Ch. 7 "Memory" Quiz ?'s PSY 100
meta memory
Over time, children develop greater knowledge of their own memory abilities and limitations. The term used to describe this is ___________.
memory illusion
A memory that is actually false but "feels real" and can be triggered for example, looking at a list of words, is called a ____________.
generalized amnesia
Although it is presented as the most common kind of memory loss in popular media, with depictions of someone losing all memory of his/her past, __________ is not actually the most common kind of amnesia.
schemas
Although using _______ can sometimes lead to mistakes, they provide us with a frame of reference for interpreting new situations.
recall, recognition, relearning
Psychologists measure people's memory abilities by assessing three capacities
eyewitnesses
More than 300 convicted prisoners to date have been released because DNA evidence showed they were innocent, despite confident testimonies from ________________.
sensory memory
George Sperling's partial report method studies from the 1960s demonstrated that when a display of 12 letters was viewed, participants retained all of the letters in _________ but not all of them could be transferred to short-term memory.
25%
In Elizabeth Loftus's "lost in the mall" study, approx. what percentage of people distinctly remembered being lost in a shopping mall after being told that this had happened to them, even though it did not really happen?
procedural memory
Our memory for how to do things is called _______.
TOT stands for "tip of the tongue"
That frustrating feeling of knowing you know something but cannot pull it out of your brain at the moment you want it is known as the TOT phenomenon, because ______________.
decay ; interference
The 2 primary reasons why short-term memories fade are ____ and ____
long term potential (LTP)
The connections among neurons gradually strengthen over time, and do so by repetitive stimulation. This process is known as ___________.
elaborative rehearsal
There are various techniques available to help people improve their ability to recall material. For example, when you remember something new by connecting it mentally to something you already know, you are using ____________.
"It is easier to implant a false memory that is plausible than one that is implausible"
True statement
cryptomnesia
Unintentional plagiarism has been attributed to ____________, which occurs when someone says they forgot having been exposed to the plagiarized material earlier and thought they had created it themselves.
encoding, storage, retrieval
What are the 3 processes of memory?
memories for recent events fades first, with distant memories usually being the last to go
What is the general progression of memory loss for patients with Alzheimer's disease?
source monitoring
When we are not sure where a memory really came from, we can use cues such as how vivid and detailed the memory is to determine the answer. This process is called __________.
priming
When we have encountered a stimulus before, we are able to identify it more quickly and easily. The term for this subtype of implicit memory is ______.
chunking
Without even noticing that you are doing it, what memory technique do you use to remember larger quantities of info, even though your short-term memory capacity only holds about nine bits of info?
Herman Ebbinghaus
ZAK, BOL, GID, YAF, and other nonsense syllables were used in some of the earliest studies of memory, conducted by ________.
semantic ; episodic
Zhenya remembers St. Paul is the capital of Minnesota. Alina remembers that she lived in St. Paul when she was 12 years old. Zhenya is demonstrating ___________ memory, whereas Alina is demonstrating ____________ memory.
echoic memory
allows you to remember auditory stimuli for up to 5 or 10 seconds
schema
an organized knowledge structure or mental model that we have stored in memory.
method of loci
imagining a map in your head and each stop along the way triggers the next part of what you have memorized. Helps trigger memories and keep you on track.