Ch 3

Biological changes that accompany growing old include ________ less keen senses. loss of height and weight. wrinkles in the skin and graying of the hair. All of these responses are correct.

All of these responses are correct.

What is the term sociologists give to a category of people with a common characteristic, usually their age? Age subculture Generation Age group Cohort

Cohort

Which of the following concepts refers to a person's fairly consistent pattern of acting, thinking, and feeling? Socialization Behavior Human nature Personality

Personality

Which of the following concepts refers to the lifelong social experience by which human beings develop their potential and learn culture? Socialization Personality Human nature Behaviorism

Socialization

When people model themselves after the members of peer groups they would like to join, they are engaging in a process that sociologists call ________ group conformity. future directedness. anticipatory socialization. group rejection.

anticipatory socialization

The social sciences, including sociology, make the claim that ________ humans have instincts that guide our lives. biological forces underlie human culture. as humans, to nurture is our nature. Darwin's model of biological evolution explains the patterns of human culture.

as humans, to nurture is our nature.

Jean Piaget's focus was on ________ how children develop their motor skills. how children are stimulated by their environment. the role of heredity in shaping human behavior. cognition, or how people think and understand.

cognition, or how people think and understand.

A distinctive contribution of schooling to the process of socialization is ________ exposing the child to an impersonal, bureaucratic setting. exposing the child to people of similar social backgrounds. teaching children to be highly flexible and to express their individuality. helping children break free of gender roles.

exposing the child to an impersonal, bureaucratic setting.

Family is important to the socialization process because ________ family members are often what Mead called "generalized others." families pass along social identity to children in terms of class, ethnicity, and religion. families begin the process of anticipatory socialization. families set the stage for resocialization.

families pass along social identity to children in terms of class, ethnicity, and religion.

Osagie Obasogie did research with people who have been blind since birth and discovered that, with regard to race, these people ________ were more racially prejudiced than sighted people. held much the same ideas about race as sighted people. could not imagine what "race" meant. strongly believed that race did not matter at all.

held much the same ideas about race as sighted people

In the historical perspective, the importance of the mass media to the socialization process has ________ increased over time. been about the same over the last century. decreased over time. never been very important

increased over time.

An inmate who loses the capacity for independent living is described as ________ unsocialized. integrated. institutionalized. dissociated.

institutionalized

When Cooley used the concept of the "looking-glass self," he claimed that ________ people are self-centered. people see themselves as they think others see them. people see things only from their own point of view. our actions are a reflection of our values.

people see themselves as they think others see them.

According to Erving Goffman, the goal of a total institution is to ________ help integrate a troubled patient into the outside world. give a person greater choices about how to live. radically alter a person's personality or behavior. encourage lifelong learning in a supervised context.

radically alter a person's personality or behavior

Looking at childhood in global perspective, we find that ________ childhood is a time of play and learning everywhere. rich societies extend childhood much longer than do poor societies. rich societies extend childhood much longer than do poor societies. biological immaturity is the main factor that defines childhood.

rich societies extend childhood much longer than do poor societies.

Based on what you have read in this chapter, you would correctly conclude that ________ society shapes how we think, feel, and act. human beings lack spontaneity and creativity. human beings are locked in the prison of society. human beings are unwilling to change society.

society shapes how we think, feel, and act

According to Mead, social experience involves ________ understanding the world in terms of our senses. the exchange of symbols. a mix of biological instinct and learning. acting but not thinking.

the exchange of symbols.

The concept of "gerontocracy" refers to a society in which ________ there is a pronounced "youth culture." the richest people have most of the power and prestige. religious leaders have the most power. the oldest people have the most wealth, power, and prestige.

the oldest people have the most wealth, power, and prestige.

George Herbert Mead considered the self to be ________ the part of an individual's personality that is composed of self-awareness and self-image. the presence of culture within the individual. basic drives that are self-centered. present in infants at the time of their birth.

the part of an individual's personality that is composed of self-awareness and self-image.