Ch. 6 Religions Key Issue 1 Where Are the World's Religions Distributed? Rubenstein, p.184-195

"Muslim" means:

"One who surrenders to God"

"Islam" means

"Submission to the will on God "

Though NOT one of the 4 largest religions, give the same demographic data for Judaism:

1 % of the world's population adhere to Judaism along with Juchte and Sikhism. Judaism is most widely practiced in the state of Israel.

What percent of the world population is unaffiliated with a religion?

16%

distribution of Christianity in Europe

47% are Roman Catholics 35% are Orthodosers 18% are Protestants Roman Catholic is mostly practiced in the Southwest and East of Europe Protestantism is practiced mostly in the Northwest Orthodox is practiced in the East and Southeast

Differentiate between atheism (atheist) and agnosticism (agnostic):

Atheist - Who express no religious interest or affiliate with it. agnosticism - the belief that the existence of God cannot be proven.

polytheism

Belief in many gods

monotheism

Belief in one God

Spiritism -

Belief that the human personality continues to exist after death and can communicate with the living through a pychic. Most live in Brazil.

distribution of Christianity in North America (in general)

Christians are 86% of the western hemisphere 90% of Latin Americans are Christian 77% of North Americans are Christian 8% of Latin Americans and 17% of North Americans are unaffiliated Roman Catholics compromise 81% of Christians in Latin America and 32% of North America Protestants compromise 18% of Latin America and 63% of North America.

Identify regions of the world that DO reflect great religious diversity and include supporting data.

East Asia, South Asia, Southeast Asia and Sub - Saharan Africa

Judaism -

First religion to support monotheism, belief in only one god The name comes from Judah, one of Jacob's 12 sons The world's two most practiced religions, Christianity and Islam have roots in Judaism.

Juche

Followed by North Koreans. Juche means "self reliance" Organized by Kim II-sung, the leader of North Korea between 1948 and 1994. Some source consider Juche a govern7ment ideology rather than a religion 71% of North Koreans as unaffiliated, 12% as folk religionist an 13% as other

The largest ethnic religion of Hinduism is clustered (countries):

India, Nepal, Bangladesh, and a small minority found in every country

While many people believe the most of the world's Muslims live in the Middle East, in fact the countries with the most Muslims are:

Indonesia, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and India

While there are similarities between cultural identities tied to language and religion, what are two key differences?

Migrants learn the language of their new location, but retain their religion. Also, people can learn a globally important language but still speak the language of their local language at the same time.

Identify regions of the world that do NOT reflect great religious diversity and include supporting data.

North America, Latin America, Southwest and North Africa, Europe, Central Asia, and South Pacific.

Why is difficult to get an accurate count regarding the number of adherents to Buddhism?

Only a few people participate in the institutions.

Sikhism

Primarily in Punjab region of India. Founded by Guru Nanak (1469-1538). He lived in a village near Lahore, present day Pakistan. God was revealed to Nanak as The One Supreme Being or Creator, who rules the universe by divine will. Followers known as Sikhs, Hindu for disciples. In 1604, the book of Sikh holy scriptures was written Arjan (fith Guru). Known as the Holy Granth of Enlightenment.

In what ways is the distribution of religion and language families similar?

Religion and language are usually associated with each other and stay in the same area unless they are diffused to other places

Identify the three main branches of Christianity and the corresponding percent breakdown:

Roman Catholic 50% Protestant: 38% Orthodox: 12% along with other religions

Give some examples of Christian denominations

Roman Catholic, Church of Christ, Black Protestant, Mainline Protestant, Lutheran, Southern Baptist Convention, Non - denominational .

istribution of Christianity in US

Roman Catholics are 29% of the population Evangelical Protestants are 26% Mainline Protestants are 18% historically black churches are 7% other christians are 3% other faiths are 5% 16% are unaffiliated 2% are Latter Day Saints located in Utah and surrounding states Jews can be found in the Northeast and Buddhists on the West

Shiite (Shia) branch of Islam

Shiites are the largest branch in Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, and Yemen. 15% in Pakistan 12% in India 10% in Iraq Shiite Islam is divided into 3 principle schools of thought based in part of dispute over leadership after the prophet Muhammad. The largest of these is Ithna Ashari. The others are Ismaili and Zaidi.

Primal-indigenous religions are found in:

Southeast Asia, or south Pacific Islands especially in Vietnam and Laos.

Sunni branch of Islam

Sunnis comprise 88% of Muslims Sunnis follow various schools of thought and religious laws which have distinctive regional distributions. These schools are called, Hanafi, Hanbali, Maliki, Shafi'i named after their ancestors The word Sunni comes from the Arabic translation, "people following the tradition of Muhammad." They compromise countries in Southwest Asia, North Africa, and Southeast Asia

Syncretic religions

The combining of several religions

List the world's 4 largest religions and the approximate number of adherents for each.

The world's 4 largest religions are Christianity, Islam, Buddhism and Hinduism and according to Pew there is an estimated 2.2,000,000,000 christians 1.6,000,000,000 Muslims, 1,000,000,000 Hindu's, and 500,000,000 Buddhists. Christianity is widely practiced in in every country of the western hemisphere and in most countries of Europe and Sub - Saharan Africa. Islam is most widely practiced in nearly every country of Southwest Asia, North Africa and Central Asia. Buddhism and Hinduism are mostly spread throughout Asia,

distribution of Islam in North America -

There are about 1 to 5 million Muslims in North America it has increased ⅓ of these muslims trace their ancestry back to back to Pakistan and other south Asian countries and ¼ to to Arab countries of Southwest Asia and North Africa. Another ¼ are AFrican Americans

Collecting statistics about the number of adherents to a particular religion is more difficult that collecting data on the number of speakers of a particular language. What are some reasons this is so?

There is no official count in countries like the U.S. China conducted a religion census but only gave respondents 5 choices adherents may feel like their religion is undercounted.

Baha'i

Universal religion. Established in Shiraz, Iran in 1844 by Siyyid Ali Muhammad, known as the Bab. /w Grew out of the Babi faith Opposed by Shiite Muslims an the Bab was executed in 1850 along with 20,000 followers Believed that one of the Bab's disciples, Husayn 'Ali Nuri' was the prophet an messenger of God. Function was to overcome the disunity of religions an create universal faith through abolition of racial, class, an religious prejudices

religious branch

a large fundamental division a religion

congregation

a local assembly of persons brought together for common religious worship

Mahayana branch of Buddhism

account for 56% of Buddhists primarily in China, Japan, and, Korea.

Vajrayana Branch of Islam

also known as lamaists and Tantrayanists, compromise about 6% and are found primarily in Tibet and Mongolia.

Ethnic religions

appeal primarily to one group of people living one pace. Hinduism and Folk religions are considered ethnic

Universalizing religions

attempt to be global - to appeal to all people, wherever they may live in the world, not just to those of one culture or location. Christianity, Islam, and Buddhism are considered this.

Theravada branch of Buddhism

compromise 38% of Buddhists especially in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, and Thailand.

Key Beliefs of Taoism

emphasized the mystical and magical elements of life rather than the importance of public service. Toa means the "way", or, "The path" cannot be comprehended by knowledge

In which category do you think Judaism falls and why?

in the Ethnic religions because it is mainly only located in Northeastern India but only exists elsewhere because of relocation diffusion.

animism

inanimate objects such as plants and stones or natural events such as thunderstorms and earthquakes, are animated, or have discrete spirits and conscious life.

distribution of Islam in Europe -

increased in recent years account for 5% of the population France has largest Muslim pop. (4 million) These Muslims are predominantly from former Muslim colonies in North Africa Germany has 3 million Muslims primarily from Turkey In Southeast Europe, Albania, Bosnia, & Herzgovin, and Serbia each have about 2 million muslims.

key beliefs of Confucianism:

it was emphasized by the importance of the ancient chinese tradition of li, translated as "propriety" or correct behavior. was about the orderly conduct of daily life in China, such as following traditions, fulfilling obligations, and treating others with sympathy.

Primal-indigenous religion Key beliefs include:

they believe that god dwells within all living things and that everything in nature is spiritual. Shamanism and paganism are also in this group Shamans believe that invisible forces or spirits affect the lives of the living. Paga is used to refer to the practices of ancient Greeks and Romans, who had multiple gods with human forms

denomination

unites a number of local congregations in a single legal administrative body.