Ch. 44: Isotonic, Isometric, & Isokinetic Exercise

What are the benefits of isotonic (dynamic) exercises?

Increased muscle tone, mass, & strength. Maintain joint flexibility & circulation.

Isometric (static/setting) exercises involve exerting _______ against a solid object.

pressure

Isotonic (dynamic) exercises are those where the muscle ________ to produce muscle contraction and active __________.

shortens; movement

During isokinetic (resistive) exercises, a person _______ against _____________.

tenses; resistance

Isometric (static/setting) exercises are those where muscle contraction occurs ______ ________ the joint.

without moving

Exercises can be classified into 3 types according to the TYPE of MUSCLE CONTRACTION such as:

Isotonic Isometric Isokinetic

Compared to isotonic (dynamic) exercises, do isometric (static/setting) exercises cause a rapid increase in heart rate, cardiac output, & blood flow?

No. The increase in HR, CO, & BF is mild with isometric exercises compared to isotonic exercises.

What are the benefits of isokinetic (resistive) exercises?

Physical conditioning to build up certain muscle groups.

What are examples of isotonic (dynamic) bed exercises?

Pushing/pulling against stationary object. Using trapeze to lift a body off the bed. Lifting the buttocks off the bed by pushing with hands against mattress. Pushing body to a sitting position.

Isokinetic (resistive) exercises involve muscle contraction or tension against resistance. True or False?

True.

With isometric exercises the muscle does not shorten, muscle length does not change. True or False?

True. Isometric exercises are the opposite of isotonic exercises. Isotonic exercises require active movement where isometric exercises do not. Isotonic exercises cause muscles to shorten and with isometric exercises the muscle length stays the same.

What are examples of isotonic (dynamic) activities?

Running Walking Swimming Cycling ADLs Active ROM exercises

What is normally used to accomplish isokinetic (resistive) exercises?

Special machines or devices.

What is an example of an isometric bed exercise?

Squeezing a towel or pillow between the knees while at the same time tightening the muscles in the fronts of the thighs by pressing the knees backwards and holding for several seconds. "Quad sets".

What are benefits of isometric (static/setting) exercises?

Strengthening abdominal, gluteal, & quadriceps muscles used in ambulation. Maintaining strength in immobilized muscles in casts or traction. For endurance training.

Isotonic (dynamic) exercises cause an increase in:

heart rate, cardiac output, and blood flow to all parts of the body.