CH. 7 Painting

What term describes a preliminary drawing done to scale in preparation for fresco painting?

cartoon

Glotto used the large scale wall technique of _______ for his Lamentation to depict the life like emotions of the figures.

fresco

During the 12th century, what painting medium became available for European artists for the first time?

oil paints

The three compounds that make up paints are _____, ______, and _______.

pigment, medium, binder

Oil paintings are a compound of _______ and oil

pigments

With fresco, pigments are mixed with water and applied to a ________ support.

plaster

Canvas, paper, and wood panels are examples of ______, or the surface on which an artist paints.

support

A paint that combines pigments with a stable mixture of an aqueous liquid either oil, fat, wax, or resin is called _________.

tempera

The modern artist Jacob Lawrence used ______ in his series of painting portraying the Great Migration bc he preferred the raw, sharp, rough effect of the colors

tempera

Mosaic is made up of small particles called

tesserae

Which qualities best describe oil paint?

- Areas can be easily scraped away for revisions - It can be applied in a range of consistencies

Encaustic paintings

- are named after the Greek word for "burning in" - are created by mixing pigment with wax and resin

In the painting Saint Anthony Abbot Tempted by a Heap of Gold, which was painted about 1435, how is the effectiveness of a painting related to the medium of of tempera?

- building up forms w/ fine, small strokes of paint - brilliance and clarity of color - painted on a wood panel prepared w/ a ground of gesso

After the revolutionary gov. came to power in Mexico in 1921, arts were comissioned to create murals that depicted what?

- glories of its ancient civilizations - its political struggles - its people - its hopes for the future

During the Renaissance, why was mosaic largely abandoned in favor of fresco?

- mosaic was considerably more expensive - fresco was better suited for naturalistic compositions

Raphael's fresco The School of Athens is said to perfect which of the following ideals?

- noble principles - naturalistic representation - beauty

What attributes best describe watercolor?

- they are applied in translucent washes - they are most closely associated with intimate works - they are easily transportable

What attributes best characterize acrylic paints?

- they can mimic the effects of other painting mediums - they can be used on a variety of surface mediums - they can be applied in thin translucent washes - they can be applied in heavy layers

How did Lynda Bengalls' fallen paintings challenge the traditional boundaries of easel painting?

- they were detached from the constraints of walls - they had a 3D sculptural presence - the free form shape of the compositions was determined by the unrestrained flow of paint

Why did the Renaissance artist Domenico Ghirlandalo call mosaic "painting for eternity"?

They are extremely durable.

True or False: All paintings use a medium

False

What artist is known for his/her innovative painting technique, placing the canvas on the ground so as to drip and splatter paint on it from above?

Jackson Pollock

In the 1680s at the request of King Louis XIV of France, Charles Le Brun designed a series of tapestries depicting the Battle of Granicus. Why were 8 full sets of the series created?

Louis intended to gift sets of tapestries to visiting royals, diplomats, and dignitaries

Easel painting become popular during the ______ period.

Renaissance

What culture is most closely associated with the production of large-scale pictorial tapestries?

Renaissance Europe

Alla prima is Italian for

at first

Paints consisting of pigments and polymerized resin are called _______.

acrylic

In a traditional wood painting tempera painting, gesso is used

to prepare a smooth, ivory like surface to which pigments can be applied

Artists in countries such as China and India grind pigments in water and bind them with either animal glue or gum arabic to achieve paints that are similar to _________.

watercolor

The characteristic that differentiates watercolor from gouache is inert ______ pigment.

white

When did chemists first develop durable industrial plants using synthetic plastic resins?

1930s