Ch. 5: Anxiety, OCD, & related disorder

60 to 80

According to some studies, about _____ percent of agoraphobics who receive exposure therapy find it easier to enter public places. 0 to 20 20 to 40 40 to 60 60 to 80

Verna, who lives with her two children in post-earthquake Haiti

According to the sociocultural model, who is MOST likely to develop generalized anxiety disorder? Verna, who lives with her two children in post-earthquake Haiti Keela, a college student working part-time Charles, an educated businessman who lives in an affluent neighborhood Sandor, who works a minimum wage job, but receives subsidized income because of a disability

b.) 29

Approximately _____ percent of the adult population develop one of the anxiety disorders at some point in their lives. a) 19 b) 29 c) 39 d) 49

classical

Behaviorists propose that _____ conditioning is a common way of acquiring phobic reactions. operant modeling pair classical

stimulus generalization

Behaviorists suggest that once a phobia is an established, _____ may cause a person to experience a fear response to a different, but similar, stimuli. mirror stimulus parallel learning stimulus pairing stimulus generalization

c) gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)

Benzodiazepine receptors ordinarily receive_____, a common neurotransmitter in the brain. a) acetylcholine (ACh) b) dopamine c) gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) d) serotonin

positive regard

Carl Rogers believed that children who failed to receive unconditional _____ might become overly critical and develop harsh self-standards. positive regard recognition parental love attention and focus

generalized anxiety disorder.

Carlie is studying for her final exams on a daily basis. Unfortunately, she is finding it harder and harder to concentrate. She has not been sleeping very well, and even when she is confident she knows the material, she constantly doubts herself and thinks that she is not capable of doing well. Furthermore, she is finding that her anxiety and self-doubt have begun to affect other aspects of her life. She struggles to keep up with other parts of life, such as laundry and grocery shopping. Carlie's situation is an example of: obsessive-compulsive disorder. post-traumatic stress disorder. panic disorder. generalized anxiety disorder.

fear

Carson was hiking through Yosemite National Park when he rounded a corner and found a big black bear. Which of the following would be an appropriate response? generalized anxiety anxiety post-traumatic stress disorder fear

biological

Elvyra suffers from generalized anxiety disorder. Her therapist has prescribed Ativan, and has taught her to achieve deep muscle relaxation. Elvyra has also used an electromyograph for biofeedback. Elvyra's therapist's techniques are rooted in the_____ theoretical perspective. psychodynamic sociocultural humanistic biological

humanistic

Fadil has been visiting a therapist for the treatment of his generalized anxiety disorder. Fadil realizes that his anxiety may stem in part from the fact that he is too self-judgmental. He is not sure if the therapy is affecting his anxiety, but he does feel that his therapist genuinely cares about him and his recovery. His therapist's techniques are MOST likely rooted in the_____ perspective. sociocultural humanistic psychodynamic cognitive

known; unknown

Fear is to _____, as anxiety is to _____. known; unknown imaginary; real men; women youth; elderly

generalized his response

In his classic experiment, John B. Watson paired a rat with a loud noise to induce a fear response in a little boy. Eventually, after pairing the rat and the noise together often enough, the little boy only had to see the rat to become fearful. However, the little boy began to have a fear response to things other than just the rat, particularly if the other object was a similar shape or color. This is because the little boy: made a mistake. was trained using operant conditioning. modeled the responses of those adults around him. generalized his response.

classical conditioning

In his classic experiment, John B. Watson paired a rat with a loud noise to induce a fear response in a little boy. Eventually, after pairing the rat and the noise together often enough, the little boy only had to see the rat to become fearful. This is an example of how _____ can potentially cause a phobia. association learning operant conditioning classical conditioning modeling

50

In some studies, African Americans and Hispanic Americans report having _____ percent more specific phobias than do European Americans. 50 60 70 80

modeling.

Instead of gradually exposing Felix to the object that he fears, his therapist confronts the object while Felix watches. Felix's therapist is using: role-playing. modeling. systematic desensitization. flooding.

agoraphobia.

Jacqueline was driving home from work when she approached a traffic jam that came to a standstill on a bridge. The traffic did not move, and she began to feel anxious that she could not escape the traffic or the bridge. Last week, she experienced something similar when she stood in a long line at the grocery store. She now has developed an extreme fear of leaving home to risk facing one of these "inescapable" situations. Jacqueline is MOST likely suffering from: social anxiety disorder. flooding. modeling. agoraphobia.

humanistic

Jewel is often critical of herself and her ability to perform even the most basic tasks. She has tried to change her negative views about herself but self-deprecating thoughts always seem to breakthrough and her anxiety increases no matter the situation. Jewel's therapist believes that this is the root of her generalized anxiety disorder. Jewel's therapist is MOST likely following the_____ perspective. humanistic biological psychodynamic cognitive

Ativan

Julie was MOST likely prescribed which benzodiazepine for her generalized anxiety disorder. Zoloft Ativan Valtrate Prozac

a phobia.

Leni is terrified of clowns to the extent that even when she thinks about them, it makes her nervous and agitated. Leni will go to great lengths to avoid clowns. Leni MOST likely would be diagnosed with: generalized anxiety disorder. obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). a phobia. post-traumatic stress disorder.

sociocultural

Margo is a psychological theorist who is conducting research with low-income people who have been diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder. She has found that anxiety problems in this group of people are related to problems related to poverty and poor job and educational opportunities. Margo's findings support the_____ perspective. sociocultural psychodynamic cognitive humanistic

generalized anxiety disorder

Marta presents with excessive worry, is easily fatigued, restless, irritable, and has not been sleeping well. Marta MOST likely is suffering from: panic disorder. obsessive-compulsive disorder. generalized anxiety disorder. social phobia.

psychodynamic

Matika is a therapist who is treating a client with generalized anxiety disorder. She believes that her client's anxiety stems from overprotective parents. During their therapy sessions, Matika uses methods such as free association and dream analysis. Matika's beliefs and strategies for generalized anxiety disorder stem from the_____ perspective. sociocultural psychodynamic humanistic cognitive

D. Adrian Wells

Metacognitive theory, developed by _____, suggests that people with generalized anxiety disorder implicitly hold both positive and negative beliefs about worrying. A.) Carol Gilligan B.)Albert Bandura C.) Albert Ellis D.) Adrian Wells

cognitive

Natasha has been diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder. Her therapist has been working with her to educate her about the role of worrying. Natasha is trying to understand what triggers her worrying and how worrying is a bad way to control her life. Natasha's therapist's techniques are rooted in which theoretical perspective? humanistic sociocultural psychodynamic cognitive

delusions.

People who suffer from generalized anxiety disorder experience all of the following EXCEPT: feelings of restlessness. delusions. difficulty sleeping. muscle tension.

modeling

Rayden's mother is afraid of roller coasters. Any time the family would visit an amusement park, Rayden's mother would refuse to go near any of the roller coasters. Even if she had never been on one of the coasters, Rayden's mother would constantly ask whether there were hills, and if they were big hills or little hills. Eventually, Rayden himself began to ask these questions and refused to go on any of the roller coasters. Behaviorists might explain Rayden's behavior through the process of: classical conditioning. operant conditioning. modeling. relearning.

humanistic therapist

Rory's therapist is helping him come to terms with who he is by unconditionally supporting Rory and showing Rory complete acceptance. Rory's therapist is MOST likely a: behavioral therapist. humanistic therapist. cognitive therapist. psychoanalyst.

the grocery store.

Ruth is an agoraphobic. She is MOST likely to avoid: her backyard. her car. her bathroom. the grocery store.

c.) panic attacks

Some agoraphobics also experience sudden explosions of fear called: a) anxiety. b) obsessions. c) panic attacks. d) flooding.

panic attacks.

Some agoraphobics also experience sudden explosions of fear called: obsessions. panic attacks. flooding. anxiety.

drug therapy.

The leading biological treatment for generalized anxiety disorder is: relaxation training. drug therapy. biofeedback. electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).

intolerance of uncertainty

This _____ theory suggests that people with generalized anxiety disorder believe that any possibility of a negative event occurring, no matter how slim the chance, means that the event is apt to occur. intolerance of uncertainty tolerance of uncertainty intolerance of certainty tolerance of certainty

benefit less

Those who suffer from agoraphobia with panic disorder _____ from treatment compared to those with agoraphobia without panic disorder. benefit more benefit equally do not benefit benefit less

childhood spanking

Walda is a sociocultural theorist, so she does NOT believe that _____ is a factor in generalized anxiety disorder. poverty childhood spanking a lack of educational opportunities a lack of job opportunities

c) is more intense.

Walter has a fear of enclosed space. He sweats profusely, shakes and becomes highly agitated whenever he thinks about enclosed spaces and avoids them at all cost even if it means he will not be able to do something or go someplace. His friend Peter does not like enclosed spaces either, however, Peter will not avoid doing things that require him to be closed off or in a small space. The difference between Walter's reaction and Peter's reaction is that Walter's reaction: a) could put him into danger. b) is caused by a biological condition. c) is more intense. d) is normal, Peter's is not.

African Americans

Which population has the highest rates of generalized anxiety disorder? African Americans European Americans Hispanic Americans Asian Americans

Leeann, who fears enclosed spaces and is unemployed

Who is MOST likely to be diagnosed with a specific phobia? Derek, who fears dogs and is self-employed Leeann, who fears enclosed spaces and is unemployed Elijah, who fears blood and is a college student Anna, who fears heights and works a full-time job

Aaron Beck

_____ argued that people with generalized anxiety disorder constantly hold silent assumptions that imply that they are in imminent danger. Albert Ellis Aaron Beck Carl Rogers Karen Horney

Systematic desensitization

_____ is a behavioral treatment that uses relaxation training and a fear hierarchy to help clients with phobias to respond calmly when faced with the objects or situations that they dread. Flooding Modeling Trending Systematic desensitization

Generalized anxiety disorder

_____ is sometimes described as free-floating anxiety. -Panic disorder -Obsessive-compulsive disorder -Social phobia -Generalized anxiety disorder

agoraphobia

_____ refers to a fear of being in a public place or situation where escape might be difficult or help unavailable. Acrophobia Agoraphobia Claustrophobia Arachnophobia

Metacognitive

_____ theory suggests that people with generalized anxiety disorder implicitly hold both positive and negative beliefs about worrying. Basic cognitive Metacognitive The intolerance of uncertainty Cognitive