Ch 22

Glycogen can be converted to glucose for energy. a. false b. true

b. true

Which of the following does not affect the metabolic rate? a. genetics b. hormones c. diet d. all of the factors affect the metabolic rate

d. all of the factors affect the metabolic rate

Which cell type produces glucagon? a. chromaffin cells b. beta cells c. bipolar cells d. C cells e. alpha cells

e. alpha cells

One food Calorie will raise the temperature of 1 liter of water by: a. 1 degree Celsius b. 1000 degrees Fahrenheit c. 10 degrees Celsius d. 1000 degrees Celsius e. 1 degree Fahrenheit

a. 1 degree Celsius

What does BMR stand for? a. basal metabolic rate b. basal metabolic rhythm c. baseline metabolic rhythm d. baseline metabolic rate e. both muscular and respiratory

a. basal metabolic rate

Reactions that result in the breakdown of large biomolecules: a. catabolism b. anabolism c. biochemical pathway

a. catabolism

Before converting amino acids into intermediates for energy metabolism, they must first undergo: a. deamination b. denaturation c. depeptidization d. delousing e. detoxification

a. deamination

Glucagon stimulates glycogenesis. a. false b. true

a. false (it is Gluconeogenesis or Glycogenolysis)

Anabolism is a term that describes reactions that release energy and reactions that result in the synthesis of large biomolecules: a. false b. true

a. false (it requires energy & synthesis of large biomolecules)

Which hormone causes an increase in blood sugar? a. glucagon b. insulin c. renin d. oxytocin e. ADH

a. glucagon

Which hormone promotes cellular utilization and storage of glucose? a. insulin b. glucagon

a. insulin

What is the mechanism of action of insulin? a. it facilitate glucose transport into most cells b. it increases gluconeogenesis c. it increases urinary excretion of excessive blood glucose d. it increases the basal metabolic rate

a. it facilitate glucose transport into most cells

One food Calorie is the same as: a. one kilocalorie b. one thousand kilocalories c. one calorie

a. one kilocalorie

Insulin is secreted from structures called: a. pancreatic islets b. apocrine glands c. intercalated discs d. sebaceous glands

a. pancreatic islets

Dilation of cutaneous blood vessels: a. promotes heat loss b. conserves heat

a. promotes heat loss

The process in which body cells obtain energy from nutrients is a catabolic process. a. true b. false

a. true

Protein is one of the primary substances used to store extra calories. a. true b. false

b. false

The nutrients that yield the most energy per gram when metabolized are: a. carbohydrates b. fats c. proteins d. vitamins e. nucleic acids

b. fats

The synthesis of glucose from a noncarbohydrate precursor is referred to as: a. glycogenesis b. gluconeogenesis c. glycogen d. glycogenolysis e. glycolysis

b. gluconeogenesis

Specific responses to changes in body temperature are controlled by the: a. medulla oblongata b. hypothalamus c. thermoreceptors d. skin e. cardiac output

b. hypothalamus

High levels of glycogen are found in the: a. liver b. liver and skeletal muscles c. skeletal muscles d. kidneys

b. liver and skeletal muscles

Heat production is maximized by: a. sweating b. nonshivering thermogenesis c. dilation of cutaneous blood vessels

b. nonshivering thermogenesis

During the absorptive state: a. skeletal muscles break down glycogen b. the liver forms glycogen c. all of the answers are correct d. glucagon levels are elevated e. adipocytes contribute fatty acids to the circulation

b. the liver forms glycogen

Thyroxine increases BMR. a. false b. true

b. true

Reactions that result in the synthesis of large molecules: a. catabolism b. biochemical pathway c. anabolism

c. anabolism

The alpha cells of the pancreas produce: a. insulin b. renin c. glucagon d. digestive enzymes e. cortisol

c. glucagon

The hormone that increases the rate of glycogen breakdown and glucose release by the liver is: a. glucocorticoid b. epinephrine c. glucagon d. insulin e. somatostatin

c. glucagon

Which hormone is secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas? a. glucagon b. pancreatic polypeptide c. insulin d. pancreatic lipase e. somatostatin

c. insulin

Glucagon is secreted by which of these glands? a. thyroid b. adrenal c. pancreas d. pituitary e. ovary

c. pancreas

The most practical way to estimate a person's basal metabolic rate is to measure it when the person is: a. resting after a large meal b. after exercising c. resting after a 12-hour fast

c. resting after a 12-hour fast (RMR)

Which of these hormones is secreted in response to an elevated blood glucose level? a. thyroxin b. epinephrine c. cortisol d. insulin e. glucagon

d. insulin

The sum total of all chemical reactions that occur in the body is called: a. ischemia b. anabolism c. catabolism d. metabolism e. calories

d. metabolism

Glucagon: a. primarily targets skeletal muscle b. primarily targets the liver c. only stimulates gluconeogenesis d. stimulates gluconeogenesis and primarily targets the liver e. stimulates gluconeogenesis and primarily targets skeletal muscle

d. stimulates gluconeogenesis and primarily targets the liver

The feeding and satiety centers are located in the: a. medulla oblongata b. pons c. cerebrum d. cerebellum e. hypothalamus

e. hypothalamus

Which hormone induces its target cells to take up glucose, thereby lowering blood glucose levels? a. pancreatic polypeptide b. somatostatin c. glucagon d. somatotropin e. insulin

e. insulin

An enzyme that digests fats is: a. ligase b. lyase c. hydrolase d. kinase e. lipase

e. lipase

Insulin: a. only inhibits gluconeogenesis b. only stimulates lipogenolysis c. stimulates glycolysis and lipogenolysis d. only stimulates glycolysis e. stimulates glycolysis and inhibits gluconeogenesis

e. stimulates glycolysis and inhibits gluconeogenesis

Which of the following factors increases basal metabolic rate? a. only insulin b. only thyroid hormones c. only acetylcholine d. only epinephrine e. thyroid hormones and epinephrine

e. thyroid hormones and epinephrine