CH 6: BONE TISSUE

Loss of bone mass typically occurs as a part of aging, and it is more extreme in women than men. Which of the following processes contribute to the loss of bone density? demineralization decrease in protein synthesis decreasing estrogen levels all of these choices

all of these choices

T/F? After menopause, bone deposition by osteoblasts outpaces bone resorption by osteoclasts.

false

The formation of bone that replaces the tissue that makes up the "soft spots" in a baby's skull is an example of: endochondral ossification intramembranous ossification both types of ossification none of these

intramembranous ossification

In bone tissue, which type of cell is the 'bone-building cell' (secretes extracellular matrix and initiates calcification)? osteogenic cell osteoblast osteocyte osteoclast none of these are correct

osteoblast

Which of the following terms refers to a reduced bone mass? osteoporosis osteopenia osteoarthritis osteomyelitis

osteopenia

For an adult suffering from osteomalacia or a child afflicted with Rickets, which of the following factors could be most beneficial in terms of treatment? insulin vitamin K vitamin C parathyroid hormone

parathyroid hormone

Which of the following types of exercise would be the best for maintaining (and possibly enhancing) bone strength? running swimming cycling canoeing

running

Which of the following is NOT classified by shape as a long bone? phalanx (singular of phalanges which are finger and toe bones) humerus (arm bone) fibula (leg bone) sternum (breastbone) metacarpal (hand bone)

sternum (breastbone)

Which of the following types of fractures is difficult to detect with an X-ray and usually shows no visible signs on examination? greenstick fracture compound fracture stress fracture impacted fracture comminuted fracture

stress fractures

Which types of arteries supply blood to a long bone? 1. periosteal arteries 2. nutrient artery 3. epiphyseal arteries 4. metaphyseal arteries 1 and 2 only 2, 3, and 4 only 1 and 4 only 2 and 4 only 1, 2, 3, and 4

1,2,3,4

Which of the following is a function of the skeletal system? triglyceride storage blood cell production mineral storage and release protections all of these choices are functions of the skeletal system

all of these choices are functions of the skeletal system

The appearance of what feature indicates the end of bone growth in length? epiphyseal ridge epiphyseal line osteon epiphyseal plate

epiphyseal line

Which of the following terms refers to the (proximal and distal) ends of a bone? diaphysis endosteum epiphyses metaphyses periosteum

epiphyses

Which of the following has the steps for fracture repair in the correct order? formation of a fracture hematoma, fibrocartilaginous callus formation, bony callus formation, bone remodeling bone remodeling, bony callus formation, fibrocartilaginous callus formation, formation of fracture hematoma fibrocartilaginous callus formation, formation of fracture hematoma, bony callus formation, bone remodeling formation of fracture hematoma, bony callus formation, fibrocartilaginous callus formation, bone remodeling formation of fracture hematoma, bone remodeling, fibrocartilaginous callus formation, bony callus formation

formation of a fracture hematoma, fibrocartilaginous callus formation, bony callus formation, bone remodeling

Functions of bone tissue include all of the following EXCEPT: protection of internal organs storing and releasing minerals generating heat assisting in movement

generating heat

The arms and legs are made of ________ bones. long short flat irregular sesamoid

long

Which bone surface marking is described as a 'tubelike opening,' for example the opening for the ear canal through the temporal bone? meatus tuberosity line epicondyle fossa

meatus

Which of the following refers to a tube-like opening in a bone? foramen fissure meatus fossa

meatus

Which structure provides a protective outer covering for bones and assists with fracture repair? epiphysis epiphseal plate periosteum diaphysis

periosteum

Which of the following is a route for nutrients and oxygen to reach osteocytes in the compact bone of a diaphysis? central canal, canaliculi, perforating canal, periosteum trabecula, central canal, canaliculi perforating canal, periosteum, central canal, canaliculi periosteum, canaliculi, central canal, perforating canal periosteum, perforating canal, central canal, canaliculi

periosteum, perforation canal, central canal, canaliculi

Which activity would best promote bone formation? donating yellow bone marrow weight lifting immunizations being on bed rest

weight lifting