Ch. 5 Ethical Issues in Research and Scholarships

Explain the constraints associated with the use of copyrighted materials. Include in your discussion three (3) primary considerations about what constitutes violations of copyright

1. Purpose: Is the use to be commercial or educational? More leeway is given for educational use such as theses, dissertations, and published research papers 2. Nature: Is the copying expected? Copying a journal article for your personal use is expected and reasonable. Copying a complete book or standardized test, however, is not expected and is probably a violation of the fair-use concept 3. Amount: How much is copied? The significant issue is the importance of the copied part

According to the American Psychological Association, when a grad student submits her thesis or dissertation for publication jointly with the major professor, the first author should be

The student

The concept of informed consent deals with the protection of the rights of human participants in research studies. Briefly describe what this means. In other words, what kinds of rights should be considered when using human in research?

1. A fair explanation of the procedures to be followed, including an identification of those that are experimental 2. A description of the attendant discomforts and risks 3. A description of the benefits to be expected 4. A disclosure of appropriate alternative produces that would be advantageous for the participant 5. An offer to answer any inquiries including concerning the procedures 6. An instruction that the participant is free to withdraw consent and discontinue participation in the project or activity at any time

For confidentiality, the researcher should...

1. Inform the participants about the people who will have access to the data 2. Make certain no unauthorized individuals have access to the research data 3. Remove names from data-collection instruments and replace them with a code

The determining factor in the order of authorship of a research publication is that the first author is the person who

Develops the idea and plans the research

The term that denotes using ideas, writings, or drawings of others as your own is

Plagiarism

After receiving approval from the university committee on the use of human as research participants (IRB) the researcher...

Should include a description of this compliance in the methods of the thesis or dissertation

You plan to use animals in your thesis research. A close friend believes that animals are used too often (and sometimes misused) in research. Explain to your friend why it is important to use animals in research and how the animals are protected

Animal studies may have more stringent criteria for approval than studies with humans. Institutional review boards typically require that investigators demonstrate that animal studies add significant knowledge to the literature and are not replications, a requirement not placed on studies using humans as participants As long as the animals are well treated, it makes sense to use them in these areas: 1. Drug testing 2. Animal models of disease 3. Basic research 4. Education of undergrad and grad students in labs and lectures, with experience and information gained from the use of animal models 5. Development of surgical techniques The animals are protected by the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, as detailed in the Animal Welfare Act

Which of the following statements about dual publication is NOT true?

Dual publication is permissible if the two (2) journals are in different languages (e.g., published in different countries)

An important principle set forth of by the American Psychological Association is the right of informed consent, which states that the researcher is obligated to...

Explain the major features of the study to the participants before beginning of the study so that they have the opportunity to decline to take part