ch 6

In an AOA network diagram, _____________ occur when two or more activities follow a single node.

bursts

Which of the following is a network diagramming technique used primarily to predict total project duration?

critical path analysis

Critical chain scheduling protects tasks on the critical chain from being delayed by using _____________, which consist of additional time added before tasks on the critical chain that are preceded by non-critical-path tasks.

feeding buffers

AOA netowrk diagrams use only ___________ dependencies.

finish-to-start

A(n) ______________ determines the earliest start and early finish dates for each activity in a project.

forward pass

________________ dependencies are sometimes referred to as soft logic and should be used with care because they may limit later scheduling options

discretionary

One of the first reality checks on scheduling that a project manager should make is to review the ______________

draft schedule

_____________ have no duration and no resources but are occasionally needed on AOA network diagrams to show logical relationships between activites

dummy activities

______________ is the number of workdays or work hours required to complete a task

effort

After working with key stakeholders to define activities and calculate their resources, the next process in project time management is to:

estimate the duration of activites

In project time management, which of the following processes involve calculating the number of work periods that are needed to complete individual activities?

estimating activity durations

In project time management, the process of ___________ involves deciding how many people, equipment, and materials a project team should use to perform project activities.

estimating activity resources

Which of the following dependencies involve relationships between project and non-project activities?

external

A backward pass through the network diagram determines the early start and early finish dates for each activity.

false

A disadvantage of using Gantt charts is that they do not provide a standard format for displaying planned project schedule information

false

A drawback of the precedence diagramming method is that it cannot be used unless dummy activities are employed.

false

A merge occurs when one node precedes multiple nodes.

false

In a critical path analysis, the shortest path is what drives the completion date for the project

false

In a network diagram, it is mandatory for every item on the WBS to be shown instead of only those activities with dependencies.

false

In project management, one should control the schedule before estimating the duration for each activity.

false

In project time management, the next step after sequencing activities is to define these activities

false

Milestones are easy to achieve and are always achieved through one main activity

false

One of PERT's main disadvantages is that it does not address the risk associated with duration estimate.

false

Start-to-finish relationships are the most frequently used dependencies between activities.

false

The arrows in a network diagram represent missed milestones in a project

false

The final process in project time management is developing the schedule

false

The main disadvantage of crashing is that it lengthens the time needed to finish a project.

false

In project management, the primary output of defining activities is a schedule management plan

false, output of defining activities are an activity list, activity attributes, a milestone list, and project management plan updates

After defining project activities, the next step in project time management is developing the schedule

false, the next step is sequencing them or determining their dependencies

Which of the following techniques involve doing activites in parllel that one would normally do in sequence?

fast tracking

SMART criteria are guidelines suggesting that milestones should be

specific, measurable, assignable, realistic, time-framed

In a(n) _____________ relationship, the "from" activity must start before the "to" activity can be finished.

start-to-finish

Which of the following is a relationship in which the "from" activity cannot start until the "to" activity is started?

start-to-start

In a network diagram, a(n) ____________ is the starting and ending point of an activity.

node

The main outputs of _________ include work performance measurements, organizational process assets updates, and project document updates.

schedule control

After reviewing the project management plan, project charter, enterprise environmental factors, and organizational process assets, the project team uses expert judgement, analytical techniques, and meetings to develop the _____________

schedule management plan

Which of the following is a difference between an activity list and an activity attribute?

An activity attribute provides more schedule-related information about each activity than an activity list

________________ states that if something can go wrong, it will

Murphy's law

___________________ provide(s) a standard format for displaying project schedule information by listing project activities and their corresponding start and finish dates in a calendar format.

Gantt chart

Which of the following is true of a finish-to-finish dependency?

It is a dependency in which the "from" activity must be finished before to "to" activity can be finished

A network diagramming technique in which boxes represent activites is known as a(n) _____________

PDM, precedence diagramming method

A difference between the Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) and critical path method (CPM) is that:

PERT uses different duration estimates whereas CPM uses one specific duration estimate

___________ states that work expands to fill the time allowed

Parkinson's law

In the activity defining process, the project team should review the ___________ and activity attributes with project stakeholders before moving on to the next step in project time management.

activity list

The ___________ is a tabulation of activities to be included on a project schedule.

activity list

The activity list should include the ____________, an activity identifier, and a brief description of the activity

activity name

In project time management, the process of ___________ primarily involves checking and managing changes to the project schedule.

controlling the schedule

The technique for making cost and schedule trade-offs to obtain the greatest amount of schedule compression for the least incremental cost is known as _________________

crashing

A white diamond on a Tracking Gantt chart represents a(n) ___________

slipped milestone

In project time management, the main goal of ____________ is to ensure that the project team has complete understanding of all the work they must do as part of the project scope so they can start scheduling the work.

defining activities

In project time management, which of the following processes generate the main outputs of an activity list, activity attributes, and a milestone list?

defining activities

Which of the following processes in project time management involves identifying the specific tasks that the project team members and stakeholders must perform to produce the project deliverables?

defining activities

In project time management, the next step after defining project activities is:

determining their dependnencies

In project time management, the ultimate goal of _____________ is to provide a basis for monitoring project progress for the time dimension of the project

developing a schedule

In project time management, which of the following processes involve analyzing activity sequences, activity resource estimates, and activity duration estimates to create the project schedule?

developing the schedule

The amount of time an activity can be delayed without delaying the early start date of any immediately following activities is known as a ______________

free slack

The ___________ for an activity is the latest possible time an activity might begin without delaying the project date.

late start date

Which of the following is an output of schedule control?

lessons-learned reports

The critical path is the __________ path through a network diagram, and it represents the ___________ amount of slack or float.

longest, shortest

Which of the following types of dependencies are inherent in the nature of work being performed on a project?

mandatory

A(n) ______________ on a project is a significant event that normally has no duration.

milestone

______________ occurs when a resource works on more than one task at a time.

multitasking

A(n) ___________ is a schematic display of the logical relationships among project activities and their sequencing

network diagram

The first process involved in project time management is _________

planning schedule management

A draft schedule for a project is most likely to be found in a _____________

project charter

Which of the following documents is most likely to include planned project start and end dates which serve as the starting points for a detailed schedule?

project charter

Which of the following is one of the main outputs of estimating activity resources process?

project documents update

In project time management, a(n) _____________ is an output of controlling the schedule

project management plan update

__________ involves the processes required to ensure timely completion of a project

project time management

A hierarchical structure that identifies the project's resources by category and type is known as a(n) _____________

resource breakdown structure

In project procurement management, which of the following is an output of the executing process?

resource calendars

The ______________ si based on the fact that any complex system at any point in time often has only one aspect or constraint that limits its ability to achieve more of its goal.

theory of constraints (TOC)

Which of the following is true of dummy activities?

they show logical relationships between activites

Duration estimates can be provided as a discrete number, a range, or as a(n) ____________

three-point estimate

In a project schedule, the variable that has the least amount of flexibility is _____________

time

The ultimate goal of developing a realistic project schedule is to provide a basis for monitoring project progress for the _________ dimensions of the project

time

_____________ is the amount of time an activity can be delayed from its early start without delaying th eplanned project finish date.

total slack

A(n) ___________ Gantt chart compares planned and actual project schedule information

tracking

A Tracking Gantt is based on the percentage of work completed for project tasks or the actual start and finish dates

true

A dependency pertains to the sequencing of project activities or tasks

true

A schedule management plan includes information which describes the format and frequency of schedule reports required for the project

true

An activity is an element of work that has an expected duration, cost, and resource requirements

true

It is important for the activity list and activity attributes to be in agreement with the work breakdown structure

true

Which of the following is a similarity between scope control and schedule control?

both are portions of the integrated change control process under project integration management

A similarity between the crashing technique and fast tracking technique is that:

both can shorten the time needed to finish a project

A(n) ___________ for a project is the series of activities that determine the earliest time by which the project can be completed.

critical path

A drawback of the project management software is that it does not have the capacity to calculate the critical path(s) for a project

false

Critical chain scheduling assumes that resources multitask and maximizes multitasking.

false

In a Gantt chart, thick black bars represent milestones achieved in a project.

false

In project time management, which of the following processes primarily involve identifying and documenting the relationships between project activites?

sequencing activities

A drawback of using ___________ or sample files is that managers and their teams might rely heavily on them and ignore unique concerns for their particular projects

templates

Knowing the amount of float allows project managers to know whether a project schedule is flexible.

true

Network diagrams are the preferred technique for showing activity sequencing

true

Project schedules grow out of basic documents such as the project charter

true

The critical path on a project can change as the project progresses

true

The technique of fast tracking can result in lengthening the project schedule.

true

To define activities, the project team should start with reviewing the schedule management plan, scope baseline, enterprise environmental factors, and organizational processes

true