Ch. 23 Integrating Technology, Informatics, and the Internet Into Nursing Education and Ch. 24 Consumer Education and Informatics

Which of the following answers is not an advantage of Web 2.0 technologies?

-***Minimizes communication -Manages information -Enriches health care professional collaboration -Can employ podcasts as a learning strategy.

Which of the following statements is accurate about the use of Virtual Learning Environments?

-***VLE's allow learners to practice new skills without fear of harm to themselves or others -VLEs are difficult to navigate in a classroom setting -Faculty members have difficulty creating measurable objectives for its use -VLEs technology intimidates contemporary student nurses

Advantages of Course/Learning Management Systems

-At least as effective as other methods -Introduction of technology into education -Provides a tool for distance education -Available 24 hours a day -May facilitate learning -Provides for flexibility in scheduling

E-learning Advantages

-Convenience -Flexibility -Available anytime and anywhere there is an Internet connection -Self-paced instruction -May occur via mobile devices such as PDAs, iPods, or cellular phones -Make virtual learning and distance learning able to happen

Components of Course/Learning Management Systems

-Facilitate learning -Provide tracking capability -Provide e-mail, chat, and discussion capability

Which statement is true concerning health care professional continuing education taken over the Internet?

-Feedback may be delayed while data are collected for the continuing education certificate -Instruction is too generalized to meet the needs of specific targeted populations -***Personnel may attend continuing education programs at any time convenient for the participant -Where continuing education is mandatory, utilizing the Internet causes documentation concerns

Social media and nurses

-HIPAA -professional boundaries -job implications Nurses advantage -up to date on organization events and inspiring stories Nurses disadvantage -violating HIPAA

Which of the following is one of the issues associated with health information related websites?

-Health care professionals are concerned with the abundance of websites -***Health care professionals are alarmed by the number of inaccurate websites -Health care professionals are concerned with the increase in websites uploaded by nonprofit societies -Health care professionals are not concerned with websites related to illness advice

Advantages of VLE

-Improved reading habits -Convenience -Reduced learning time -Increased retention -24 hr access -Consistent instruction in a safe environment -Flexibility of faculty schedules

10 levels in which online healthcare consumers or e-patients access and use health-related information

-Level 1: search for health information; searching for information on the drugs and other treatments -Level 2: Exchange e-mail with family members and friends; communicate with loved ones, about their healthcare issues, and to further seek feedback, advice, and support. -Level 3: Seek guidance from online patient-helpers; communicate with an other patient who has experienced the same condition -Level 4: Participate in online support groups; there are websites devoted to a single medical condition that allow individuals to share stories and ask questions through communications on Website forums or electronic mailing lists -Level 5: Join with other online consumer to research their shared concerns; some consumer support groups organize themselves into online work groups and examine the healthcare literature, with other groups carry this mission further and actually conduct informal or more formal research studies -Level 6: Use online medical guidance systems; online websites that list all possible drug interactions, and places where patients can answer a series of healthcare profile questions and receive a listing of possible risk factors, or diagnosis associated with some healthcare condition. Also directories where patients find detailed information about individual doctors and hospitals, for example, Going Commission (JCAHO) hospital ratings, patient evaluations, and reports of malpractice settlements -Level 7: Interact with volunteer online health professionals; can send questions by e-mail to health professionals that have found on the Internet, or they may visit healthcare Websites (WebMD) where healthcare clinicians are available to answer health-related questions -Level 8: Use the paid services of online medical advisors and consultants; some consumes use online-only services now offered by healthcare professionals. -Level 9: Engage in electronic conversations with their local clinicians; means for patients/consumers to prepare questions for a future visit -Level 10: Receive one-way electronic messages from their clinicians; pushed messages increased by presenting an opt-in approach with feedback or through a more interactive approach.

Disadvantages of VLE

-Reduced interaction with instructor and peers -Lack of feedback -Possibility for poor design and lack of intellectual stimulation

Examples of Course/Learning Management Systems

-Stellar -Sakai -Segue -Blackboard

Components of virtual learning

-facilitates learning -24 hour access -intro of tech and education -provides distance education tool -provides tracking capability -provide email, chat, and discussion capability -blended learning -facilitates learning retention and used to develop procedural skills -provides "safe" environment -Offers the potential to free instructor time, streamline instruction and testing, and eliminate costs associated with employee travel -Simulation offers a safe environment -Combine text, voice/sound, images, video, or hardware and software that support the same -May include streaming video, virtual reality, or Web 2.0 technology --Blogs --Podcasts and vodcasts --Wikis --YouTube

Key points for students involved in Distance Learning

-reception sites may be in students' homes, workplaces, or recreation areas -increases educational opportunities by eliminating long commutes -class rosters with phone numbers and addresses may be distributed to all class members as a means to encourage interactions among students -faculty may hold office hours online and provide feedback by telephone, electronic posting, instant messaging, e-mail, and Skype as well as during class time -students may remain online after class to ask questions -the sponsoring agency notifies students of information pertaining to hardware and software requirements, reception sites, and technical support -additional effort is required from both students and faculty maintain interactive aspects of the education process -some modifications may be required in the use of audiovisual aids and additional attention must be given to how well audiovisual aids transmit and whether they are visible to persons at other sites -successful offerings are the result of a team effort that involves instructional designers, graphic artists, faculty training, and technical support.

Social media and patients

-support groups -social networking Patient disadvantage -questionable content posted -anxiety generation -confidentiality issues

Consumers have access to a wide-range of resources that have the potential for informing their health care decisions and thus promoting a greater responsibility for which of the following?

-understanding how electronic data exchange works -Developing a cryptic password -Upgrading personal software -***Self-care

Virtual Learning Environment (VLE)

Any system that uses the Internet to assist the educator in developing, managing, and administering educational materials for students ex: Duke SON Second Life & Virtual Patient Care Simulation lab

Clickers

Classroom response system that are deployed to facilitate learning via the use of handheld transmitters. the software shows the response to specific, real-time questions projected overhead to a group of students to a receiver on the instructor's computer which transforms the data into a chart detailing the response. ex: poll everywhere Interactive learning and clickers are useful for -quiz delivery: questions to ascertain recall to facts or conceptual understanding -gauge learner confidence level and metacognition -questions which relate to knowledge application and critical thinking -data collection for classroom experiments -multiple choice questions -classroom tasks such as taking attendance and homework collection -formative and summative assent tasks -discussion promotion Common challenges -technical difficulties -learning curves -adaptation of established lesson plans to include multiple choice answers/discussions -logistics associated with change

E-learning

Delivery of content and simulation of learning primarily through the use of online telecommunication technologies such as blogs, podcasts, video, e-mail, bulletin board systems, electronic whiteboards, inter-relay char, videoconferencing, and the World Wide Web (WWW).

Mobile learning technologies

Denotes the use of mobile technologies, such as the mobile phone, the PDA, and the iPad. The most well-known and popular, the PDA.There is grant funding available for healthcare educators who wish to pursue this area of educational research. Types of mobile learning technologies -web based instruction -video teleconferencing -web 2.0 -podcasts -internet Mobile apps exist in order to assist patients in self-care. There are many mobile devices and eTextbooks to further education

Personal Digital Assistants (PDA) or smart phones

Has advantages for nurses and patients Nurses -used at the point of care to ensure delivery of safe care -reference tools -calculators Student Nurses -Reference tool -podcasts -upload clinical tools Patients -medical diaries or logs -reminder messages for medications -web access to physician Aids in m-learning or mobile learning Smart phones move healthcare from a provider focus to a patient-centric focus. However, healthcare information and services delivered via smart phones will move one step further. Healthcare, like the patient, will be mobile. This technology holds promise for the future in patient groups who are used to using technology while on the go. For example, mobile healthcare has the potential to be especially useful for adolescents and teens with chronic illness such as asthma. Smart phone technology has the potential to utilize... -personalized diary -medical regimen information on schedules -automated system reminders and tailored messages -action plans -summary and detailed patient data -web portal with provider drill down capability -exception reports on noncompliant patients (for the provider)

Podcasts

Internet based technology that allows distribution of audio or video content in MP3 file format via Real Simple Syndication. An Internet-based technology that allows for an audio event, a conversation, a lecture, a presentation, a speech, a group-learning occurrence, a video, or a song to be distributed via Really Simple Syndication Content may be heard or viewed from any MP3 play anywhere, anytime. Learners will be able to access podcasts with great ease in a car, train, bud, or subway.

Instructional Support

It is essential that nursing students are skilled in electronic literature and evidence based practice searches. Office applications -word processing -spreadsheets -databases -presentation software -communication --e-mail --IM --blogs --podcasts --threaded discussions Course/Learning management systems Virtual learning environments (VLE) Mobile learning (m-learning) Online literature searches Simulation Clickers

Simulation

Simulation technology enables users to learn and then demonstrate skills -low tech dolls -high tech dolls Simulators designed -standardize student learning opportunities -develop collaboration, communication, and co-operation -provide safe learning environment -augment clinical scenarios and faculty resources -present unusual or high-risk clinical situations -validate of skills Advantages -standardized student learning opportunities -safe learning environment -unusual or high-risk clinical situations -mastery of skills -stimulate critical thinking and teamwork Disadvantages -initial cost -instructor training

Course/Learning Management Systems

System that uses the Internet to assist in developing, managing, and administering educational materials for students in order to be a platform for enabling the management, delivery and tracking of online and blended learning. Effective integration of C/LMS for legal, organizational, and administrative purposes -posting course syllabus -organizing course registration lists, mailing lists, maintaining grade books, or posting grades Meaningful instructional use of C/LMS -distributing course content -readings and learning modules -providing a discussion forum -providing location for synchronous learning events including Webinars, surveys, and chat room spaces

Distance education

Use of audio, video, computer, TV, teleconferencing, or WWW to connect educator and students who are located at a minimum of two different locations. Learners are spread out throughout different geographic locations, and, in some cases different time zones. Course or learning management systems compose a large portion of the distance learning movement. -improve student access -meet student demands -extend geographic boundaries -remain viable -keep students on the cutting edge of technology

Web-based Instruction (WBI)

Uses attributes and resources of the World Wide Web (WWW) for educational purposes that may be used to supplement traditional courses or as stand-alone instruction. Benefits -self-paced learning, 24-hour availability, often prompt feedback, and interactivity. Hospitals use WBI for annual education. -Each state has requirement used to maintain license -15 CEU's (continuing education units) in Arkansas to maintain and hospitals use WBI to reinstate and continue education to the most updated form

Web 2.0

Uses web as a platform for collaboration to enrich user experience that facilitates online communication, learning, and collaboration. -Term coined for more sharing because we are beyond the WWW -ex: blogs, podcasts, wikis, social networking sites

Videoteleconferencing

conducting live meetings or trainings via the Internet. Examples -Skype -GoToMeeting -Microsoft 365 Advantages/Disadvantages -Print, audio, video, computer, tele-conference or the WWW to connect faculty and students at 2 or more separate sites -May occur via real (synchronous) or delayed (asynchronous) approaches. -Synchrony influences instructional design, delivery, and interaction -Infrastructure -More faculty preparation and organization -Concerted effort by students to remain active participants -Adaptation by faculty and students to a different teaching/learning environment -Technology plan and infrastructure -Course development and review guidelines -Advance preparation for students and faculty

e-patients

individuals who assume access to healthcare information 24/7 and expect to be a partner in healthcare decision making. Consumer health informatics is a subspecialty of medical informatics which studies from a patient/consumer perspective the use of electronic information and communication to improve medical outcomes and the healthcare decision-making process -consumer health informatics describes a paradigm change in healthcare delivery from clinical medicine in the Industrial Age to public health in the Information Age. -Issues with consumer health informatics include health literacy, disparity in access, and privacy and security