Ch. 3 environmental risk comprehensive science
DIE stands for Design for Environment.
T
The basic premise behind the "The Tragedy of the Commons" is
a resource becomes overexploited when its ownership is shared.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of sustainable development?
assigning value to everything
Amount of a product that consumers are willing and able to buy various prices.
demand
The concept of "DfE," utilized in the United States by the EPA, is
design for the environment.
Which is NOT a step in the cost-benefit analysis?
determination of tradable emissions
Classically there are three kinds of resources, which are
labor, capital, and land.
Mathematical statement about how likely it is that something will happen.
probability
What does the price of a product or service reflect?
the demand for and availability of the product
Which of the following does NOT demonstrate the use of renewable resources?
using underground coal deposits to produce heat and electricity
A similarity between ecosystems and markets is that they both operate in the same time frame.
F
Environmental costs are easy to assess, since they can be easily converted into monetary values.
F
More people die from aircraft accidents than from motor vehicle accidents.
F
Risk assessment usually involves a statement regarding the possibility that something could occur.
F
The debt-for-nature program's main goal is the reduction of debt in many developing countries.
F
There is essentially no difference between risk assessment and risk management.
F
Environmental liability protection for small businesses was provided by
SBLRBRA (Brownfields Law).
A primary environmental cost is pollution.
T
ASTM International is similar to ISO since it is a voluntary standard setting organization.
T
Cost-benefit analysis is concerned with whether a policy generates more social benefit than social cost.
T
Deciding which risks should be given the highest priority and how much risk is acceptable are two decisions involved in risk management.
T
Economists look at resources as the available supply of something that can be used.
T
In economics, the price rises when demand exceeds supply.
T
Man has a tendency to misuse or overexploit any resource that is held in common public ownership.
T
One concern of the cost-benefit analysis is that it places an economic value on everything.
T
The general public typically perceives involuntary risks, such as nuclear weapons, a greater risk than voluntary risks, such as smoking.
T
The supply is the amount of goods or service people are willing to sell at a given price.
T
The goal of a deposit-refund program is to
encourage product recycling through the refund of a deposit.
Expenses borne by someone other than the individuals who use the resource.
external costs
Which of the following activities is associated with the greatest approximate lifetime risk of death?
going to the hospital
Which of the following is NOT a pollution cost?
increased health costs
Which of the following is a market-based instrument?
information programs
Point at which there is no significant health or environmental risk.
negligible risk
When the supply of a commodity exceeds the demand
producers lower their prices.
We assign value to natural resources based on our perception of their
relative scarcity
Likelihood that a condition or action will lead to injury, damage, or loss.
risk
The use of facts and assumptions to estimate the probability of harm to human health or the environment is called
risk assessment
Use of facts to estimate the probability of harm to human health that may result from exposure to pollutants, toxins, or management decisions.
risk assessment
Decision-making process that uses input such as risk assessment and economic impacts.
risk management
Gift to private enterprise by government when the enterprise is in economic difficulty.
subsidy
The amount of a good or service available to be purchased is the
supply
Relationship between available supply of a commodity or service and its price.
supply/demand curve
Development that meets the needs of the present with out compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
sustainable development
Pollution Prevention (P2) can
take on purely economic aspects
Which of the following is an example of an extended product responsibility?
the use of recycled wood products in the manufacture of new products
