Ch 4 Book Review

________ is concerned with whether or not we are the connection between a cause and an effect is correct.

Validity

Another way to say that two things are causally related is to say that:

One thing causes another

Which of the following would serve as a "photographic look" of a phenomenon at one point in time?

Cross-sectional study

Which of the following terms is defined as to the danger of making assertions about individuals as the unit of analysis based on the examination of groups or other aggregations?

Ecological fallacy

A study that seeks to understand the differences between gangs uses what unit of analysis?

Groups

Which of the following terms denotes when researchers wish to explore the more specific consideration of a causal mechanism in a specific situation?

Ideographic model of explanation

A systematic error would be found in what type of validity problem?

Internal validity

Which of the following does not represent a criterion for causality?

It is not necessary for two variables to be correlated with each other

What type of study attempts to account for errors in drawing a sample by measuring the same people on two or more occasions?

Panel study

Causation _________.

Suggests a cause-and-effect relationship, is inherently probabilistic in the social sciences, and is the focus of explanatory research.

Which of the following would allow a researcher to measure a change in a general population over time?

Trend study

When we are concerned with whether we are correct in inferring that a cause produced an effect, we are concerned with the:

Validity