Ch 47 Endocrine 2 mostly terms
The nurse is preparing a patient to undergo a computed tomography (CT) scan using an intravenous (IV) contrast medium for evaluating the size of a tumor in the pituitary gland. What information does the nurse provide the patient? Select all that apply.
"You may develop renal failure.'' "You must lie still during the procedure.'' "I will test your renal function before the procedure.''
A patient has sought care because of a loss of 25 lb over the past six months during which the patient states that he or she has made no significant dietary changes. For what potential problem should the nurse assess the patient?
Thyroid disorders
Which hormone acts on all of the body tissues?
Thyroid hormone
Which is the function of the hormone calcitonin?
To regulate calcium balance
When instructing a patient regarding a urine study for free cortisol, what is most important for the nurse to tell the patient?
Try to avoid stressful situations during the collection period.
A patient's recent medical history is indicative of diabetes insipidus. The nurse would perform patient teaching related to which diagnostic test?
Water deprivation test
Which cells of the islets of Langerhans produce a hormone that influences a patient's metabolism of absorbed nutrients?
F cells
The nurse is assessing a patient with Cushing syndrome. What might the nurse observe in the patient? Select all that apply.
Facial fullness Periorbital edema Excessive facial hair
The patient has been feeling tired lately and has gained weight and reports thickened, dry skin, and increased cold sensitivity even though it is now summer. Which endocrine diagnostic test should be done first ?
Free thyroxine (FT4)
Which hormone stimulates the process of gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis?
Glucagon
When assessing a patient with hypothyroidism, which finding does the nurse anticipate?
Goiter
Which organ in a patient secretes atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) hormone?
Heart
The nurse working in an endocrine clinic knows that Chvostek's sign is a diagnostic tool that is used to assess for which electrolyte disturbance?
Hypocalcemia
What change in the aging process helps the nurse determine that a geriatric patient is at an increased risk for diabetes mellitus?
Increased fibrosis and fatty acid deposits in the pancreas
The nurse working in an endocrine clinic knows that Trousseau's sign is an important diagnostic tool. Which statement best describes how to conduct the test for Trousseau's sign?
Inflate a blood pressure cuff above the antecubital space
The nurse is educating a patient about an ultrasound of the thyroid gland to observe for any nodules. What should the nurse teach the patient?
Inform the patient that a gel and transducer will be used over the neck.
Which statement is true about cortisol?
Its levels are increased during hypoglycemia.
A patient is receiving an insulin tolerance test. Which is an appropriate nursing action for a patient who may develop hypoglycemia during the test?
Keep 50% dextrose intravenous solution ready near the bedside of the patient.
The nurse knows that the hormone produced by the parathyroid glands targets which organ?
Kidneys
The nurse is caring for a female patient with abnormal development of breasts. What does the nurse expect to find in the patient's diagnostic reports?
Low levels of estrogen
The nurse identifies that a patient may have ineffective uterine contractions during labor based on what laboratory result?
Low levels of oxytocin
A patient presents at the outpatient unit for a cortisol (total) blood test. Which intervention should the nurse perform?
Mark the time of blood draw on the slip.
A patient has skin depigmentation in various areas. About what hormone replacement therapy does the nurse educate the patient that will achieve a positive outcome?
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)
The nurse is caring for a patient with a head injury. Results of the CT brain scan indicate pineal gland damage. The nurse anticipates that the patient will experience a decrease in the secretion of which hormone?
Melatonin
Which phase of the menstrual cycle or postmenopausal phase is predominant in a woman with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level that is 6.17 to 17.2 mU/mL?
Ovulatory phase
A patient's laboratory reports indicate an abnormal decrease in blood Ca+ levels. Which hormone imbalance would cause this decrease?
Parathormone (PTH)
Which hormone increases bone mineralization?
Parathyroid hormone
The nurse reviews the laboratory reports of several female patients. Which patient has abnormal follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels?
Patient C
The nurse reviews the laboratory reports of four patients. Which patient may have impaired functioning of the sympathetic nervous system?
Patient D
The nurse provides information to a group of nursing students about the positive feedback mechanism. Which information is appropriate for the nurse to include in the education?
The female ovarian hormone estradiol operates by this mechanism.
The nurse assesses a patient with darkening of the skin on the knuckles, elbows, knees, genitals, and palmar creases. What endocrine disorder does the nurse suspect these clinical manifestations indicate?
Addison's disease
The nurse is performing an assessment for a patient who has been admitted to the acute care facility. A "bronze" skin tone is observed during the assessment. What condition does the nurse recognize that this patient may have?
Addison's disease
A patient's serum potassium level is 3 mEq/L and serum sodium level is 145 mEq/L. Which hormone synthesis does the nurse understand is inhibited by these conditions?
Aldosterone
Which hormone is essential for the maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance?
Aldosterone
An older adult patient is seen in the endocrine clinic. Upon assessment, the nurse is able to palpate the thyroid gland. What does this finding indicate?
This is a normal finding in the elderly.
A teenaged female patient reports disturbances in her menstrual cycle. Which gland does the nurse suspect to cause the disturbances caused by improper functioning?
Pineal gland
Which gland releases its secretions directly into the bloodstream?
Pituitary gland
The nurse assesses the laboratory results for a female patient and finds there are increased levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). What condition does the nurse suspect this patient is experiencing?
Pregnancy
Which hormones act on a patient's mammary glands? Select all that apply.
Prolactin Oxytocin
When providing care to a patient with a tumor located on the anterior pituitary gland, which of the patient's hormones will the nurse expect will be affected? Select all that apply.
Prolactin Thyrotropin Somatotropin
A patient has been ordered to undergo a diagnostic procedure to determine the severity of thyroid dysfunction. For what test should the nurse prepare the patient?
Radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU)
Which hormone depends on plasma proteins for its transportation in blood?
Steroids
Which function of prolactin should the nurse include in a teaching session for a patient who is newly pregnant?
Stimulation of milk production
The nurse reviews the laboratory results of a patient and recalls that the normal range of thyroglobulin in females is what?
0.5-43 ng/mL
When caring for the patient with a traumatic brain injury (TBI), the nurse knows that damage to which endocrine gland can affect the hormone secretion from some of the other endocrine glands?
2 anterior pituitary
The health care provider was unable to save a patient's parathyroid gland during a radical thyroidectomy. The nurse should consequently pay particular attention to which laboratory value?
Calcium levels
A patient with low levels of parathormone in the blood is experiencing frequent muscle spasms in the extremities. Which diet should the nurse suggest to this patient?
Calcium-rich diet
Which chemical acts as the precursor for steroid hormone synthesis?
Cholesterol
What is the order of events associated with the body's response to increased plasma osmolality?
An increase in plasma osmolality stimulates the posterior pituitary gland to release antidiuretic hormone. This antidiuretic hormone regulates urine concentration by reabsorbing the water into the kidney tubules. Due to this, there will be an increase in the plasma volume. This again results in decreased plasma osmolality, and the release of antidiuretic hormone is inhibited.
A patient is scheduled to undergo a water deprivation test. What are the priority nursing actions during testing? Select all that apply.
Collect urine samples every hour. Collect blood samples every two hours. Measure serum sodium before initiating the test.
A patient is admitted to the hospital with severe burns. Which hormone level does the nurse expect to be elevated in the patient's laboratory reports?
Cortisol
The nurse reviews a patient's medical record and notes assessment findings. Which endocrine hormone level does the nurse expect to be increased in the patient?
Cortisol
An older adult patient is scheduled to have a computed tomography (CT) scan with intravenous contrast. What assessment data should the nurse report immediately to the primary health care provider prior to the test?
Creatinine clearance of 185 mL/min
The nurse is assessing a patient diagnosed with Addison's disease. What would the nurse expect to find in this patient?
Darkened skin on the knuckles, elbows, and palmar creases
The nurse is performing an assessment for a patient with hypoparathyroidism. Which assessment finding does the nurse document that correlates with this condition?
Decreased skin pigmentation
A patient reports excessive thirst, increased urine output, and weight loss. Upon reviewing the laboratory reports of the patient, the nurse finds increased blood glucose levels. The nurse suspects that the patient has which condition?
Diabetes mellitus
Which hormones are released by the adrenal medulla? Select all that apply.
Dopamine Epinephrine Norepinephrine
Which hormone is referred to as the "fight or flight" hormone?
Epinephrine
A patient is referred for a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan for radiologic evaluation of the pituitary gland. Which interventions should the nurse perform for the patient? Select all that apply.
Explain that the test is noninvasive. Assure the patient that the test is painless. Inform the patient of the need to lie still during the procedure.
The hypothalamus secretes releasing hormones and inhibiting hormones. What is the target tissue of these releasing hormones and inhibiting hormones?
Anterior pituitary
A patient's blood test reveals elevated levels of growth hormone (GH) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). In discussing these results with the patient, the nurse explains that both of these hormones have which feature?
Are secreted by the anterior pituitary
A patient has a visible mass in the anterior neck. What intervention is performed when assessing the patient?
Auscultate the lateral lobes with a stethoscope.
Which cells of the islets of Langerhans produce and secrete insulin and amylin?
β cells