will be protected.

Security

______ requirements describe how a system is configured, monitored, maintained, and updated.

Supportability

In order to show all the activities of a single agent or organizational unit together, a activity diagram contains what construct?

Swimlane heading

One way to show concurrent paths within an activity diagram is with a _______.

Synchronization bar // Node

Core Process 3 is called "Discover and understand details." Another term that is used to describe these activities is _______ activities.

Sytem analysis

A decision point within an activity diagram may be shown with an activity symbol. T/F

T

A key reason that modeling is important in system development is the complexity of describing information systems. T/F

T

Before gathering detailed information, and analyst identifies every type of stakeholder. a. True b. False

T

Core Process 3 involves defining in great detail what the information system needs to accomplish in order to provide the organization with the desired benefits. T/F

T

Sometimes a narrative description is the best form to use for recording information. T/F

T

Systems analysis involves the creation of logical models. T/F

T

The term "I'll know it when I see it" applies to one valid way to get requirements definition. T/F

T

When observing business processes, it is not necessary to observe all the processes at the same level of detail. T/F

T

The group that provides direction for the configuration of the new system in the existing computing environment are called _______. a. Technical stakeholders b. Support staff c. System programmers d. Operational stakeholders

Technical stakeholders

Use case diagrams, class diagrams, sequence diagrams are all examples of standard modeling method?

UML

_______ requirements describe operational characteristics related to users such as work procedures and online help.

Usability

Which are the major business themes that guide analysts in fact finding activities? (chose 3) a. What are the business processes? b. Who performs the business processes? c. How are the business processes performed? d. What are the objectives of a business process? (What should it accomplish?) e. What is produced by the business process? f. What information is needed?

a & c & f

The "+" in FURPS+ includes which of the following types of requirements? (choose two) a. Supportability requirements b. Performance constraints c. Reliability constraints d. Nonfunctional requirements e. Design constraints f. User interface requirements

a & e

Questionnaires can be useful in information gathering when users _____. a. are widely distributed geographically b. need prompting to respond to questions c. are not well-informed d. do not have time for interviews

a.

Questionnaires can be used to ask questions that _______. a. determine user opinions b. determine the stakeholders c. define system functions d. detail user procedures

a. determine user opinions

____ is an important part of each interview. a. Follow-up b. Review of the requirements models c. An agenda d. Finalize processing decisions

a. follow-up

Which of the following describes what the system is required to do? a. Functional requirements b. General requirements c. User requirements d. Nonfunctional requirements

a. functional diagrams

Which two of the following are activities of Core Process 3? (choose two) a. Gather detailed information b. Plan the project iterations c. Build an iteration schedule d. Define test data e. Develop user-interface dialogs f. Develop architectural structure

a. gather detailed information e. develop user-interface dialogs

Looping in an activity diagram is best represented using what? a. synchronization bars b. decision points c. activity ovals d. lines with arrowheads

a. synchronization bars

Application architecture is used to refer to a. the organization and configuration of all software solutions into information systems b. the application of the information system to solve business problems c. the architectural structure of the subsystems within a software application d. the relationship between software applications and the areas of the organization that they support

a. the organization and configuration of all software solutions into information systems

Two benefits of researching vendor solutions include _______ and ______. (Choose two) a. encouraging the users to buy a vendor solution immediately b. helping analysts discover state of the art solutions c. helping users generate new ideas for business functions d. speeding up the development project e. informing senior management about competitors f. reducing the risk of implementing a new system

b & c

What are the two primary benefits of reviewing the documentation of existing inputs, outputs, and procedures. (choose 2): a. Have a repository of existing documentation b. Obtain a preliminary understanding c. Encourages the users to prepare for interviews d. Help build models of existing procedures e. Ensure complete documentation of procedures f. Serve as visual aids in interview discussions

b, f

Questions that have a simple, definitive answer are called _______ questions. a. true/false b. close-ended c. open-ended d. multiple choice

b.

_______ is an important part of the follow-up after an interview. a. Establishing documentation guidelines b. Building models c. Making copies of everyone's notes d. Setting the time for the next meeting

b. building models

_______ requirements are based on the procedures and rules that the organization uses to run its business. a. Physical b. Functional c. Logical d. System

b. function

Diagrams and schematic representations of some aspect of a system are examples of a ______ model. a. logical b. graphical c. mathematical d. textual

b. graphical

Asking many detailed, probing questions during an initial interview usually _______. a. makes the users uncomfortable b. is necessary to understand the business process c. can wait until follow-up interviews d. indicates that the analyst does not understand the business

b. is necessary to understand the business process

The strength of closed-ended questions is that they ____. a. invite discussion and elaboration b. limit answers to a set of choices c. speed up the interview process d. are easier for the users to answer

b. limit answers

Every successful interview requires ____. a. open-ended questions b. preparation c. an activity diagram d. finding the exception conditions

b. preparation

The term technology architecture refers to a. the software resources which make up the information systems b. the hardware, network, and system software c. the combination of information systems and the hardware infrastructure d. the configuration of the old technology and new technology within an organization

b. the hardware, network, and system software

Which of the following statements is correct about questionnaires? a. Questionnaires are well suited to help you learn about processes, workflows, or techniques. b. Stakeholders always return questionnaires that contain many open-ended questions. c. Questionnaires have a limited and specific use in information gathering. d. Questionnaires are the most frequently used method to gather user information.

c. Questionnaires have a limited and specific use in information gathering.

One way to show multiple, independent alternative paths within an activity diagram is with a _______. a. synchronization bar b. swimlane c. decision diamond d. activity oval

c. decision diamond

The most important step in preparing for an interview is to _______. a. determine the correct users b. build a list of questions c. establish an objective d. determine the project team members

c. establish an objective

A representation of some aspect of the system being built is a _______. a. requirement b. technique c. model d. user interface

c. model

_______ requirements are characteristics of the system other than the business procedures it must support. a. System b. Physical c. Nonfunctional d. Implementation

c. non functional

Persons who regularly interact with the system as part of their jobs are called _______. a. user stakeholders b. client stakeholders c. operational stakeholders d. executive stakeholders

c. operational

During a fact-finding interview, an important guideline is ____. a. to include as many users as possible b. not to waste project time by including too many analysts c. to probe to get sufficient details d. to include the client in important decisions

c. to probe to get sufficient details

The term _______ refers to all the people who have an interest in the successful implementation of the system. a. users b. clients c. managers d. stakeholders

d.

Which of the following items is NOT a part of the application architecture? a. software b. programming languages and development tools c. user-interface technology d. virtual private networks

d. VPN

Workflows can be documented using _______. a. swimlanes b. use case diagrams c. class diagrams d. activity diagrams

d. activity diagrams

One of the dangers in researching vendor solutions is that users and analysts _______. a. may discover and desire too many unimportant "bells and whistles" b. may not understand the vendor solution c. may discover different methods to perform business processes d. may want to buy one of these solutions prematurely

d. amy want to buy one of these solutions prematurely

The term "I'll know it when I see it" refers to what method of requirements definition. a. Questionnaires b. User interviews c. Observing business procedures d. Collecting active user comments

d. collecting active user comments ----(Think -you are actively saying something)

What type of stakeholders are those that do not use the system on day to day tasks, but use information, such as reports, from the system. a. Business stakeholders b. Client stakeholders c. External stakeholders d. Executive stakeholders

d. executive

______ requirements are most often documented in graphical and textual models. a. Security b. Nonfunctional c. Technical d. Functional

d. functional

Which of the following is normally the most time-consuming and resource-expensive operation? a. Building prototypes b. Observing business processes c. Researching vendor solutions d. Interview stakeholders

d. interview stakeholders

As part of the interview process, any unresolved issues should be _______. a. noted in the analyst's meeting notes b. given a tentative resolution c. brought to the attention of the appropriate manager d. put on an open-items list

d. put on an open items list

Clients play what role in the development of the new system?

fund the project

A ______ is the sequence of processing steps that completely handle one business transaction.

workflow